磷酸

Its steps include these:(1) purification of WPA;(2) neutralization reaction between purified WPA and sodium carbonate for the salt mixture of disodium hydrogen phosphate and monometallic sodium orthophosphate;(3) adjustment of the mixture's neutralizing degree with additive acid or alkali;(4) quick separation of crystal with additive organic solvent under continue stir;(5) polymerization of crystal under the high temperature for the high quality product of STPP.

其步骤为：(1)湿法磷酸净化；(2)净化后的磷酸与碳酸钠中和反应生成磷酸一氢钠和磷酸二氢钠混合盐溶液；(3)用酸、碱调节确定该混合盐溶液的中和度；(4)加入有机溶剂，通过不断地搅拌使晶体快速析出；(5)晶体经高温聚合，生成高品质的三聚磷酸钠。

Sodium phosphate salts,which mainly include sodium orthophosphate,sodium pyrophosphate,sodium polyphosphate,and sodium metaphosphate,are the largest produced and consumed phosphate products in industrial phosphates.Their technical exploitation and market development are both relatively mature.

磷酸钠盐是工业磷酸盐中产量最大、消费量最多的磷化工产品，其技术开发与市场发展都比较成熟，主要有正磷酸钠盐、焦磷酸钠盐、聚磷酸钠盐和偏磷酸钠盐。

The research leads to following conclusions: A The age of the ferromanganese contacting with the upper phosphate layer is 14.9 Ma; B The crust had been grown continually without sedimentation interruption since 14.9 Ma, suggesting that it can be used to rebuild the environment of palaeo-ocean and palaeo-climate from 14.9 Ma to 0 Ma; C The sedimentation interruption between the ferromanganese and the upper phosphate layer lasted around 4 Ma; D Between 19 Ma and 22.7 Ma, great phosphatization event happened in this area, which might cause the sedimentation interruption from 22.7 Ma to 14.9 Ma; E The ferromanganese crust began to grow from 75 Ma.

对超微量Sr同位素测试得到的富钴结壳磷酸盐年龄进行分析认为：(1)上部富钴结壳与上层白色磷酸盐化层接触部位的年龄为14.9 Ma；(2)自14.9 Ma以来，结壳的生长是连续的，沉积间断发生的可能性非常小，该样品可以用来进行14.9 Ma年以来古海洋、全球变化的重建工作；(3)上层白色磷酸盐化层与其上部的富钴结壳之间存在4 Ma的沉积间断；(4)19 Ma~22.7 Ma左右在该区发生过大规模的磷酸盐化作用，磷酸盐化作用可能造成磷酸盐化时期(19 Ma~22.7 Ma)和之后4 Ma(19 Ma~14.9 Ma)富钴结壳的沉积间断；(5)结壳的初始生长年龄在75 Ma左右；(6)老结壳的生长速度要远低于新结壳的生长速度。

The results show that the dispersity order of phosphates from strong to weak is as follows: sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, trisodium phosphate.

结果表明：磷酸盐对这4种矿物分散效果由强至弱的顺序为：六偏磷酸钠，焦磷酸钠，磷酸三钠；六偏磷酸钠增大铝硅酸盐矿物颗粒表面电位的绝对值，从而提高了颗粒间静电排斥作用；同时，六偏磷酸钠吸附于铝硅酸盐矿物表面后，加剧了颗粒之间的空间位阻效应，使颗粒间产生较强的位阻排斥力。

Results are as followed:1 Exposure of HELF cells to BP caused c-Jun activation,and increased the activity of MAPK,PI-3K,p53 and cyclin D1 pathway.2 BP-induced c-Jun activation was inhibited by dominant negative mutants of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase or c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase,but not by p38,impling that JNK and ERK pathways medicate c-Jun activation induced by BP.3 Overexpression of dominant-negative mutants PI-3K and Akt potently blocked phosphorylations of c-Jun and ERK,but not JNK in response to BP,suggesting that PI-3K/Akt pathway positively regulates BP-induced c-Jun activation through ERK.4 Inhibition of p53 by its chemical or molecular inhibitor markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun,Akt and ERK upon BP stimulation,indicating that p53 negatively medicates BP-induced c-Jun activation through PI-3K/Akt/ERK pathway.5 The cell lines expressed TAM67 exhibits no significant affecting normal cell growth properties.6 TAM67 was able to significantly block G_1-S transition and subsequent cell proliferation,suggesting that c-Jun is essential for cell cycle alternations elicited by BP.7 Overexpression of TAM67 impaired BP-induced cyclin D1 activation,decreasing expression of E2F1 and pRb,indicating that c-Jun participates in the modulation of BP-induced activation of cyclin D1/pRb/E2F1 pathway.8 Stably expression of TAM67 led to the increases in the expression levels of p53 and p21,elevating phosphorylation level of p53,clearly indicating that c-Jun regulates p53/p21 pathway activation induced by BRCollectively,PI3K/Akt/ERK pathway mediated BP-induced c-Jun activation through p53-dependent mechanism.

结果显示：1BP刺激细胞可促进c-Jun活化，并伴随着MAPK、PI-3K、p53和cyclinD1通路各组成成分的活性增强。2利用MAPK通路的显性失活突变体分别阻断细胞外信号调节激酶和c-Jun氨基末端激酶活性，均可明显抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，但阻断p38活性对BP引起的c-Jun活化无明显影响，提示JNK和ERK通路参与调控BP诱导的c-Jun活化。3过表达PI-3K和Akt的显性失活突变体也可显著抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，并降低磷酸化ERK的表达水平，但对磷酸化JNK的表达水平无明显影响，说明PI-3K/Akt通路通过ERK正性调控了BP诱导的c-Jun活化。4p53的化学/分子抑制剂能使BP作用的细胞内c-Jun活性明显增加，并同时诱导Akt和ERK的磷酸化水平的升高，表明p53可通过PI-3K/Akt/ERK通路对BP诱导的c-Jun活化进行负性调控。5随后观察转染细胞的生长情况，发现TAM67对细胞正常生长和形态无明显影响。6稳定表达TAM67可有效抑制BP诱导的S期细胞数的增加，提示c-Jun在BP致细胞周期改变的过程中发挥了重要作用。7TAM67过表达能够抑制BP诱导的cyclin D1活化，降低磷酸化Rb以及E2F1蛋白表达水平，表明c-Jun参与调控BP诱导的cyclin D1/Rb/E2F1通路的活化。8过表达TAM67可使BP刺激的细胞中p53、p21总蛋白以及p53磷酸化的表达水平明显升高，可见c-Jun也参与调控BP诱导的p53/p21通路活化。

At present, the company mainly produces: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid (85% industrial grade), potassium nitrate,Sodium Tripolyphosphate(Industrial-grade, Food-grade),NPK and other phosphorus products.

目前，公司主要生产：磷酸二氢钾、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵、磷酸（85%工业级）、硝酸钾、三聚磷酸钠、各种规格的NPK复合肥等磷化工系列产品。

Furthermore, influences of different phosphate salts at various concentrations on the ionization efficiency of phosphopeptide were investigated systematically, finding that the signal intensity for phosphopeptide 48FQEEQQQTEDELQDK63 digested from β-casein were 5 to 8 times increased in an optimized condition with 10 mmol/L ammonium monobasic phosphate or 3 to 4 times increased with 10 mmol/L ammonium dibasic phosphate as additive to matrix 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, respectively.

考察了两种适合于磷酸化肽离子化的基质类型2，5-二羟基苯甲酸和2，4，6-三羟基苯乙酮。用2，5-二羟基苯甲酸作为基质时，当加入10 mM 磷酸氢二铵时，磷酸化蛋白质β-casein的磷酸肽 48FQEEQQQTEDELQDK63的离子化效率可以增强5-8倍，当加入10 mM磷酸二氢胺时，磷酸肽的离子化效率可以增强3-4倍。

Detect with Western Blot protein of MAb counterpoise form and the natural phosphoric acid is enzymatic reactivity in the cell, obtain 6 individual plant to be able to be stabilized in all secrete the individual plant of cross tumour cell that fights phosphoric acid enzymatic MAb, go enzymaticly to study double particularity phosphoric acid further phosphation action mechanism and its activation formerly in mitosis way of enzymatic signal of albumen phosphoric acid turns guide provide strong tool.

用Western blot检测mAb对重组蛋白和细胞中天然磷酸酶的反应性，共获得6株可稳定分泌抗磷酸酶mAb的杂交瘤细胞株，为进一步探究双特异性磷酸酶的去磷酸化功能机理以及其在有丝分裂原激活蛋白磷酸酶信号途径中的信号转导提供强有力的工具。

Was founded in 1993, after reorganization of assets in 2003 as "phosphide", more than 500 million fixed assets, the existing 150 staff, of whom technical staff of more than 20, are specializing in the production of phosphate (sodium pyrophosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate) enterprise.

河南省焦作市磷化实业有限公司（原武陟县兴璋化工有限公司）建于1993年，后经2003年资产重组为&磷化&，公司固定资产500多万，现有职工150人，其中技术人员20多名，是专业生产磷酸盐（焦磷酸钠，磷酸氢二钠，六偏磷酸钠，磷酸二氢钾，磷酸氢二钠，磷酸三钠）企业。

To prepare the phosphorylated PRAS40 (Ser183) antibody, We chosen 10-amino acid including Ser183 as antigen peptide through antigenicity and hydrophobicity analysis, hinged on keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and used the KLH-peptide to immunize rabbits. After antibody serum titer detection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the antibody was purified with rProtein A sepharose fast flow and dephosphorylated antigen membrane. The antibody titrate reached 1:10 000 after purification and its special property was enhanced with absorption treatment of dephosphorylated antigen membrane. In addition, we used rabbit anti-PRAS40 antibody and the phosphorylated PRAS40 (Ser183) antibody to detect PRAS40 expression in several cell lines, including the normal cells HL7702, HEK293, tumor cells HepG2, A549 and S180. There were no quite difference among these cells; otherwise, we observed the decreased phosphorylation level of Ser183 after amino acid withdrawal treatment.

为了制备PRAS40(Ser183)磷酸化多克隆抗体，本实验通过蛋白疏水性抗原性分析设计多肽抗原，用其免疫家兔获得抗血清， ELISA检测其效价为1：10 000； Western blotting法检测发现，通过rProtein A Sepharose亲和层析纯化并经非磷酸化的抗原条吸附处理后的抗体可以明显提高磷酸化抗体的特异性；用PRAS40抗体及PRAS40(Ser183)磷酸化抗体对正常细胞HL7702、HEK293及肿瘤细胞HepG2、A549、S180的检测显示：磷酸化的Ser183在不同细胞中表达差异不显著，而在经细胞饥饿处理的HEK293细胞中却明显观察到了S183磷酸化水平随氨基酸含量降低而减弱的现象。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。