磷化氢

It is very difficult to eliminate these influence factors completely by conventional treatment. Surface properties and surface treatment of ultrafine red phosphorus and MMT and their interface properties with polymer matrices were studied in this thesis. The results were characterized by GC, FTIR, XRD, DTA, TG, XPS, UV, SEM, TEM and other physical and chemical methods. The main contents are as following: 1. The study of factors influencing ultrafine red phosphorus's invariability and phosphine liberation indicated red phosphorus undergone oxidation and dismutation reaction in air, and trace ion of iron, copper and nickel fastened water absorption and oxidation, in which the effect of copper ion was the most, while aluminium and zinc ion could slow down red phosphorus'oxidation, and silver ion had the best effect on red phosphorus moisture absorption. Inhibitors such as aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, organic phenol and ferrous potassuim cyanide had a good effect on reducing red phosphorus moisture absorption and restraining phosphine liberation.

本文围绕纳微米材料的表面处理及其在高聚物基体中的应用这一主题，系统地研究了超细红磷和蒙脱土两种常见材料的表面特性、表面处理方法及其与高聚物基体的界面特性，通过气相色谱、红外光谱、X射线衍射、差热、热重、X射线光电子能谱仪、紫外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等现代分析仪器以及其它物理、化学方法对实验结果进行了表征和分析，全文主要内容如下： 1、对影响超细红磷安定性的因素以及磷化氢的缓释研究表明：红磷在空气中发生缓慢氧化、歧化反应，微量的铜、铁、镍等金属离子增加了它的吸水和氧化速度，其中铜离子的作用最为明显，而铝、锌等离子减慢了红磷的氧化速度，银离子对减少红磷的吸湿性效果最好。

It revealed that the resistance to phosphine might be related to the activity of carboxlesterase in red flour beetle.

研究表明赤拟谷盗对磷化氢的抗性可能与羧酸酯酶的活性增加有关。

Phosphine is recognized as a quarantine fumigant mainly for stored grain.

磷化氢作为一种检疫熏蒸剂主要用于粮食的处理。

But because of using just a fumigant in a long time and working out of line, the fumigant do little effect to pests in recent years.

但目前，绝大多数熏蒸方法都存在磷化氢发生工艺不完善，熏蒸有毒残渣难以处理等棘手的问题。

Fumigating is the most effective method to kill pests in grain depots. Phosphine is not only the safest fumigant under use, but also the only allowable fumigant in most countries.

熏蒸法是防治储粮害虫最为有效的手段，磷化氢是目前对人类而言最为安全的熏蒸剂，也是绝大多数国家唯一允许使用的熏蒸剂。

The author also expected that the era of multiple use of single fumigant would be replaced by those fumigants for special of a certain field use gradually.

由于它具有高效、穿透性强、快速、杀虫谱广等优点，总体来说，被认为是和磷化氢一样的气体杀虫剂的两大支柱之一。

Phosphine ; carbon dioxide ; cylinder fumigant ; fumigate

磷化氢；二氧化碳；混合钢瓶剂型；熏蒸

The wheat with injurious insects were treated by means of the mixed fumigation with phosophine and carbon dioxide with the aid of a mixed fumigator.

本试验用仓外混合熏蒸机以磷化氢和二氧化碳混合熏蒸方式处理有虫小麦。

Fumigation with phosphene needs a long exposure time.

磷化氢熏蒸一般需要较长的密闭时间。

It is anticipated that most treatments conducted to meet the regulatory requirements will employ methyl bro mide fumigation , although some other fumigants such as phosphene, or a number of preservative s, may be employed.

尽管可以使用一些其他熏蒸剂如磷化氢或多种防腐剂，但期望大多数为满足这些强制性要求的处理采用溴甲烷熏蒸。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。