磷化作用

The effects of all react areas and their features were also discovered. In anaerobic cells the organic matters acidify and hydrolyze, phosphate are released, nitrate will be denitrified if it exits.

揭示了MSBR各反应区自身特点及在整个流程中作用：厌氧池承担有机物的酸化水解、厌氧释磷和部分反硝化的功能。

To restore the ability of chromium can be dissolved in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and High-FE acid and release hydrogen, but also of pure chromium with aqua regia does not work, when there is the presence of halogen ions in the acid can not be long-term stability, high temperature with alkali, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur steam, phosphorus, ammonia, such as carbon monoxide and water vapor reaction of the corresponding compounds, in the high temperature reaction of silicon into the silicide also chromium, chromium alloys with many metals generate a wide range of industrial applications, such as chromium-manganese stainless steel is used extensively for chemical plants.

铬的还原能力强，能溶于硫酸、盐酸和高FE氯酸而放出氢气，但纯铬连王水也不起作用，当有卤素离子存在时，在酸中不能长期稳定，高温时能与强碱、硫化氢、硫蒸汽、磷、氨、一氧化碳和水蒸汽等反应生成对应的化合物，在高温下还能与硅反应成硅化铬，铬能与许多金属生成合金广泛在工业上应用，如铬锰不锈钢大量用于化工设备。

The molecular charge distribution of the reactivator is affect the reactivating efficacy directly. Moreover its association with hydroximic acid dissociation constant pAa closely, and it will have a great impact on reactivating ability indirectly.(3) There is likely to exist front molecular interaction between Cholinesterase Reactivators and OPC-inhibited AChE, the action sites mainly lie on the aromatic ring, the substitute R and the hydroixic acid group. They act on the aromatic residues of AChE by Π-Π conjugation .(4) The reached results by Comparative Molecular Field Analysis is useful to design new higher efficacy derivatives for 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole class nonquaternary Cholinesterase Reactivators.

2复能剂分子的电荷分布直接影响复活活性，同时对肟酸解离常数pKa具有重要影响，间接影响复活能力；(3)复能剂与磷酰化酶可能存在前线轨道作用，作用部位可能主要在芳香环及其取代基R和肟基上，与AchE的芳香族残基发生л-л电子作用；(4)通过比较分子力场法研究可以指导1，2，4-oxadiazole类非季铵肟胆碱酯酶重活化剂新化合物的合成，可能得到活性更高的复能剂。

The results show that a MgSnO3·H2O conversion film is formed by treatment in the stannate solution at 90℃, and the immersion test and potentiodynamic polarization show that the corrosion resistance of the AZ91D alloy is improved to some extent.

结果表明：锡酸盐转化处理后合金表面形成了以MgSnO3·H2O为主要成分的转化膜，可对合金起到一定的防护作用；转化膜由细小的球形颗粒密积而成，颗粒之间存在间隙，它可以为化学镀镍的前处理过程提供良好的吸附条件；转化膜上的化学镀镍层组织致密、无缺陷， MgSnO3·H2O转化膜在镀镍层与基体之间起到过渡作用，镀层的磷含量达到9%，与基体结合良好；在3.5% NaCl (pH=7)溶液中的动电位极化测试表明，镀镍以后的合金在阳极极化过程中发生了明显的钝化，耐腐蚀性能进一步提高，对基体起到了较好的防护作用。

The Hammett indicator, TPD and IR methods are used to study the relation bet- ween the surface acidic properties of a P-La modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst and its toluol disproportion catalytic properties.

本文用Hammett指示剂法，程序升温脱附法和红外光谱法考察了磷和磷一改性ZSM－5沸石催化剂表面酸性变化对甲苯歧化催化剂性能影响，认为磷酸与沸石的直接作用，使沸石的强酸中心消失。

Matrix extracelluar phosphoglycoprotein, which is one of the matrix extracelluar non-collage-nous proteins, is expressed in bone, teeth and renal proximal convoluted tubules.

细胞外基质磷酸糖蛋白是一种细胞外基质的非胶原性磷酸化糖蛋白，主要表达于骨组织、牙组织和肾近球小管中，在骨形成矿化以及调节磷吸收方面发挥重要作用。

Itamin D from the skin and diet is metabolized in the lier to 25-hydroxyitamin D (Figure 1), which is used to determine a patient's itamin D status1,2,3,4; 25-hydroxyitamin D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to its actie form, 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D.1,2,3,4 The renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D is tightly regulated by plasma parathyroid hormone leels and serum calcium and phosphorus leels.1,2,3,4 Fibroblast growth factor 23, secreted from the bone, causes the sodium–phosphate cotransporter to be internalized by the cells of the kidney and small intestine and also suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D synthesis.5 The efficiency of the absorption of renal calcium and of intestinal calcium and phosphorus is increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D (Figure 1).2,3,6 It also induces the expression of the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24), which catabolizes both 25-hydroxyitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D into biologically inactie, water-soluble calcitroic acid.2,3,4

从皮肤和食物来的维生素D在肝中代谢为25-羟基维生素D（图1），被用来决定病人体内维生素D情况的1，2，3，4；25-羟基维生素D在肾中被25-羟基维生素D1羟化酶（CYP27B1）转变为有活性的1，25-二羟基维生素D 。1，2，3，4由肾产生1，25-二羟基维生素D是被血浆甲状旁腺激素和血清钙，磷水平紧密调节。1，2，3，4由骨分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子23使钠磷协同转运蛋白被肾和小肠细胞内化及抑制1，25-二羟维生素D合成。5 在1，25-二羟基维生素D作用下肾和小肠吸收钙及磷的效率增高(图1)。2，3，6 它也包括25-羟四- 24 -羟化酶的表达(CYP24)，且将1，25二羟基维生素D和25羟基维生素D异化成无生物活性，水溶性的维生素D3-23羧酸。2，3，4

It is well known that the gettering dwell time of rapid thermal phosphorous gettering is too shorter to dissolved impurities and precipitate of transitional metals in the silicon matrix and diffused to the gettering sites.

恒温磷扩散对于在中、低温(低于900℃以下)时铁的沾污有明显的吸杂作用，可以很好的恢复和提高材料的电学性能，特别在磷扩散吸杂后再结合进行氢钝化处理可大大的改善材料性能。

The compost of agricultural waste materials is the process that under the function of microorganism, the organic matter turn into well-rotted manure by the way of the organic matter being mineralized and humus and harmless.

农业废弃物的堆腐是在微生物作用下，通过发酵使有机物矿质化、腐殖化和无害化而变成腐熟肥料的过程，在微生物分解有机物的过程中，不但生成大量可被植物吸收利用的有效态氮、磷、钾化合物，而且又合成新的高分子有机物---腐殖质。

The compost of agricultural waste materials is the process that under the function of microorganism, the organic matter turn into well-rotted manure by the way of the organic matter being mineralized and humus and harmless.

农业废弃物的堆腐是在微生物作用下，通过发酵使有机物矿质化、腐殖化和无害化而变成腐熟肥料的过程，在微生物分解有机物的过程中，不但生成大量可被植物吸收利用的有效态氮、磷、钾化合物，而且又合成新的高分子有机物---腐殖质。由于这一过程是在微生物分泌酶的作用下酶促反应过程，研究酶活性变化可以从本质上揭示堆腐的生物行为。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。