磷化

This paper relates to the preparation of phosphorus pentafluoride and the solubility of phosphorus pentafluoride in aether.

本论文对以五氧化二磷和无水氟化氢为原料制备五氟化磷的工艺和五氟化磷在乙醚中的溶解度进行了初步研究。

Preparation of a high-strength α-hemihydrate gypsum based on complex pastern material is studied by using a complex active agent of industrial waste to improve the crystal properties of hemihydrate gypsum and to eliminate impurities' effect on the properties of products of phosphorous gypsum ,such as phosphorous and fluorine.

以磷石膏为基体原料制备高强α-半水石膏基复合材料，利用工业废渣中的激发剂来改进半水石膏的结晶性质，以消除磷石膏中磷、氟等杂质对磷石膏制品性能影响，同时激发剂使具有潜在活性的矿渣得以活化，制备的低温陶瓷化磷石膏基复合材料制品兼具陶瓷和石膏性能；SEM图片表明，制备的复合材料水化后晶体结构粗大、致密

College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing 100022, China ）Abstract The phosphoryl N → O migration reaction and ester exchange reaction on phosphorus of phosphoserine with methyl alcohol involving hexa-coordinate phosphorus intermediate 3 had been studied by MNDO method.

用MNDO方法对磷酰化丝氨酸仿生化反应机理中所形成的六配位磷中间体(3)可能的3个异构体的结构及其反应活性进行了研究。

In general, the phosphoamino acid esters were unable to transfer their phosphoryl group to other hydroxyl nucleophiles even with the presence of imidazole, but the N-phosphoserine and threonine esters were two exceptions.

二、测定了部分磷酰化D—氨基酸的磷酰基转移反应速率常数，并对外消旋化合物的酯交换反应进行了旋光度跟踪，发现磷酰化丝、苏氨酸的对映体有明显的区别。

Therefore, N-phosphoamino acids could be used as models in the study of reactions of the phosphoryl group in the life process.First of all, a series of model N-phosphpoamino acids were synthesized. And their ester exchange reaction on the phosphorous center was studied by ~(31)P NMR, HPLC, ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS.

首先，本论文从氨基酸角度研究磷化学，合成了一系列模型化合物N-磷酰化氨基酸，利用~(31)P NMR技术研究了磷上酯交换反应，发现α-氨基酸对于磷原子存在着手性选择现象，并且这种手性选择的差异随α-氨基酸种类的不同也有所区别。

In the study of peptide formation from phosphoryl aspartic acid with ethyl alanine, the N-phosphoryl peptide ester was isolated and identified by 1D and 2D NMR. It was found that only α-dipeptide ester, no β-dipeptide ester, was formed in the reaction.

实验发现N-磷酰化极性氨基酸在没有活化剂、缩合剂的水溶液中能够发生成肽反应，且生成的磷酰化二肽具有方向性：成肽产物的N端氨基酸来自N-磷酰化氨基酸，成肽反应发生在其C端。

Itamin D from the skin and diet is metabolized in the lier to 25-hydroxyitamin D (Figure 1), which is used to determine a patient's itamin D status1,2,3,4; 25-hydroxyitamin D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to its actie form, 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D.1,2,3,4 The renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D is tightly regulated by plasma parathyroid hormone leels and serum calcium and phosphorus leels.1,2,3,4 Fibroblast growth factor 23, secreted from the bone, causes the sodium–phosphate cotransporter to be internalized by the cells of the kidney and small intestine and also suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D synthesis.5 The efficiency of the absorption of renal calcium and of intestinal calcium and phosphorus is increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D (Figure 1).2,3,6 It also induces the expression of the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24), which catabolizes both 25-hydroxyitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D into biologically inactie, water-soluble calcitroic acid.2,3,4

从皮肤和食物来的维生素D在肝中代谢为25-羟基维生素D（图1），被用来决定病人体内维生素D情况的1，2，3，4；25-羟基维生素D在肾中被25-羟基维生素D1羟化酶（CYP27B1）转变为有活性的1，25-二羟基维生素D 。1，2，3，4由肾产生1，25-二羟基维生素D是被血浆甲状旁腺激素和血清钙，磷水平紧密调节。1，2，3，4由骨分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子23使钠磷协同转运蛋白被肾和小肠细胞内化及抑制1，25-二羟维生素D合成。5 在1，25-二羟基维生素D作用下肾和小肠吸收钙及磷的效率增高(图1)。2，3，6 它也包括25-羟四- 24 -羟化酶的表达(CYP24)，且将1，25二羟基维生素D和25羟基维生素D异化成无生物活性，水溶性的维生素D3-23羧酸。2，3，4

In chapter 2,the bi-electrophilicity ofα-CAPAs(Gly-CAPA,Ala-CAPA) was identified by the isotope analysis ~(18O,~(15)N and furtherproved by trappingα-CAPA with nucleophiles such as water,amino acids,phosphateand methanol in alkaline media which yielded phosphorylated products,namely,theNPAAs and N-(mono-substituted)phosphoryl amino acids.

同时，CAPA和亲核试剂如水，氨基酸，磷酸和甲醇分子反应可以生成各种磷酰化产物，如NPAAs和N-磷上单取代的磷酰化氨基酸。

The results showed that a combined application of manure and chemical NPK and long-term fallowing increased the contents of soil organic matter, total N, and mineralized N, as well as the N mineralization rate significantly, compared with the control.

结果表明：氮磷钾化肥和有机肥配施及长期撂荒处理显著提高了土壤有机质和全氮含量以及土壤氮素矿化量和矿化率；氮磷钾化肥处理虽然提高了土壤无机氮含量，但对土壤有机质、全氮、土壤氮素矿化量和矿化率的影响相对较小。

In the past, researches focused only on sole function of bacteria such as tricalcium phosphate or ferric phosphate solubilization. In order to efficiently develop superior phosphate solubilizing microorganisms which are useful on various crops, a team includes Professors C.C. Young, C.C. Tang, S.H. Su, H.J. Chen and C.T. Lo in National Chung Hsing University and National Formosa University was established. Microbial consortiums include phosphate solubilizing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing actinomycetes, phosphate solubilizing yeast, and phosphate solubilizing fungi will be designed in the present study and their capabilities to promote crop growth will be demonstrated. The suitable phosphate solubilizing bacterial formula will also be designed. Consideration for the specificity and adaptation of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms to their host crops, the designed biofertilizers will be used as inoculants to increase the yields of various crops meanwhile reduce the overdose usage of chemical fertilizers.

过去研究溶磷菌主要是在各别溶磷之功能上之研发，如溶磷酸钙及溶磷铁，本计画为缩短不同菌种筛选在不同作物之效应评估工作，以组成一研究团队进行不同类型菌种之应用评估，成员涵盖二个大学的研究团队，包括杨秋忠、谭镇中、苏孝华及罗朝村等教授，分别研究细菌、放线菌、酵母菌及木霉真菌，另在菌剂生产配方由陈鸿基教授研究，以提高多元化应用土壤磷素之有效利用，并达到不同作物之应用效应评估，期以探讨开发不同作物专用之微生物肥料之可行性及问题，以减少化学磷肥之施用，降低土壤劣化提高农民所得之目的。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。