磷

Therefore, it is of great significance to make thorough study on its distribution characters in marine sediments and the transforming mechanism of phosphine so that evidences would be provided for its function in the phosphorus biogeochemical recycle.

开展磷化氢在海洋沉积物中的分布特征、磷化氢与其他形态磷化物之间的转化机制的研究，对于弄清磷化氢在磷的生物地球化学循环中的作用和地位具有重要的科学意义。

For efficient utilization of phosphorus—rich rhodochrosite and complicated sulfides, we have carried out some studies on enrichment of manganese, dephosphorization and bio-catalytical oxidation of sulfides supported by NSFC (No. 59374150, 59774010), the main contents include: properties of Huayuan Manganese ore; microorganisms preparation of dealing with manganese ore; physiological and biochemical properties of microbes used; the mechanism of microbes function to manganese ore; the separation, tameness of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and its nutriment; bio—catalytical oxidation mechanism of sulfides; extraction of gold by bio—catalytical oxidation—cyanidation.

为解决我国储量丰富的高磷贫碳酸锰矿石和复杂硫化矿有效利用中存在的问题，我们在国家自然科学基金委员会的资助下（No.59374150，No.59774010），以花垣锰矿石和黄铜矿、黄铁矿等为研究对象，进行了高磷贫碳酸锰矿石的微生物富锰降磷和生物催化氧化硫化矿等的研讨工作，内容包括：花垣锰矿石的性质研究；富锰降磷微生物的筛选；试验用微生物的生理生化特性及富锰降磷机理探讨；催化氧化硫化矿细菌的分离、驯化及营养条件确定；生物催化氧化硫化矿的机制；金的生物催化氧化—氰化提取。

Aeruginosa increased with the increased initial P concentration in the media;② Under the constant N concentration, the phosphorus uptake of M. aeruginosa was correlated positively with the initial P concentration;③ Under the constant P concentration, the accumulation of phosphorus by M. aeruginosa was correlated negatively with the initial N concentration, but the trend was not obvious and the effect of initial N concentration on the uptake P quantity became ruleless when the initial N concentration reached a higher level (21 mg/L).

结果显示，①氮磷比不变时，随着起始磷浓度的增加，铜绿微囊藻对正磷酸盐蓄积量也逐渐增加，成明显正相关；②氮浓度不变时，铜绿微囊藻对正磷酸盐的蓄积效果与磷浓度正相关；③而同一磷浓度下，铜绿微囊藻对正磷酸盐的蓄积效果与氮浓度负相关，但氮浓度超过21 mg/L时，氮浓度对于铜绿微囊藻蓄积磷的效果影响变得不规则。

Under the different pH conditions, the migration and transformation behavior of each form of phosphorus released from the lake sediments into water body was studied by means of simulation. The results show that under alkalic condition or acidic condition, the temporal and spatial distribution of phosphorus in the water body changes with its releasing mechanism, and its migration and transformation behaviors are various. The change of pH value has no obvious effect on such transformation, but the total phosphorus in the water body has substantial effect on the concentration change of various forms of phosphorus.

通过室内模拟湖泊沉积物在不同pH条件下，研究释放到水体中各种磷形态的迁移转化行为，结果表明：碱性条件和酸性条件下，水体磷的时空变化由于其释放机制的不同，其迁移转化行为各不相同，同时，pH值的变化对水体中各种磷的相互转化没有明显的作用，各种磷形态的浓度变化，在很大程度上取决于水体中总磷的浓度。

Cacoxenite, beryllonite, viseite, beraunite, alluaudite, rhabdophane and apatite are non-silicon channel structural minerals.

黄磷铁矿、磷钠铍石、磷方沸石、簇磷铁矿、磷锰钠石、水磷铈石和磷灰石是非硅元素的孔道结构矿物。

This method can be used to detect 16 pesticides in 30 minutes, including organophosphorus (parathion-methyl, phorate, isofenphos-methyl, malathion, chlorpyrifos, fenthion), organochlorine (dichlororos, heptachlor, chlorothalonil,α-hexachlorocyclohexane,γ-hexachlorocyclohexane,δ-hexachlorocyclohexane, p, p'-DDE, p, p'-DDD), pyrethroids and triadimefon in vegetables.

采用选择离子－气相色谱－质谱联用方式，依据保留时间和特征离子丰度比，可以在30 min之内检测有机磷（甲基对硫磷、甲拌磷、甲基异柳磷、马拉硫磷、毒死蜱、倍硫磷）、有机氯（敌敌畏、七氯、百菌清、α-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、p， p'-DDE、p， p'-DDD）、除虫菊酯、三唑酮等16种农药。

However, the water quality simulation results by CE-QUAL-W2 model revealed that the hydrologically induced density currents in winter together with the external loads of P were the main cause of the surface water quality deterioration, even though the bottom water carrying abundant P internal loads might be lifted to the middle layer by the water momentum force by the density current.

模拟之底泥溶解总磷负荷和溶解总磷外部负荷相当。然而以CE-QUAL-W2二维水理水质模式模拟结果，翡翠水库年初表水总磷浓度突增主要是受到冬季冷水密度流造成的水体抬升及前一年停留在中层水之磷外部负荷联合贡献结果，相对地磷内部负荷虽可被抬升至中层水处，对表水的贡献有限。

The result indicated that: the amount of the excess HF formed direct ratio to the yield of phosphorus pentafluoride and the optimum amount of the excess HF used is about 35%; the trickling rate of oleum shouldnt make the temperature of hexafluorophosphoric acid exceed 25 ℃ and the amount of oleum is 110% to 125% that of stoichiometry so that the content of phosphorus pentafluoride can be achieved 90%; the time and temperature of heating hexafluorophosphoric acid influenced both the yield and the content of phosphorus pentafluoride, and the optimum time should be about 30 minutes and the proper temperature was 148 to 153℃; when alcohol used asrefrigerant, the content of phosphorus pentafluoride was 94.03%, and the content can be up to 97.38%, provided that using liquid nitrogen as refrigerant.

通过实验发现，氟化氢用量与五氟化磷的产率成正比，最佳过量百分率宜在35％左右；发烟硫酸的滴加速度不能使中间产物温度大于25℃，发烟硫酸用量大于理论量10％～25％时，得到的五氟化磷纯度高于90％；六氟磷酸的加热温度对五氟化磷的产率和纯度均有影响，宜在148～153℃的范围内，加热时间应在30分钟左右；用工业酒精做冷凝介质得到的五氟化磷纯度最高只能到达94.03％，使用液氮做冷凝介质可以使五氟化磷的纯度达97.38％以上。

The results showed that: 1 under the hydroponic culture established in this research, the experimental wheat plants grew well andperformed the typical architecture responses when exposed in Pi deprivation. Hemi-qantitative RT-PCR revealed that the transcriptional level of known P response gene changed dramatically; 2 In general the length of wheat root axis and the root/ shoot ratio arose when the Pi supply was deprived, however, the change models differed among different wheat genotypes. The investigation on their molecular basis would offer the useful clue for seeking high phosphorus efficiency protoplasma and gene resources of wheat.

结果表明：1在研究建立的小麦水培体系中，小麦植株生长正常并对磷饥饿胁迫条件做出发育形态建成水平的反应；半定量RT-PCR分析显示在此体系中小麦磷响应基因也在转录水平上产生显著变化；2在水培条件下不同基因型小麦对磷饥饿胁迫的反应总体上表现在根轴长度和根冠比有所提高，但不同基因型小麦的反应特点有差异；对这些反应特征的分子机理的深入分析可为有效筛选磷高效小麦新种质以及发掘磷高效基因资源提供线索。

Effect of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and soil acidification on the growth of Stylosanthes guianensis Reyan No.2

我国地表水体污染普遍严重，水环境生态质量不断恶化，影响水体正常使用功能；另外，沉积物中磷的再释放是影响水体水质的重要原因，而沉积物中的磷细菌对磷的吸收、贮存和释放在磷循环中起着极其重要的作用，为此本研究针对地表水体水质改善技术及沉积物中磷细菌作用分别进行了研究，并选择在杭州市内河进行了水质改善的技术实践，主要成果如下：(1)在室内模拟条件下，分别设置了高溶解氧7。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。