磨损

With the automatization of degree have improved in the industry, the demand of the mechanism continuity and security also have increased, the reason that cause the operation of mechanism to invalidation is the wear by the friction, which abrade the movement component and joint component.

随着工业自动化程度的提高，对机械零件工作的连续性、安全性要求也提高，而实践证明，导致机械运转失效的主要原因是由于活动构件或者联结件在摩擦力的作用下产生的磨损，磨损导致机械的运转失效，更可能引发安全隐患，这其中磨料磨损占整个磨损总量的50％，故越来越多的研究者对抗磨料磨损的材料进行了一系列的研究。

The main tool wear styles are crater wear , boundary wear and groove wear under different cutting conditions when turning 0 , while the main breakage styles are desquamate of tool rake face and tool flank .

在不同切削条件下车削加工0Cr18Ni9不锈耐热钢的刀具磨损形式主要是月牙洼磨损和后刀面磨损及边界磨损和沟纹磨损；主要的破损形式是前刀面剥离和主后刀面剥离。

The main tool wear styles are crater wear , boundary wear and groove wear under different cutting conditions when turning 0Cr18Ni9 , while the main breakage styles are desquamate of tool rake face and tool flank .

在不同切削条件下车削加工0Cr18Ni9不锈耐热钢的刀具磨损形式主要是月牙洼磨损和后刀面磨损及边界磨损和沟纹磨损；主要的破损形式是前刀面剥离和主后刀面剥离。

The discrete random height variable of worn surface is described with continuous random variables by a mathematical method.

建立了磨损表面轮廓数值化基准、用连续随机变量来描述磨损表面轮廓线高度离散随机变量，对磨损表面高度分布作了数理统计分析，研究了载荷、滑动速度及镀层种类对磨损表面几何特性的影响，将数理统计分析结果与镀层的耐磨性作了比较分析，较为完整、深入地描述了磨损表面的几何特性。

The topographical parameters have been analyzed by taking into account the thermal effect during the friction process. As the results, three kinds of typical topographical features have been observed for the worn surfaces of C G iron with various P content. Namely, C G iron with 0.05% P, 1.30% P, and 0.70% P show worn surfaces characterized by groove ridge, peak pits and their combined topography. The C G iron specimen with peak pits type worn surface topography showes the lowest wear rate and highest friction coefficient, while that with groove ridge type worn surface topography shows the highest wear rate and lowest friction coefficient. The groove ridge type worn surface has a relatively large value of surface height deviation and void volume ratio and negative large value of skewness, which is contrary to the peak pits topography.

结果表明：度销磨损表面主要呈现犁沟型、孤岛型及二者的混合型3种形貌特征，其中具有孤岛型磨损表面形貌特征的试样的摩擦系数较高，磨损率较低；而具有犁沟型磨损表面形貌特征的试样的摩擦系数最低，磨损率最高，分析表面形貌参数发现：犁沟型表面形貌具有最大的表面高度偏差和表面空隙率及高负值的表面高度分布参数；而孤岛型表面形貌的表面高度偏差和表面空隙率最小，表面高度分布参数为高正值。

UHMWPE has regular molecule chain and lower shear strength, so it improved the tribological property of PA66. When the amount of the transferring layer reached a certain value, severe plastic distortion and adhesion wear occurred, and wear resistance of the blends was related to the mechanical property of the blends. Worn microstructure changes with addition of compatibilizer. Soft UHMWPE produced from friction heating has low shear strength, and it improves the tribological property of PA66 during the friction course.

结果表明：加入MAH-g-HDPE相容剂可以使共混体系的相容性得到改善，提高共混物的机械性能；具有平整分子结构的UHMWPE有利于改善PA66的摩擦磨损性能，当摩擦偶件的转移层达到饱和状态后，共混物的耐磨性与其力学性能相关；共混物在摩擦过程中表现出严重的塑性变形和粘着磨损，但在共混体系的摩擦过程中，对摩擦磨损性能起主要作用的是受热软化的UHMWPE在磨损表面形成低剪切强度的界面层，从而使得PA66的摩擦磨损性能明显改善。

On the basis of examination of the wear behavior and worn surface morphology of the coatings after abrasive wear and erosion wear respectively, and the enhancing mechanisms of interlamellar bonding caused by unmelted carbide particles during deposition, the effects of the microstructure on its performance are discussed.

其次，在分析研究了涂层磨粒磨损和冲蚀磨损失效形貌以及未熔化碳化物颗粒对涂层层间结合强化机理的基础上，探讨了磨损机制、磨损模型的建立及涂层结构对磨损性能的影响规律。

While that of micrometer La_2O_3 particles reinforced Ni matrix composite coating is characteristic of delaminate wear and abrasive wear.

铸造热锻模具钢的高温磨损机理是氧化磨损和疲劳剥层磨损。10。而微米La2O3增强镍基复合镀层的磨损机制为剥层磨损和磨粒磨损。

From 500℃ to 550℃, the oxide scale presents a relatively compact morphology, the oxidational wear is the principal wear mechanism and the wear rate is very slow at 500℃ owing to the anti-friction effect of the oxide scale.

本文研究了5CrNiMo在400℃、500℃、550℃及600℃温度下的滑动磨损行为，利用扫描电镜，波谱仪及X射线衍射仪对磨损面形貌及成分进行了分析，结果表明：5CrNiMo钢磨损机制随温度的变化而变化，400℃时表现为疲劳剥落和磨粒磨损，500℃至550℃时表现为氧化磨损，600℃时主要是粘着磨损。

When the parameter matching of the wheel location is improper, namely, the matching between the wheel toe-in and the wheel camber angle is ill-suited, abrasion of the two wheels of the same steering axle is inside or outside simultaneously, because of wheels sideslip. However, when double-front-axle steering system failure take place, abrasion of the two wheels of the same steering axle is in the same side, and that, tyre abrasion direction of front and back steering axles is rightabout. That is to say, if tyre abrasion of front steering axle lie in the left side, tyre abrasion of back steering axle lie in the right side to a certainty, which is the rule of tyre abrasion of double-front-axle steering automobile.

当定位参数匹配不当时，同一转向轴上左右车轮的磨损部位都在内侧或外侧，原因是左右车轮在滚动的同时还要产生相向或反向侧滑；而双前轴转向汽车前、后转向轴引导汽车转向方向不一致时，同一转向轴左、右车轮的磨损部位都在同一侧，而且前、后转向轴上的车轮偏磨损方向正好相反，即如果前转向轴左、右车轮磨损部位在左侧或右侧，那么后转向轴左、右车轮磨损部位就在右侧或左侧，这是双前轴转向汽车特有的轮胎磨损规律。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。