碳酸盐岩

Many data and discussions about carbonate rock dissolution in CO2 solution have been published. In this paper, special simulation experiments were carried out in order to understand the dissolution behaviors of carbonate rocks in organic acid and H2S solution. The results show that, as the temperature rises from 20℃ to 200℃, the dissolution rate of carbonate rock in organic acid increases with temperature below 90℃ and decreases above 90℃.

CO2对碳酸盐岩储层的溶蚀作用已有不少学者进行了研究，本文则以一个全新的模拟实验方式对不同类型碳酸盐岩在有机酸和H2S水溶液中的相对溶蚀能力进行了研究，结果发现随温度从常温升高至200℃，有机酸对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀能力由弱变强再变弱，在90℃左右溶蚀能力最强。

Cathodoluminescence and δ〓O、δ〓C values of the sparites of geopetal structures within fossil brachiopods indicate that the sparcalcites were formed in equilibrium with various stages of postdepositional digenesis or catagenesis with each stage's δ〓O of interstitial water different.

3碳酸盐岩早期成岩胶结物或孔洞充填中的亮晶方解石是除腕足化石外获取碳酸盐岩原始氧、碳同位素组成的又一种常用样品。但本论文研究发现，龙门山地区碳酸盐岩的成岩后生改造具有多期多次现象，不同改造期次的流体之间存在明显的δ〓O差异，但无明显的δ〓C差别。

TheJiyang depression located in paleomonsoon climate zone in the period of the sahejieformation sedimentation, the wet and hot climate made ancient lake become deeperwater, enhanced stratification, reduced primary productivity of plankton, decreasingsedimentary velocity of carbonate, increasing sedimentary velocity of clay, fortifiedreductibility on certain degree, and then would be available for development of blackshale, dark shale and oil shale; In the contrast, the cold and dry climate lead ancientlake to shallower water, subdued stratification, increaser primary productivity ofplankton, enhancive sedimentary velocity of aphanitic carbonate, decreasedsedimentary velocity of clay, and then would be available for development calciteshale, calcite laminar shale, calcite mudstone, shaly carbonate rock, even laminarcarbonate or dolomite rock.

济阳坳陷在古近系沙河街组沉积期属于古季风气候带，在湿热的气候条件下古湖水加深，分层性增强，浮游生物的古生产力降低，隐晶碳酸盐的沉淀速率变小，粘土沉积速率加快，还原性一定程度上有所加强，有利于黑页岩、油页岩和暗色泥岩的形成：而相对干冷气候下，古湖水变浅，分层性减弱，浮游生物的古生产力增高，隐晶碳酸盐的沉积速率变大，粘土的沉积速率减慢，有利于钙质页岩、钙质纹层页岩、钙质泥岩、泥灰岩甚至纹层状碳酸盐岩、灰岩的发育。

A schematic model was proposed to illustrate the occurrences of various lithologies and lithofacies associations. The erosional surfaces on siliciclastic mudstones, funnel-shaped structure, and the exhuming of massive cold-seep carbonates exposed might have been occurred concurrently during a tectonic unstable time in SW Taiwan. The deposition of fossiliferous mudstone interfingered with the conglomerate lithofacies, and represented the rapid facies transition from siliciclastic (non-carbonate) into carbonate environment.

综合岩相观察结果，建构一个符合台湾西南部更新世珊瑚礁与基底泥岩接触关系的沉积相模式；其中，基底泥岩顶部的不规则冲蚀面、充填碳酸盐胶结泥岩砾与碳酸岩烟柱的漏斗状沉积，以及块状冷泉碳酸盐岩的出露，可能均为区域地质构造活动时期所造成；至於与含化石泥岩同时沉积的砾岩相，可能均为基底泥岩在快速浅化的过程中所沉积，标志古环境由矽质碎屑快速转变为碳酸盐环境的过程。

In consideration of the complex properties of the carbonate reservoirs in West Hubei and East Chongqing,their gas potential examination was carried out by use of the method of combining the target zone's small time window AVO analysis and AVO comprehensive response calibration with the intersection chart and AVO attribution contrasting analyses.

文章针对鄂西、渝东的碳酸盐岩储层复杂的特点，应用沿目的层的小时窗 AVO分析、AVO综合响应标定及交绘图分析、AVO属性对比分析相结合的方法来对该地区的碳酸盐岩储层含气性进行了检测，实例证明该AVO综合分析方法对碳酸盐岩储层中的油气检测是行之有效的

Carbonate rock saprolite is formed in zones of alteration and made up of travertine and residual carbonate crystals.

碳酸盐岩腐岩形成于包气带，由原岩中的碳酸盐溶解后再次沉淀形成，主要由钙华和残余碳酸盐晶体组成。

According to geological characteristics of mineral area,geological conditions of mineralization,geochemical characteristics,material sources of mineralization,mineralization patterns,as well as physical and chemical conditions of mineralization,it summarize the mineralization pattern and genesis of ore deposit of Xianghualing mining areas,considering that mineralization materials in this deposit mainly come from magma,genesis patterns of deposit include high-temperature gas-liquid Nb、Ta deposit related to albitization laying in or on the edge of granite rock bodies,median-high temperature Skarn Sn,Be deposit related to skarnized laying at the inner contact-belt of granite and carbonate rock bodies;median-high temperature cassiterite -sulphide mineral deposit related to skamized laying at outer contact-belt of granite and carbonate rock bodies and median-low temperature hydrothermal liquid Pb-Zn-Ag deposit related to silicification,fluorite, propylitization laying in wall rocks;Series of generalized magma- hydrothermal liquid type Sn-polymatellitic related to magmatic activity in Yanshan period as a whole.

通过对矿区地质特征、成矿地质条件、地球化学特征、成矿物质来源、成矿作用、矿化型式以及成矿物理化学条件的分析，总结了香花岭矿区的矿床成因以及成矿模式，认为香花岭锡多金属矿成矿物质主要来源于岩浆，矿床成因类型包括花岗岩体内及其边部产出的与钠长岩化有关的高温气液型Nb、Ta矿床、花岗岩体与碳酸盐岩内接触带产出的与矽卡岩化有关的中高温矽卡岩型Sn、Be矿床、花岗岩体与碳酸盐岩外接触带产出的与矽卡岩化有关的中高温锡石硫化物矿床以及围岩中产出的与硅化、萤石化、青磐岩化有关的中低温热液型铅锌银矿床，整体构成与燕山期岩浆活动有关的广义岩浆热液型锡多金属成矿系列

The apply of theory and technology of fluid unit in clastic rock to karsted carbonate reservoir , theoretical concept of "fracture and vug unit" is first suggested , the integrated scheme of fluid unit characteristics in karsted carbonate is performed utilize the combination of development geology ,reservoir engineering with seismic data .which provides a new way for detailed description of karsted carbonate reservoir .

运用碎屑岩储层流动单元的理论和技术，以岩溶缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层为研究对象，首次提出了"缝洞单元"的概念，提出和建立了一套缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层流动单元的开发地质、油藏工程和地震资料相结合的综合研究思路及方法，为缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的精细描述提供了新的思路。

Because of the solubility of carbonate rock,the instability of karst soil and the vulnerability of karst vegetations,the risk of water and soil loss is bigger in carbonate rock areas than in noncarbonate rock areas.

由于碳酸盐岩的可溶蚀性、所形成土壤的不稳定性及碳酸盐岩植被的脆弱性等特征，在碳酸盐岩区水土流失的风险较非碳酸盐岩区更大，水土流失敏感性受岩性的影响比非碳酸盐岩地区更明显。

Based on the analyses of the three-dimensional distribution of organic matter abundance, organic matter type and organic matter maturation, the paper points out that the carbonate rocks of evaporite platform facies of O1m5 and O1m3 Member in the middle part of the basin are better source rocks.

通过对马家沟组碳酸盐岩中的有机质丰度、类型及成熟度在三维空间分布特征的研究，指出盆地中部马五段、马三段蒸发台地相碳酸盐岩为较好的烃源岩，盆地内其余地区和层位的碳酸盐岩为较差的烃源岩。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。