碳环的

A photoresist composition including a polymer is disclosed, wherein the polymer includes at least one monomer having the formula: wherein, R1 is selected from H, linear, branched or circular alkyl with 1-20 carton atoms, linear, branched or circular alkyl with 1-20 C atom, which is perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated; and CN; R2 is alicyclic group with 5 or more carbon atoms; X is selected from methylene, aether, ester, amide and the connecting part of the carbonate; R3 is linear or branched alkylene with one or more carbon atoms or perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated linear or branched alkylene; R4 is selected from H, CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2F and perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated aliphatic group; R5 is selected from the CF3, CHF2, CH2F and perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated substituted and unsubstituted aliphatic group; n is 1 or higher integer; OR12 is OH or at least an acid unstable group selected from the tert-alkyl carbonate, tert-alkyl ester, tert-alkyl aether, acetal and ketal.

本发明公开了一种包含一种聚合物的光刻胶组合物，该聚合物包括至少一种具有下列结构的单体：其中，R 1 选自氢、具有1～20个碳原子的线形、支化或环状烷基、半氟化或全氟化的具有1～20个碳原子的线形、支化或环状烷基、以及CN；R 2 为具有5个或更多个碳原子的脂环基团；X为选自亚甲基、醚、酯、酰胺和碳酸酯的连接部分；R 3 为具有1个或多个碳原子的线形或支化亚烷基或者半氟化或全氟化的线形或支化亚烷基；R 4 选自氢、甲基(CH 3 )、三氟甲基(CF 3 )、二氟甲基(CHF 2 )、氟代甲基(CH 2 F)、以及半氟化或全氟化的脂族基团；R 5 选自三氟甲基(CF 3 )、二氟甲基(CHF 2 )、氟代甲基(CH 2 F)、以及半氟化或全氟化的取代或未取代的脂族基团；n为1或更大的整数；OR 12 为OH或者选自叔烷基碳酸酯、叔烷基酯、叔烷基醚、缩醛和缩酮的至少一种酸不稳定基团。

Generally speaking, the reaction types involvingα-oxoketene--acetals mainly include the regioselective addition-aromatization with organometallic reagents, conjugate addition-cyclization with nitrogen nucleophilicspecies, nucleophilic reactions ofα-carbon, acting as odorless dithiol equivalentsin thioacetalization, Michael additions and [5+1] annulation, as well as the synthetic applications based on the above reactions.

一般来说，基于α-羰基二硫缩烯酮化学的反应主要为：与金属有机试剂的选择性加成反应，与氮亲核体的共轭加成反应，α-碳原子的亲核性及相关反应，烷硫基作为硫醇的替代试剂的应用，α-羰基二硫缩烯酮在碳环、杂环化合物合成中的应用等。

Carbon/epoxy is one of lamination composite which is made of carbon

碳环氧是碳布与环氧树脂构成的一种层合材料，可以将该材料近似看成是由单向碳纤维增强板叠合而成的层合板。

The invention concerns a process for preparing heterocyclic carbenes of general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are identical or different and mean saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain, branched or cyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C5 alkylidene, C2-C5 alkylidine, C7-C19 aralkyl or C6-C14 alkyl groups, R3 and R4 can also stand for hydrogen or form jointly anellated, substituted or unsubstituted groups with between 3 and 7 carbon atoms and X stands for carbon or nitrogen, R3 being dropped if X is nitrogen.

本发明涉及一种制备通式Ⅰ的杂环碳烯的方法，其中在通式Ⅰ中，R1、R2、R3和R4是相同的或不同的，并且是饱和的或不饱和的，直链、支链或环状的，未取代或取代的C1－C10－烷基、C2－C5－亚烷基、C2－C5－次烷基、C7－C19－芳烷基或C6－C14－芳基基团，R3和R4可以是氢或它们一起形成具有3－7个碳原子的稠合的、取代或未取代的基团，X是碳或氮，并且当X是氮时，不存在R3。

According to the distribution of the positive charges inthe surface of the cage, it can be expected that two -OH groups finally adding at two sites which arewithin one hexacyclic ring and in different sides of equator, which is accord with the conclusion resultedfrom thermodynamics

通过寻找并分析过度态的结构，发现酸化阳离子中处于赤道带6-6类碳原子上的羟基和两极区域5-5类碳原子上的羟基都有朝邻近赤道带碳原子上迁移的可能，结合碳笼上正电荷的分布特征，预计亲核水解作用将发生在赤道异侧六员环的对位，说明考虑动力学因素，最终获得1，4-加成富勒醇的可能性最大，该结论与热力学的结果一致。

In chapter 3, general reaction of a-hydroxy epoxides were introduced. We have developed a newly gold-catalyzed ring opening reaction ofα-hydroxy epoxides containing carbon cycle. We have disclosed the rule of ring opening reaction. And the plausible mechanism was proposed.

第三章：首先介绍了α-羟基环氧化合物的反应，其次介绍了一个新的金催化的含碳环骨架的α-羟基环氧化合物开环反应，总结了反应规律，提出了可能的反应机理。

The complexing properties of compounds 10a, 10b, 11a and 11b toward alkali metal ions were studied by 〓H NMR titration, ESI-MS, UV-Vis spectra, Fluoresence spectra and liquid-liquid extraction. The results show:(1) the 1:1 complexes were formed.(2) The calix-crown 10a, 11a have a higher selectivity for Na〓 ions, whereas 10b, 11b for K〓 ions.(3) The complexing ability toward alkali metal ions was enhanced when the calix-crown have side arm carbonyl.(3) The coordination of alkali metal ions toward phenoxy, carbonyl and crown ethereal oxygens take place by rotation around the carbon-carbon bond of carbonyl and methylene.

六，用〓H NMR滴定，ESI-MS，UV-Vis，Fluorescence，液-液萃取实验研究了10a，10b，11a和11b对金属离子的配位性质，研究结果表明：1）杯芳烃冠醚衍生物同碱金属离子形成了1：1配合物，化合物10a、11a对Na〓具有较高的配位能力，化合物10b、11b对K〓具有较高的配位能力；2）在杯冠醚环的旁边引入带有羰基氧原子的基团作为侧臂参与配位可以加强对碱金属离子的配位能力；3）金属离子分别同苯酚氧，羰基氧，聚氧醚链氧发生了配位，配位过程中侧链基团涉及到了羰基碳与亚甲基碳的碳碳键的旋转过程。

The novel long carbon chain fused ring semi-aromatic nylon PA12N takes the long carbon chain aliphatic diamine 1, 12-twelve carbon diamine and fused ring aromatic serials dibasic acid 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid as raw materials and is made by the processes of salifying, prepolymerizing and polymerizing after solid phase.

它以长碳链的脂肪族二元胺1，12-十二碳二元胺和稠环芳香族二元酸2，6-萘二甲酸为原料，经过成盐、预聚合、固相后聚合制得。

The application of high speed steel roll ring in the High Speed Wire Rods Plant of Tiangang Group is introduced.

介绍了高速钢辊环在天钢高线厂应用的情况，对高速钢辊环与碳化钨辊环的优缺点进行了对比，提出了高速钢材质辊环、轧辊在轧钢厂使用的可能性。

The Raman spectra of the deposited species did not exhibit thespectral feature of buckminsterfullerene, but the hexagonal graphite and the amorphouscarbon in 〓 hybridization instead. The deposited species were desorbed and mass analyzed.

7经质量选择后的直链碳原子簇沉积在HOPG单晶面后改变了其本身的构型，主要以纯碳簇的形成存在，另外也发现相当一部分碳聚集而成芳香环，由于环状构型存在较多悬挂键，氢原子起到了饱和悬挂键的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。