碳烯

Approximately 50% of mixed C_4 hydrocarbons produced during FCC process is butene,which is a good feedstock to produce ethylene and propylene,especially propylene.

催化裂化过程中生产的混合碳4(简称为C4)中含有50%左右的丁烯，是很好的制乙烯和丙烯，尤其是丙烯的原料。

By analyzing the mechanism of isobutylene polymerization, a new catalyst for synthesis of highly reactive polyisobutylene from mixed C4 fraction was prepared.

在分析聚异丁烯聚合机理的基础上，进行了合成高活性聚异丁烯催化剂的研究，研制出了一种适用于利用混合碳四合成高活性聚异丁烯的催化剂体系，并探索了聚合反应规律。

A process for preparing the olefine sulfide includes addition reaction between sulfur monochloride and C3-C12 olefine under existance of low-carbon alcohol as catalyst to obtain addition compound, mixing it with C1-C15 haloalkane, sulfide of alkali metal, sulfur powder, and aqueous solution of emtrol, sulfurizing, dechlorinating, and refining.

一种硫化烯烃的制备方法，包括：(1)使一氯化硫和C 3 ～C 12 烯烃在低碳醇催化剂的存在下进行加合反应，生成加合物；(2)将(1)步的加合物与C 1 ～C 15 卤代烷、碱金属硫化物、硫磺粉、脂肪醇水溶液混合，进行硫化脱氯反应后，精制处理，得到硫化烯烃产品。

Two special structural features of the sulfonium salt were proved to stabilize its corresponding ylide and depress the 2,3-sigma rearrangement. One is that there is a trimethylsilyl in the end of the allylic double band. This silicon atom can stabilize a α-carbon anion and the corresponding ylide. Another is that there is hydroxy group in the beta-position of sulfonium atom. The oxygen of this hydroxy group may stabilize the sulfonium cation.

为了稳定生成的烯丙基硫叶立德，并抑制它的2， 3-sigma 重排反应，在硫叶立德结构上做了两方面的考虑：一是在烯丙基双键的未端引入硅基，利用硅原子对 a -碳负离子的稳定作用来稳定烯丙基硫叶立德；二是在硫原子的 b -位引入羟基，利用羟基氧对硫正离子的作用来稳定硫叶立德。

Three new ferrocenylmethyl-substituted indenes and cyclopentadienes were synthesized by the addition of hydrogen anion and carbon anion to fulvene and benzofulvene respectively, moreover, their structures were characterized by NMR and MS.

本文以二茂铁基富烯和二茂铁基苯并富烯为前体，通过负氢和负碳对双键的加成，合成了3个新型的二茂铁基甲基取代的茚及环戊二烯，并对其结构进行了核磁及质谱表征。

The effect of zeolites ion-exchanged by transition metals on thermal catalytic cracking reaction is studied. The product distributions of the cracking reactions catalyzed by theβor ZSM-5 zeolites exchanged with transition metals are different from that catalyzed by corresponding Hzeolites, which means the mechanism of cracking reactions has varied. Group Ⅷ metals Fe, Co, Ni and Cu, Zn are shown to be of strong catalytic activity of oxidative dehydrogenation, while Ti and Cr are not of oxidative activity. Catalyzed by zeolites or catalyst containing Ag, conversion of thermal catalytic cracking reactions and the yield of ethylene increase while the yield of propylene does not decrease. Silver can not only promote the formation of carbonium ion, but also convert carbonium ion into free-radical via redox reaction. The weak adsorption of olefins on silver reduces the occurrence of hydrogen transfer and dehydrogenation. As a result, the yield of light olefins is favored by silver in the catalyst.

采用过渡金属交换的分子筛作为催化剂，进行催化热裂解制取乙烯的反应，研究发现，在β沸石分子筛和ZSM-5分子筛中引入过渡金属后，催化热裂解反应的产物分布与相应的氢型分子筛相比有了较大的变化，说明过渡金属的加入对于催化热裂解反应的机理具有影响，Ⅷ族金属如Fe、Co、Ni和第Ⅰ、Ⅱ副族Cu、Zn表现出较强的氧化脱氢活性，产物中氢气、焦炭的产率很高，Ti、Cr则未表现出氧化作用：分子筛及催化剂中引入银后，催化热裂解反应的转化率和乙烯的产率有了提高，丙烯产率没有很大的变化，说明银在催化热裂解反应中能够促进正碳离子的生成，又有可能通过氧化-还原作用部分改变反应机理，促进了自由基的生成，并且由于银对烯烃的吸附很弱，其氢转移反应和脱氢、加氢活性比较低，有利于烯烃产率的提高。

The structures of three key active constituents are confirmed, and the structure of one main impurity β-caryophyllene is also confirmed; the wrong assignment of 13C-NMR of β-caryophyllene was firstly rectified.

不仅对榄香烯原料药的3个主要活性成分进行了结构确证，而且对原料药中的1个主要杂质成分β-石竹烯进行了结构确证，并首次对文献中β-石竹烯碳谱数据中有误的归属进行了纠正。

All of these products have the carbon-carbon linkage to the cyclopentadiene ring.

由^1H NMR、IR、元素分析等确认R和环戊二烯上碳直接相连，具有典型的碳碳连结。

Three new ferrocenylmethyl-substituted indenes and cyclopentadienes were synthesized by the addition of hydrogen anion and carbon anion to fulvene and benzo fulvene respectively, moreover, their structures were characterized by NMR and MS.

本文以二茂铁基富烯和二茂铁基苯并富烯为前体，通过负氢和负碳对双键的加成，合成了3个新型的二茂铁基甲基取代的茚及环戊二烯，并对其结构进行了核磁及质谱表征。

Results13 compounds were identified, which accounted for 100 % of the essential oil of the skins of stem. The major compositions were n-Hexadecanoic acid (46.13%); Octadecanoic acid (15.44%),-9-Octadecenoic acid (13.73%), and-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (7.79%).

结果通过计算机检索、图谱分析法鉴定出13种化合物，占总油量的100%，其主要成分为正十六烷酸(46.13 %)、十八烯酸(15.44 %)、-9-十八烯酸(13.73 %)及-9，12-十八碳二烯酸(7.79 %)。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新