碳化物

Using empirical electron theory of solids and molecules, the valent electron structures of several transition metallic carbides have been evaluated.

运用固体与分子经验电子理论计算了几种过渡族金属碳化物的价电子结构，发现碳化物的主要价电子结构参数主键键能与碳化物的熔点、硬度及生成焓之间存在着很好的相关

The iron, in which the carbide has a high chemical stability and the matrix possess a matchable oxidation resistance, can be well resistant to abrasive wear at elevated temperature. In addition, the high temperature abrasive wear resistance of the high Cr—Ni cast iron containing eutectic carbide is much better than that of 0Cr26Ni14 heat resistant steel in which no carbide exists.

结果表明，M〓C〓型碳化物的高温化学稳定性对高Cr—Ni铸铁合金的抗高温磨料磨损性能有显著的影响，碳化物的高温化学稳定性愈好，基体的抗氧化性又能与之相匹配，合金的高温抗磨性就愈好；而且，含有碳化物的高Cr—Ni铸铁合金的高温抗磨性远优于不含碳化物的0Cr26Ni14耐热钢。

And at 600℃,in addition to needle carbide,there was pearlite.

在500℃时效处理时，沿晶界形核并向晶内生长的针状碳化物与母相奥氏体之间的位向关系和在晶内析出的针状碳化物的不同；以及在晶内析出的针状碳化物可以交叉生长。

Micstructure and properties were investigated and dertermined. The results show that carbide structural inheritance of high chromium cast iron is obvious after remelt; carbide struc- tural inheritance was reduced with remelt times increasing; insulation can improve the carbide structural inheritance, but the longer insulation time was, the thicker ...

结果表明：高铬白口铸铁中的碳化物经过重熔仍存在明显的遗传现象；随着重熔次数的增加，碳化物组织遗传效应减弱，力学性能下降；保温处理可以改善碳化物的组织遗传性；过长的保温时间导致碳化物变得粗大，高铬白口铸铁的力学性能下降。

3DAP constructional atom map demonstrated that Si and Al are rejected from the alloy carbide, whereas Mn and V were inhomogeneously distributed.

非碳化物形成元素Si和Al主要分布在碳化物/基体界面处； V和Mn主要分布在碳化物内层，而Mo和Nb分布在整个碳化物区域。

The results show that the modificator Mg can cause thermodynamic undercooling , and it may absorb in the crystal faces of preferential growth of carbides, which can slow down carbides growing up on plate type and make them tend to be fine, isolated and passivated, and thus the impact toughness is improved greatly.

研究结果表明：在过共晶高铬白口铸铁结晶过程中，变质元素Mg不仅造成热力学过冷，而且Mg可能吸附于碳化物择优长大的晶面上，起到阻碍碳化物片状长大的作用，使碳化物趋于细小、孤立，且边部钝化，使冲击韧度显著提高。

The laser-cladding layeron the alloy consists of matrix phase of over-saturation solid solution γ and complexhexagonal carbide M_7C_3. Under certain condition, with fast laser scanning speed, the oversaturation solubility of elements increases in γ, and the precipitation of the complexcarbide M_7C_3 decreases, so that the microhardness increases and the wear resistance de-creases. But at slower laser scanning speed, more complex carbide M_7C_3 may precipitate, andthe wear resistance may be improved. Therefore, it is believed that the principal factor in im-provement over wear resistance is the precipitation of carbide M_7C_3, while overmicrohardness is the over-saturation solubility of elements in matrix phase.

表明：(1)激光熔覆合金层是由过饱和的γ基体相和复杂的六方M_7C_3碳化物相所组成(2)在其他参数不变的情况下，随激光扫描速度的提高，γ基体相过饱和度增大，而析出的碳化物含量减少，因而合金层的硬度升高，耐磨性有所下降；而降低激光的扫描速度，碳化物M_7C_3析出增加，有利于提高合金层的耐磨性、因此碳化物M_7C_3析出量是提高耐磨性的主要因素，而增加基体相γ的过饱和度则是硬度提高的主要因素

Some important questions are discussed, such as, the common characteristics and distinctions of the surface ripples on the (001) surfaces of the carbides, the effects of the surface ripple on the surface energy and the surficial charge distribution, the change trends of the cohesive energy and surface energy of the carbides and their surfaces, an...

讨论了不同碳化物表面褶皱的共同特征和相互差别、碳化物表面褶皱的产生对表面电子分布情况和表面能的影响、碳化物的结合能和表面能的变化趋势、以及表面能与结合能之间的关系。提出了块体结合能和表面褶皱程度两种因素共同影响和决定IVB和VB过渡族金属碳化物(001)表面能的观点。

Provided are carbide derived carbon materials prepared by thermochemically reacting carbide compounds and a halogen containing gas and extracting all atoms of the carbide compounds except carbon atoms, wherein the intensity ratios of the graphite G band at 1590 cm -1 to the disordered-induced D band at 1350 cm-1 are in the range of 0.3 through 5 when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using Raman peak analysis, wherein the BET surface area of the carbide derived carbon is 1000 m 2 /g or more, wherein a weak peak or wide single peak of the graphite (002) surface is seen at 2 = 25 DEG when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using X-ray diffractometry, and wherein the electron diffraction pattern of the carbide derived carbon is the halo pattern typical of amorphous carbon when the carbide derived carbon is analyzed using electron microscopy.

提供了得自碳化物的碳，其通过热化学反应碳化物化合物和含卤族元素的气体并提取除了碳原子之外的碳化物化合物的全部原子制备，其中当使用拉曼峰分析法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，在1590cm -1 的石墨G波段与在1350cm -1 的无序引发的D波段的强度比为0.3至5，其中该得自碳化物的碳的BET表面积是1000m 2 /g或更大，其中当使用X射线衍射法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，在2θ＝25°观察到石墨(002)面的弱峰或宽单峰，以及其中当使用电子显微法分析该得自碳化物的碳时，得自碳化物的碳的电子衍射图是代表无定形碳的晕图案。该发射体具有良好的均匀性和长寿命。可以使用比用于生产常规碳纳米管的方法更廉价的方法制备发射体。

The microsturcture characteristics of M2 cast-strip were studied with such experimental methods as metallographic analysis, SEM, XRD and TEM[0]. The effect of sub-rapid solidification on the size, type and distribution of eutectic carbides in M2 cast-strip was analyzed. The effect of heat treatment temperature and its holding time on the eutectic carbides in M2 cast-strip was explored. The eveolution of metastable phase of M2C eutectic carbide during the heat treatment period and the decomposition dynamics concerned were researched. The M2 cast-strips were rolled into thin strips and the effect of deformation ratio on carbides in M2 cast-strip was examined. Then these thin strips were comparied with those that were produced by conventional technology on carbide, hardness, red-hardness and bend strength. At last the rolled M2 cast-strips were made into saw blades and their cutting performance was experimented on in tools factories and then compared with that of similar products produced by conventional technology.

采用常规金相、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及透射电镜等实验研究了M2高速钢铸带的凝固组织特征，分析了亚快速凝固对铸带中的共晶碳化物的析出类型和尺寸以及分布的影响；探索了后续热处理温度和保温时间对铸带碳化物组织的影响规律，分析了铸带中的亚稳相M2C共晶碳化物在热处理过程中的分解情况以及分解动力学；将铸带热轧成薄带，研究了压下率对铸带碳化物组织的影响，并将热轧薄带与常规工艺生产的相同规格的M2高速钢薄带在碳化物组织、硬度与红硬性以及抗弯性能等方面进行了对比；将热轧薄带加工成机用锯条后在工具厂进行了锯切性能试验，并与常规工艺生产的同类产品进行了使用性能对比。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。