碳化作用

The main gluconeogenic precursor in kidney is thought to be lactate; however, less is emphasized enantiomerically. L-lactate is a glycolysis end-product, but D-lactate is formed after detoxification of methylglyoxal, which is the main source of advanced glycation end-products.

乳酸为肾脏糖质新生的主要来源，其含有一不对称碳，故具有D-、L-乳酸两种镜相异构物，而D-、L-乳酸两者之生成相当不同，L-乳酸是糖解作用之终产物，D-乳酸为体内一醣化终产物(advanced glycation end-products)─甲基乙二醛进行去毒化反应所生成，目前缺乏对乳酸镜像异构物与肾脏糖质新生间相关的探讨。

Beijing environmental problems hold severe, and atmospheric and water pollute, soil and water loss, hot island and yawp are leading problems,and take on territorial characteristic. Based on research on relativity between urban forest and these environmental problems, urban forest can effective improve environmental quality in Beijing. And for the aim of improve environmental quality, Beijing forest overlay should attain 35% at least in citywide range, and local-areas being severe environmental problem should be provided with higher forest overlay.5. Through the study on urban forest needed capacity, Beijing's forest coverage is up to par in citywide range, but montanic forest coverage, plain covered with trees and average forest area are lacking, and CO2 and O2 balance is incapable;form the point of heat and balance CO2 and O2 balance,urban forest the city zone and suburb is lack. There is urban forest developmental potential space,but the city zone and suburb area need be compensated form urban forest in circumjacent region.6. On the based of the above results and ecological network system, the author drived whole region into city area, plain and mountain area are needed at the point of planning thoughts of running-through forests and water .

根据城市森林与北京市主要环境问题的相关性分析，城市森林在改善这些环境问题中具有重要的作用，为有效改善这些环境问题，整个北京市域范围内森林覆盖率至少达到35%，并且分布比较均匀，环境问题严重的局部区域需要不同程度增加森林覆盖率。5、通过对北京市城市森林需求量研究发现，虽然在市域范围内北京森林覆盖率达到了国家标准，但是山区森林覆盖率、平原林木覆盖率、城区人均森林面积不足；从区域热平衡和碳氧平衡角度分析，城区和郊区不能满足本区域的城市森林需求量，虽然北京市城市森林具有一定的发展潜力，整体上基本可以满足城市需要，但是这些区域需要依靠周边区域城市森林的补偿。6、根据以上的研究结果，以中国森林生态网络体系建设的点、线、面布局理念为指导，以&林网化——水网化&作为优化理念，将北京市整个市域划分为城区近郊区及其辐射区域，平原区和山区三大区域，依据三大区域特点进行城市森林布局优化。

The carbothermal reduction nitridation reaction was promoted greatly after the milling of alumina for 20 hours.

研究了氧化铝球磨对碳热还原反应合成氮化铝的作用。

The effects of high-energy ball milling including the fining and mechanochemical on the carbothermal reduction nitridation of alumina were investigated.

研究了高能球磨氧化铝的细化和机械力化学作用及球磨对碳热还原反应合成氮化铝的影响。

The paper introduces the process improvement practice in production mudium carbon Fe-Cr by ladle metalling, discusses the desulphurization and recovery after improvement .

本文介绍了转炉法中碳铬铁炉外操作工艺的改进实践，讨论了改进工艺后的脱硫和贫化炉渣作用，对生产具有一定的指导意义。

Co-firing characteristics of corn stalk and stone coal in different proportion were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis. The results showed that corn stalk can improve the ignition and combustion of stone coal. The agglomeration experiments on corn stalk were made in a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed with quartz sand as bed material and stone coal ash as additive. The results indicate that stone coal ash can inhibit agglomeration of bed material particles at temperature of 900℃. Agglomerate of blends was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and the bed materials were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence. Analysis showed that aluminum element and iron element in stone coal ash can react with alkali compounds and eutectics with low melting point, form a covering layer with high melting point on the surface of biomass and quart sand particles, thus inhibit the forming and transfer of low melting compounds.

以玉米秸秆与石煤按不同比例组成的混合物为研究对象，在TG-DTG热分析仪上进行了燃烧特性分析，结果表明玉米秸秆有利于石煤的着火和稳定燃烧，对石煤有一定的助燃作用；在小型鼓泡流化床实验装置上，以石英砂为床料、石煤灰为添加剂，进行了玉米秸秆成型燃料流化床燃烧的床料黏结实验，结果表明：石煤灰能够在生物质流态化燃烧过程中有效地抑制流化床床料黏结现象的发生；通过对实验中形成的结团进行扫描电子显微镜X射线能谱(scanning electron microscopy/Energy-dispersive X-ray- SEM/EDX)，对床料进行X射线荧光光谱(X-ray fluorescence，XRF)分析，结果表明石煤灰中的Al和Fe能够与生物质灰中的碱金属化合物以及低熔点共熔物发生化学反应生成高熔点物质，并且覆盖在生物质碳颗粒与石英砂颗粒表面形成隔绝层，从而阻止低熔点物质的生成与迁移。

Various kinds of steel such as structure steel, tool steel, pipe line steel, reinforcing steel bar, common engineering steel and cast iron may be improved in their properties by vanadium nitrides and carbides.

已有的研究表明碳氮化钒添加于钢中能提高钢的耐磨性、耐腐性、韧性、强度、延展性和硬度以及抗热疲劳性等综合机械性能，并使钢具有良好的可焊接性能，而且它能起到消除夹杂物等作用，在高强度低合金钢中的应用效果更加明显。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。