碳化

All compounds are synthesized starting from the acylation reaction of gallic acid with L-glutamine to form the basic scaffold, followed by the cyclic reaction in acetic anhydride and the key intermediate cyclic anhydride (compound 4) was obtained. The intermediate compound is condensed with different amino acids or primary amines, and produces the target compounds.

本研究以L－谷氨酸为基本骨架，与甲醚化保护的没食子酸缩合后，经过酰化、环合反应得到关键中间体环状酸酐（化合物4），再经胺解反应合成目标化合物，其化学结构经过红外光谱、电喷雾质谱和核磁共振谱（氢谱、碳谱、碳氢异核多键相关谱）确证。

This paper studied the synthesis and models about the etherification reaction from isoamylene to the tert-amyl methyl ether synthesis.

分析了异戊烯醚化生成甲基叔戊基醚的反应机理及相关的反应动力学模型，以甲醇和乙烯裂解碳五为原料进行醚化反应，分别求得R-E模型、L-H模型的动力学参数。

In an identical plant, the graphitization and carbonization of both fiber surface and inside are carried out simultaneously.

本发明具有在一套设备内同时实现石墨化和纤维表面及内部的渗碳，工艺简单，得到高强度和高模量的石墨化碳纤维的优点。

Under the scanning electron microscope , for the first time we compare and study both the coalified tracheids through chemical maceration and permineralized tracheid lumen casts. This method reveals the microstructures of wall and perforations of G-type tracheids: 1 The lignified layer of secondary wall is composed of uneven material and further divided into S〓, S〓, S〓 layers; with the smooth enclosing wall, the perforation is internally dumbbell-shaped; 2 In Huia gracilis, the enclosing wall of tracheidal perforation contracts and possesses secondary perforations. The perforation has thickened border facing the tracheid lumen.

本文首次在扫描电子显微镜下对比研究经化学浸解获得的碳质管胞和矿化的管胞腔铸体，明确揭示出了G-型管胞壁层和穿孔的显微结构：1）Hsüa reflexa次生壁木质化层的组成不均一，分为S〓、S〓和S〓层；穿孔腔为哑铃形，腔壁光滑；2）Huia gracilis的穿孔腔收缩，腔壁上发育次级穿孔，孔口具有边缘加厚。

In paper effect of oxygen and carbon action on minority carrier lifetime in thermal process of mc-Si cell and properties of Si_3N_4 film and effects of antirefle-ction and passivation were studied.

为此本文重点研究了多晶硅片在电池制造热工艺中氧碳的行为及其对少子寿命的影响；并研究了氮化硅薄膜的性能及对多晶硅电池的减反射及钝化作用。

The titled compound as an intermediate for preparing muscone is obtained by reacting a tetradecanedioic acid as the starting material with a chlorinating agent——chlorosulfoxide,followed by reacting the resultant reaction product on halogenomethylzinc .

采用直链十四碳二元酸为起始原料，先以氯化亚砜进行酰化，所得酰氯直接与甲基锌试剂反应进行甲基化，从而制得了合成麝香酮的重要中间体2，15-十六烷二酮，产物结构经1HNMRI、R确认。

The effects of molar ratio of linoleic acid and ethanol, temperature , and amount of ionic liquid on esterification reaction were studied and the optimal reaction conditions were obtained, that is, n :n = 4:1 , at refluence temperature, with the amount of ionic liquid equaling 42wt.

研究了环境友好的BF4离子液体催化亚油酸等高碳脂肪酸与无水乙醇酯化反应，考察了亚油酸与乙醇的摩尔比、反应温度、离子液体用量等条件对亚油酸酯化反应结果的影响，优化了反应的工艺条件。

Meanwhile, the volcaniclastic rocks were modificated by the thermal fluid activity, for example, sericitization of plagioclase, chloritization of volcanic detritus in andesitic detris tuff; in the tufaceous mud, the thermal fluid activity accelerates "maturating" of the organic carbon by heating; and the trace elements show an anomaly in the wall rocks.

同时，受热流体活动的影响，热流体对火山碎屑岩具有一定改造作用，如在安山质岩屑凝灰岩中，斜长石绢云母化、火山岩岩屑绿泥石化明显；在凝灰质泥岩中，热流体对围岩中有机碳具有明显的"催熟"加热作用，微量元素则出现异常现象。

In the occurrence of arcs discharges, spark discharges and corona discharges, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) would be decomposed to complicated byproducts such as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), etc.

六氟化硫（SF6）气体在电弧、电火花和电晕放电的作用下会发生分解，产生二氧化碳（CO2）、四氟化碳（CF4）等分解产物。

Sialon powders have been synthesized by carbonthermic and aluminothermic reduction and nitridation from natural Kaolin. The cost is 2030 times lower than that forming pure β′-Sialon from artificial materials.

首次以天然高岭土为原料，通过碳热还原氮化和铝热还原氮化两种途径制备β'-Sialon粉体，它比用合成原料制备的纯β'-Sialon成本下降20－30倍。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。