碳化

Which is made up of long carbon chain by N-alkylation or acylation,The surface activity is greatly enhanced because of structure of borate surfactants and the basic property of long carbon chain.

它们将长碳链通过N烷基化和酰化联接在一起的一类含硼表面活性剂，由于是含四配位硼氧杂环结构的表面活性剂和结合长碳链的基本性质从而极大的提高了表面活性。

The surface of the MWNTs treated by acid could graft triethylene-tetramine groups successfully by amidation route.

酸处理的碳管经进一步酰胺化反应可在表面接枝三乙烯四胺，实现碳管的胺功能化。

In this paper the study on optimizing the esterification of cellulose and some character of CAB(the degree of substitution of cellulose, solubility, the thermal properties and molecular weight) was discussed. The mechanism of the esterification of cellulose in butyric acid/ acetic acid/ butyric anhydride which comprises the creation of the acetic butyric anhydride, acetyl cation and butyryl cation was investigated by the study of the effect of the content of the organic acid and anhydride on the degree of acetyl and butyryl substitution of cellulose.

最后本文根据纤维素在丁酸/乙酸/丁酸酐中的酯化反应中有机酸以及酸酐的添加量对最后产物纤维素醋酸丁酸酯中乙酯或者丁酯取代度的影响，提出纤维素在丁酸/乙酸/丁酸酐中的酯化反应经历一个混和酸酐以及乙酰碳正离子、丁酰碳正离子的生成过程。

The effect of technical parameters on nitrogen content in vanadium carbonitride is investigated.

研究了一步法合成碳氮化钒的生产工艺及工艺参数对碳氮化钒氮含量的影响。

The retention mechanism of dencichine on a porous graphitic carbon column seems to be mainly hydrophobic interaction according to the study.

对三七素在石墨化碳柱上的保留及其影响因素的研究结果表明：三七素在石墨化碳柱上的保留机理仍主要是疏水相互作用。

Considering the curvature effect on hooping of nearest-neighboring carbon atoms of armchair carbon nanotubes, the energy band, density of state and velocity of electron of armchair SWNT were analytically derived by using the tight-binding model and Born-Karman boundary condition.

在考虑曲率效应对扶手椅型碳纳米管最近邻碳原子交叠积分影响的情况下，利用紧束缚模型和玻恩－卡门边界条件解析地推导扶手椅型SWNT的能带、态密度和电子公有化运动速度，对扶手椅型SWNT电子性质的分析发现：考虑曲率效应后扶手椅型SWNT仍然是金属管，但其能带的总能减小，其态密度的导电平台变窄且其电子公有化运动速度变小。

Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was prepared by chlorinating terephthalic acid, oleumsolvent and iodine catalyst. Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was acylated by sulphurous oxychloride in the presence of DMF to form tetrachloroterephthaloyl chloride. The acyl chloride product was fluorinated by potassium fluoride and esterified by methanol to synthesize dimethyl tetrafluoroterephthalate. The ester was reduced with potassium borohydride and lithium chloride to give tetrafluoroterephthalyl alcohol. The above product was bromated in the hydrobromic acid to obtain 4-bromomethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol. 4-Methyl-2,3,5,-6-tetrafluorobenzene ethanol was obtained by reducing the bromide with magnesium. In the exist of DCC and DMAP, tefluthrin was got by the condensation reaction between 4-methyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol and-(1RS,3RS)- 3-(2- chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl cycolpropanecar-boxylate acid.

对苯二甲酸与氯气在碘存在下以发烟硫酸为溶剂进行氯化制备四氯对苯二甲酸；再以DMF为催化剂与二氯亚砜反应生成四氯对苯二甲酰氯；以氟化钾为氟化剂，环丁砜为溶剂置换氟化，再与甲醇酯化得到四氟对苯二甲酸甲酯；以KBH4-LiCl为还原剂二甲醚为溶剂反应制得四氟对苯二甲基苄醇；以氯苯为溶剂在溴化氢溶液中溴化得到溴化产物；在乙醇溶液中经镁粉还原得到4-甲基-2，3，5，6-四氟苄醇；甲基苄醇与功夫酸在催化剂二环己基碳二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶作用下缩合得到七氟菊酯，总收率达43.6%。

On the other hand, reaction of lactol derived from D-mannose and D-glucose with Grinard reagent of propargyl bromide also proceed both withanti stereoselectivity and with high anti-specificity.

链增长及目标分子中的碳碳双键是由一步Wittig反应和一步末端炔的烷基化再部分氢化而获得，双键构型-选择性可达到95％以上。

The properties such as high hardness,low friction coefficient,excellent wearability and photics properties,can provide the profound foundation for the application of carbon nitride materials in many fields.

许多研究小组已经合成出具有独特性能的氮化碳，其高硬度、低摩擦系数、良好的耐磨性、较好的光学性质等对氮化碳在广阔领域里的应用提供了坚实的基础。

Seven of them have not been reported.Their structures were confirmed by IR,~1HNMR,MS,and element analysis. 4.Meanwhile,the green methylation procedure of imides was developed by using dimethyl carbonate as methylation reagent.A series of imides,for example,phthalimide,3,4-dibromo-maleimide and succincide were used for substrates.The effects of DABCO(1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane)and DBU(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene)as a catalyst in this kind of reactions were investigated.2-Bromo-3-(1-methylindolyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione was prepared by using dimethyl carbonate,which further expanded the use of dimethyl carbonate,as a green agent in organic synthesis.

在以硫酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺进行N-甲基化反应合成3，4-二溴-N-甲基马来酰亚胺的同时，以碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、琥珀酰亚胺等酰亚胺类化合物的N-甲基化反应进行了研究；考察了1，4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷，1，8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、碳酸钾和四丁基溴化铵等作为催化剂对碳酸二甲酯N-甲基化反应的反应时间和收率等的影响，并应用碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，合成了N-甲基-3-溴-4-(1-甲基-吲哚-3)-马来酰亚胺。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。