碳

A suspension of carbon nanotubes as a nanofluids was prepared by dispersing carbon nanotubes into deionized water. The effects of several typical kinds of surfactants such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and emulsifying agent OP on the stability of the nanofluid were studied by stationary and centrifugal tests with sample morphologies characterized by SEM and TEM.

在水中加入碳纳米管制备了含碳纳米管悬浮液，研究了几种典型类型的表面活性剂：十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵及乳化剂OP对纳米流体稳定性的影响，通过静置和离心分离等手段研究了其稳定性，并采用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对样品的形貌进行了表征。

Two kinds of high alcohol acrylates were prepared by octadecyl alcohol and hexadecyl branched alcohol,respectively.The polymers of depressants were prepared by maleic anhydride-styrene-higher alcohol acrylates.By using these depressants,the pour points of the Liaohe crude oils were lowered form 30℃ to 20℃.

分别采用碳十八直链醇、碳十六支链醇与丙烯酸合成烷基酯，将烷基酯再与顺丁烯二酸酐、苯乙烯聚合制备的三元共聚物，对辽河油田的高凝原油的降凝效果进行了评价，实验发现这两种聚合物对凝固点为30℃原油都具有较好的效果，降幅可达10℃左右，但对凝固点为41℃的原油较差分别为3℃和6℃。

The experimental condition of α-hexylene prepared by o-hexanol dehydration employing a zinc aluminate catalyst was studied in this paper.

本文采用锌铝盐作为催化剂，对正己醇脱水制备α-己烯的实验条件进行了研究，以期能拓宽高碳醇的使用领域，对高碳醇的综合利用进行进一步探索。

In this case, the solidification of the liquid phase formed at the hipping temperature led to the formation of crystalline intergranular phases at all temperatures: however, the chemical compositions of the intergranular phases formed in the specimens with and without carbon additions were different, since for high carbon contents the resulting intergranular phase was observed to be richer in Yttrium(85% at Y/15% at Si).

在这种情况下，加压温度下液态产物的凝固在所有温度范围下都将生成间粒晶体：但是，是否添加了碳则将会使产物晶体的化学成分发生不同，因为在高碳含量下，产物晶体会更富含钇(85%Y比15%Si)另一方面，我们必须强调的时，如果Al2O3作为第三方物质加入反应混合物粉末中，那么产物晶体的结晶度将被破坏。

Considering the curvature effect on hooping of nearest-neighboring carbon atoms of armchair carbon nanotubes, the energy band, density of state and velocity of electron of armchair SWNT were analytically derived by using the tight-binding model and Born-Karman boundary condition.

在考虑曲率效应对扶手椅型碳纳米管最近邻碳原子交叠积分影响的情况下，利用紧束缚模型和玻恩－卡门边界条件解析地推导扶手椅型SWNT的能带、态密度和电子公有化运动速度，对扶手椅型SWNT电子性质的分析发现：考虑曲率效应后扶手椅型SWNT仍然是金属管，但其能带的总能减小，其态密度的导电平台变窄且其电子公有化运动速度变小。

The results showed that soil organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon and humin decreased gradually. Extracted humic substances presented an increasing trend at first and then decreased. Relative proportion of humic acid in HE decreased at first and then increased during the initial stage of corn stalk decomposition, which indicated that the formed rate of fulvic acid was faster than HA. Then PQ dropped gradually and reached stabilization, which indicated that FA and HA transformed into each other for some time and then reached balance.

研究结果表明：随着培养时间的延长，土壤有机碳、水溶性有机碳、胡敏素逐渐减少，可提取腐殖物质先增加后下降，可提取腐殖物质中胡敏酸的相对比例则在玉米秸秆分解初期表现为先减少后增加、最后趋于稳定，表明富里酸和HA经历了一段相互转化的过程后达到了动态平衡。

Based on biological experiments, mango glycoside is used as raw material; under the condition with phenol and hydroiodic acid, carbon-carbon bonds are broken to produce the crude product of mango aglycone; the crude product is separated and purified through silica gel column chromatography so that the mango aglycone is separated; the yield rate reaches 12 percent, the purity is higher than 95 percent, and the reproduction performance is good; the IGTT of C57BL/6 normal mice is effectively improved with the norathyriol; and simultaneously the quantity of insulin secretion induced by glucose in vivo for the C57BL/6 normal mice can be improved with the norathyriol.

通过生物学实验证明，本发明所涉及的以芒果苷为原料，在苯酚和氢碘酸条件下，使得碳-碳键断裂，制备得到芒果苷元粗品，再通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到芒果苷元的方法使得其产率可达12％、纯度大于95％，且重现性好；norathyriol可使C57BL/6正常小鼠IGTT有明显改善；同时norathyriol可提高C57BL/6正常小鼠体内葡萄糖诱导的胰岛素分泌量。

This paper reviewed the research on dynamic and balance of soil nutrient pool under long-term fertilization conditions,mainly about some active aspects which included dynamic variations of total nitrogen,available N,total phosphorus,available P,total potassium,available K,and organic carbon in soil; dynamic variations of ammonium N,amino acid N,amino sugar N,unknown N,non hydrolyzable N and microbiomass N in soil nutrient pool; changes of Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P,Fe-P,O-P,labile organic P,moderately labile organic P,moderately stable P,highly stable P and microbiomass P in soil; changes of loosely,stably and tightly combined humus,humic and fulvic acids in soil carbon pool; effects of long-term fertilization on organic-mineral complex status in soil; nutrients cycling and balance of agricultural soil nutrients pool.

扼要地概述了国内外近年来关于长期施肥条件下土壤养分库的动态与平衡方面的研究成果。主要介绍并讨论了土壤氮、磷、钾养分全量及有效量的动态变化，土壤有机碳含量的动态变化；铵态氮、氨基酸态氮、氨基糖态氮、酸解未知态氮、非水解残渣氮及微生物体氮在土壤氮库中的动态变化；Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P、Fe P、闭蓄态磷，活性有机磷、中度活性有机磷、中稳性有机磷、高稳性有机磷及微生物体磷在土壤磷库中的动态变化；土壤碳库中松结态腐殖质、稳结态腐殖质、紧结态腐殖质以及富里酸和胡敏酸的动态变化；长期施肥对土壤有机无机复合状况的影响；农田土壤养分库的养分循环与养分平衡。

Its solution behaviors are similar to and even better than those of corresponding polyelectrolytes singly modified with the same hydrophobe to the added surfactant.

通过溶液共聚，将碳氢和氟碳这两种疏水单体无规地接枝到聚电解质主链上，得到的这类混合改性的聚电解质无论与碳氢小分子表面活性剂还是与氟碳小分子表面活性剂作用均表现出和同种大分子表面活性剂与小分子表面活性剂作用时相似甚至更好的缔合情形。

The tribological properties of carbon film s prepared by IBAD technology are investigated with self-made ball-on-disk film tester and compared to the CrN-Cu layer.

采用自制薄膜球盘磨损试验机，研究用IBAD技术制备碳膜的碳膜的摩擦学性能，并与CrN Cu膜进行对比。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。