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The C atom in ideal graphite crystals is hybridized in sp^2 orbital and forms covalent bonds with adjacent 3 other C atoms. The graphite crystals consist of stacks of parallel hexagonal net planar layers. These layers are integrated with Van der Waals attraction.

理想的石墨晶体是由碳原子以sp^2杂化轨道和邻近的三个碳原子形成共价键，构成六角平面的网状层片结构，层片之间以Van der Waals力相结合。

The single spots imply that carbon atom of the in-plane of 奊ICs is put in the order of the hexagonal net of graphite. Compared with the size of carbon atom, the triple spots of chloride signify that there are three sizes of the molecule of cupric chloride.

EGICs层面内碳原子层原子排布保持了石墨六角网格状的特点；氯化铜分子相对碳原子层分布有三种堆垛方式。

The formed long and linear chain alkyl benzene changes into benzene methyl and alkene through β-scission and monomolecular homolysis, and then benzene methyl shifts to the position of α-Carbon in the long chain alkyl benzene through H-transfers.

已形成的长直链烷基苯通过β分裂、单分子均裂形成苯甲基、烯烃，苯甲基通过氢转移到长链烷基苯的α碳上，烯烃再与α碳结合形成带支链的烷基苯。

Compared to routine inoculation method, total organic carbon, dissolved organic matter of TSCT decrease by 6.37%, 6.57%; and humic substance, humic acid, and humification index of TSCT increase by 8.61%, 16.75%, 18.40% at 336 hours of composting, respectively.

结果表明，在堆肥336 h，与普通接种法比较，三阶段温度控制接种法堆肥总有机碳、水溶性有机碳含量依次降低6.37%、6.57%；而腐殖质、胡敏酸、腐殖化指数分别增加了8.61%、16.75%、18.40%。

Hydrogen cyanide is thermodynamically favored under partial oxidation conditions (i.e., steam-to-carbon ratio of 0.00) at high temperatures and low oxygen-tocarbon ratios.

氢氰酸的生成在高温和低的氧－碳比的相对氧化性（如：蒸汽－碳比为0.00）的条件下动力学有利。

After that, we introduced a new approach to synthesis of valiolamine, by a series of reaction to the carbon-carbon double bond from the substrate of valienamine, including epoxidation, hydrogenolysis and so on, and obtained the aim product finally.

在完成上述合成路线后，本文通过提出了一条全新的合成伏格列波糖重要中间体valiolamine的路线，即采用对底物valienamine中的碳-碳双键进行环氧化、氢解等一系列反应，成功地制备出所需的中间体，研究全新的合成伏格列波糖的路线，研究结果证实：该新路线已经被打通。

Abundant data of hydrography, chemistry and biology were gained, based on which the behaviour and biogeochemical characteristics of DIC in seawaters of these two areas were investigated.

作为地球表面最大的碳库，海洋在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用，并在一定程度上决定了全球气候变化与全球海洋生态系统的变化走势。

The invention use an alcaligenes faecalis as a fermentation strain, using sucrose or glucose commonly used in food industry as carbon source for microbe cultivation, using conventional chemical fertilizer in the agricultural production as nitrogen source and inorganic salt, the medium of microbial growth is prepared by auxiliary yeast powder, aerobic fermentation is processed in the conditions of 30 DEG C, 1.0vvm, 500r/min ventilatiing and stirring, adding specially supplementary food fluid in the fermentation course achieves the following aims:(1) controlling the penetrating pressure of the broth in the hypotonicity condition;(2) controlling the pH of the broth between 4.0 and 7.0;(3) providing abundant nutritious matter such as carbon source and nitrogen source for microbial growth, obtaining Weilan gum broth after 72 hours, obtainin Weilan gum product by drying in 95-115 DEG C and atmospheric pressure.

本发明以一株粪产碱杆菌为发酵菌种，使用食品工业中常用的蔗糖或葡萄糖作为微生物培养的碳源，以农业生产中常用的化肥作为氮源和无机盐，辅以酵母粉配制微生物生长的培养基，在30℃以1.0vvm、500r/min通风搅拌条件下好氧发酵，发酵过程中流加特殊配制的补料液以达到以下目的：(1)控制发酵液的渗透压处于低渗条件；(2)控制发酵液的pH处于4.0～7.0之间；(3)为微生物生长提供丰富的碳源和氮源等营养物质，经72小时得到威兰胶发酵液，在95℃～115℃下常压干燥得到威兰胶产品。

The furnace gas is applied with the ideal gas state equation.

为了改善大型渗碳炉的均匀性，本文应用数值计算方法研究圆筒形井式渗碳炉炉膛内的流动传热过程，假设炉内流场满足定常、不可压缩轴对称条件，炉内气体可以应用理想气体状态方程。

Effect of cerium on the ignition point of AZ91D magnesium alloy;2. Probe to the definitions of ignition point and self- ignition point and their relation;3.1 could reduce the carbon ignition point to 380 ℃ and was of a remarkable.

1制备的催化剂能使碳的起燃点降低到380℃左右，且去除碳效果明显，在此基础上，减少钾的含量或增加钙的含量，都会使催化剂的活性有所降低。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。