碳

Based on the above research, we analyzed regional metallogenic conditions from geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Considering regional strata, some source beds with ore-bearing strata controlled apparently metallogenesis. The strata contained hydrothermal siliceous rock or siliceous albitite ether formed some favorable source beds and established substantial foundation for later diplogenetic metallogenesis e.g.

从区域地层上来看，含特殊层位的矿源层对成矿有明显的控制作用，其中含热水沉积成因的硅质岩或硅质钠长质岩的地层或形成有利的矿源岩，为后期叠生成矿奠定物质基础，或直接形成工业矿床；另外，区内黑色页岩（包括碳质板岩、碳质泥岩、碳质页岩和含碳钙质板岩等）也是很好的矿源层。

The palladium-catalyzed allylation is a powerful tool for C-C, C-N, and C-O bond formation, which has been widely applied to organic chemistry.

藉由钯催化烯丙基化反应合成碳—碳键、碳—氮键和碳—氧键是非常有利的方法，主要是因为它在有机化学上广泛的应用性。

The palladium-catalyzed allylation is a powerful tool for C-C, C-N, and C-O bond formation, which has been widely applied to organic chemistry.

而利用金属钯当作催化剂来进行烯丙基化反应，形成碳-碳键，碳-氮键和碳-氧键，在有机化学中是很广泛的合成方法。

While the rate of the carbon index and carbon management index on the study plot to on the arborvitae is 28% and 43% respectively.

采用时空互代法，以黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域生态恢复过程中不同年限的人工柠条和沙棘林为研究对象，选取坡耕地和天然侧柏林为对照，分析了植被恢复过程中土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、非活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的演变特征。

With Zhifanggou watershed under typical erosion environment as study plot, the abandoned in different time as subjects, and slope cropland and natural Chinese arborvitae stand as CK, the substitution method of space for time was applied to analyze organic carbon, active organic carbon, non active organic carbon and evolvement of carbon pool management index in the period of ecological restoration.

：采用时空互代法，以典型侵蚀环境纸坊沟流域生态恢复过程中不同年限的撂荒地为研究对象，选取坡耕地和天然侧柏林为对照，分析了植被恢复过程中土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、非活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的演变特征。

In order to determine organic storage and its space distribution characteristics in paddy field of region, on the basis of second soil survey database, the space databases in unit of soil local type were set up by adoption Arcview software, integrated with GIS software, basined on soil type methods and region scale, the distribution of soil organic carbon storages in purple paddy soil of Chongqing were investigated. The results showed that the storage of SOC in Banan district of Chongqing was 6.48×10^6 t and average SOC density in Banan district with 8.31 kg/m^2 was higher than that of China.

为了明确区域稻田土壤碳库蓄积量及其空间分布特征，以全国第二次土壤普查数据资料为基础，运用地理信息系统软件Arcview建立研究区以土种为单位的空间数据库，结合GIS空间分析功能，基于土壤类型法估算重庆市巴南区稻田土壤有机碳储量及其空间分布特征，结果表明：研究区稻田土壤有机碳总储量约为6.48×10^6t，平均土壤有机碳密度为8.31kg/平方公尺，略高于全国平均水平。

The results show that the formation of dry gas is abided by reaction mechanism involving the cleavage of pentacoordinated Carbonium ion which is formed by the protonation of alkanes over acidic catalyst.

结果表明，烷烃分子首先在催化剂酸性中心作用下发生质子化反应，烷烃分子链上易受到氢质子进攻的位置一般在其叔碳原子或碳链中心碳原子附近的C—H键或C—C键处，形成两种反应过渡态物种——五配位正碳离子H-Carbonium和C-Carbonium。

The achievement of this project can be briefly summed up as following:(1)the carbon contributing to karst processes mainly comes from ecological system itself under the condition of existence of vegetation and soil covers;(2)results indicates that the depositing processes of rainfall to CO2 is an important "sink" to global carbon cycle;(3)owing to the differences of vegetation and surface covering, the adjusting effect of ecosystem to environmental humidity, temperature and CO2 concentration near surface air which indicates different benefit of preventing water and soil from lose is marked;(4)the preponderant species of vegetation in the karst ecosystems which have different kinds of carbonate rocks are obviously variant, and this situation results to the clearly differences of the micro － habitat , structure of surface cover and water holding capacity;(5) the relevant study showed that the carpophagous animals and birds make a important role in the spreading of vegetation seeds. The designed experience for the study of seed reservoir was not able to obtain a satisfactory result.

主要研究成果包括：通过对表层系统碳库的研究，认为在有土壤和植被覆盖时，岩溶作用过程中的碳主要来自生态系统本身而不是母岩；降雨对大气碳具有重要&沉淀&作用，是碳的一个重要汇；不同植被类型表层岩溶系统对系统水份、空气湿度、气温、土温和近地表 CO2浓度等具有明显调节作用，具有不同的水土保持效益；不同母岩的岩溶生态系统的植被优势种、属差异明显，由此形成的小生境、地被物及其持水性差异巨大；对典型岩溶表层系统种子库的试验研究没有取得满意结果，但食果动物、鸟类对种子传播起到一定作用。

The crystallitic carbon was prepared from anthracite by demineralization and carbonization,then the magnesium/carbon nanocomposites for hydrogen storage were manufactured through reaction milling of the mixture of magnesium,crystallitic carbon and aluminium under hydrogen atmosphere.

将无烟煤进行脱灰和碳化，制备微晶碳，再将微晶碳和铝添加到镁中，用氢气反应球磨法制取镁/碳纳米复合储氢材料。用透射电子显微镜、选区电子衍射、X射线衍射和差示扫描量热分析对储氢材料的粒度、晶体结构和放氢温度进行了测定。

Steelmaking Plant can be reduced to 20ppm by increasing argon flow of RH degasser and controlling vacuity According to the above results, the main efforts to develop IF steels have been made at No 3 Steelmaking Plant.

研究结果表明：钢水增碳主要在大包中发生，影响钢水增碳的主要因素是钢液与包壁接触面积与钢水体积之比，在高温下，耐火材料中CO的压力和钢水中Als的含量对钢水增碳也有一定的影响；钢水脱氧后将增硅，钢水的增硅量主要受大包渣的碱度、中包绝热板材料和中包保护渣碱度的影响；通过增大RH真空处理装置的氩气流量和控制真空度，能将三炼钢厂大包钢水的碳含量降到20ppm左右。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。