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To produce super low carbon steel which final carbon content is lower than or equal to 13×10~(-6),factors which effect decarburization were analyzed thermodynamically and kinetically,and measures were taken to further reduce the final carbon content of IF steel ,preparing for mass production of super low carbon steel were proposed.

本文简单介绍了宝钢股份宝钢分公司炼钢厂为生产成品碳≤13×10~(-6)的极低碳 IF 钢，分析了 IF 钢脱碳的热力学和动力学条件，阐述了进一步降低成品碳采取的对策措施和达到的效果，为大批量生产极低碳钢提供指导。

When replacing, firstly, demount the shelters at both ends and the collet of silicon carbide rod, then take out the damaged silicon carbide rod, to be careful when install it, for the silicon carbide rod is easy to be broken. The parts of both ends exposed out of the furnace plate shall be equal, and the collet must be firm, make it well contact with the silicon carbide rod.

更换时先卸下两端保护罩与硅碳棒夹头，然后取出已损坏的硅碳棒，由于硅碳棒易断，安装时须小心，两端露炉壳外部分应相等，夹头必须紧固，使之与硅碳棒接触良好。

Density Functional Theory in connection with accurate LCAO basis sets and norm-conserving pseudopotentials were used to study two issues which are (1) The Selective Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Diazonium Radical and (2) The Molecular Dynamic Simulated IR Spectrum of Adsorbed C3H3 and I on the Ag(111) Surface.For the first, we investigated (1) NO2C6H4 direct addition (2) NO2C6H4N2 dissociative addition reaction on semiconductor (8,0), metallic (9,0)and(5,5) carbon nanotubes.

第一部分模拟的结果显示，在半导体性质(8，0)和金属性质(9，0)、(5，5)奈米碳管上，硝基苯自由基(NO2C6H4)的直接加成反应於不同导电性质的奈米碳管间不具有选择性，而硝基苯重氮化合物自由基(NO2C6H4N2)的解离吸附反应会选择性的与金属性质奈米碳管发生反应，因为在金属性质的系统中，奈米碳管於过渡态时会藉由电荷的转移来稳定过渡态的结构，进而帮助反应更快的进行。

Three types demand including emission line,transaction and investment of carbon emission right are expounded,and three endogenous variable s including use value,use quantity and production technology and their influence on the firm demand of carbon emission right are analyzed.

提出并分别阐述二氧化碳排放权的排放额度需求、交易需求和投资需求3种概念，分析了使用价值、使用数量、生产技术水平等3个内生变量对企业碳排放权需求的影响；并论述了利益集团影响力、替代能源、交易价格和碳税等4个外生变量对企业碳排放权需求的作用机制，以及政府进行宏观碳排放权配置时应考虑这些变量的影响。

The first ethynyl group is reacted with the first reactive group in a first carbon-carbon bond formation reaction and the second ethynyl group is reacted with the second reactive group in a second carbon-carbon bond formation reaction to crosslink the first backbone with the second backbone, thereby forming the packaging substrate.

在第一个碳－碳键生成反应中，使第一个乙炔基与第一个反应性基反应，在第二个碳－碳键生成反应中，使第二个乙炔基与第二个反应性基反应，将第一种主链与第二种主链交联，从而制成组装基片。

Using the data dealing method for the saturated solubility, thermodynamic properties of Fe-C-Cr melt were calculated and the temperature dependence of thermodynamic properties also obtained, and the thermodynamic analysis of de-carbonization with blowing oxygen was carried out while medium carbon and low carbon ferrochrome were smelted using high carbon ferrochrome with converter practice.

利用碳饱和溶解度数据处理方法，计算了Fe－C－Cr熔体的热力学性质，得到Cr对C的话度相互作用系数与温度的关系式，并分析了高碳铬铁转炉法吹炼中低碳铬铁时吹氧脱碳的热力学行为。

Based on a long-term experiment, the soil organic carbon, readily oxidizable carbon and microbial biomass carbon of two sequence rotation systems with spring wheat and field pea in soil layer under different tillage patterns were studied.

以长期定位试验为基础，对麦－豆轮作次序下不同耕作措施间的土壤有机碳、易氧化碳以及微生物生物量碳进行了测定，计算了土壤微生物商在各个序列中变化并对土壤各级有机碳库进行了相关分析。

In order to validate the effect of concrete carbonization accelerated by wind ,three groups of concrete beam carbonization experiment with different sections respectively (rectangle,Ttype and Ⅱ type ) were analysed. Based on the theoretical analyses and experimental results, it is concluded that the wind swirl and the fosse moat effect can also accelerate the concrete carbonization.

为了验证风对混凝土碳化的加速作用，本文分析了三种截面混凝土梁的碳化试验，依据理论分析和试验结果，得出风的旋涡和壕沟效应可以加速混凝土的碳化，完善了风加速混凝土碳化的理论。

The study has shown:(1) With increasing sediment depth and the woody giblets, the total organic carbon, the extraction of benzene , the total humic acids and the unhydrolyte are enhanced, while the hydrolyte is decreasing.(2) According to the GC-MS analysis, n-alkane,n-alkan-2-ones and n-alkanones are composed mainly of long-chains,such a result is thought to be characteristic of a herbaceous input from 2300a.B.P. n-alkanones exist in the samples may be considered as the evidence of microorganisms activity.(3) It is showed that the lipids is more sensitive to the climate change than the floristic. The proxy of the pollen spore of the peat stratum is different from the normal environment proxy. It is one of the main reasons that the sensitivity difference of the bog vegetation reacting to the climate isn't accordant with the log of the fat molecule fossil and biology fossil.(4) The transformation of the peat organic carbon is under the influence of temperature,acidity,organic material constituting, etc, and it showed the up-trend with the depth. In the short-term scale, the conversion of the peat organic carbon is effected by seasonal water,regional climate and vegetations; while in the long-term scale, it is controlled mainly by the climate.(5) According to the comparing the orderliness of organic compound,vegetation giblets with the depth to the characteristics of the peat molecule fossil with the section, in the development of this peatmire, 1500a B.P（210cm）is regard as the borderline of the late Holocene, the keynote of the front period is warm with several cold fluctuations, and the trend of the back period is dry and cold although there were several fluctuations.

研究表明：（1）随深度的增高及植物残体中木本残体的增多，总有机碳、苯萃取物、总腐植酸、不被水解物含量逐渐增高，而易水解物含量减少；（2）GC- MS分析显示，正构烷烃，直链烷基2-酮和正烷醇均以长链组分为主，揭示了该泥炭柱剖面2347a.B.P的母源输入以草本植物为主；甲基酮类和短链正烷醇的存在是微生物活性很大的生物证据；（3）通过有机分子标志物与孢粉、植物残体等指标的对比研究表明：脂类化合物对气候变化的反映要比植物种灵敏得多，不同沼泽植物对气候变化的敏感性的差异是脂类分子化石记录与生物大化石结果很难一致的主要原因之一；（4）泥炭有机碳的转化受到温度、酸度、有机物质组成等很多因素的影响，短时间尺度，泥炭有机碳的转化受季节性降水、地方气候和植被等因素的影响；长时间尺度，泥炭地有机碳的转化，受气候条件控制；（5）总结泥炭分子化石特征、泥炭有机质各组分含量及植物残体组成随深度的变异规律，分析结果显示该泥炭地层形成过程中，1500a B.P（210cm）可作为划分前后晚全新世的界线，前期的基调是气候偏暖，但又有几次偏干冷气候的反复，后期气候以干冷为主，其间虽有几次上升波动，但整体趋势不变。

Results showed that enzyme activities were significantly different, urease activity: park＞school＞residence＞industry＞road; phosphatase activity: park＞industry＞school＞residence＞road; invertase activity: residence＞park＞industry＞road＞school; But the dynamic patterns of SOC mineralization from different functional areas were similarly, the rate of SOC mineralization decreased quickly at the beginning, and then decreased slowly during the middle incubation time, and keep relatively constant during the later incubation time, and fitted to logarithmic equation with incubation time.

结果表明：不同功能区土壤酶活性差异显著，脲酶：公园＞学校＞居民区＞工厂＞道路；磷酸酶：公园＞工厂＞校园＞居民区＞道路；转化酶：居民区＞公园＞工厂＞道路＞学校；但不同功能区土壤有机碳矿化过程动态表现出相同规律，在培养前期有机碳矿化速率迅速下降，培养中期缓慢下降，培养后期保持相对稳定的趋势，有机碳矿化与培养时间符合对数关系；整个培养期内，土壤有机碳矿化速率及累计矿化量公园＞工厂＞道路＞学校＞居民区。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。