碱的

Chapter 5 covered the quantum chemistry study of the model molecule (410 atoms) of HupA- Acetylcolinesterase complex at HF/4-31G level with point charge model (1929 point charges) to simulate the environment effect on complex active site.

第五章：用HF/4-31G量子化学方法对单分子状态石杉碱甲、活化状态的石杉碱甲以及石杉碱甲-乙酰胆碱酯酶复合物的模型体系（410原子，1929个点电荷）进行了从头计算研究，指认了对于形成稳定复合物贡献最大的石杉碱甲分子的基团和酶的氨基酸残基，揭示了活性位点中水分子的重要作用。

Most importantly, with analyzing the calcined cinder by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscope, it was clear that at an appropriate calcination temperature, the activated SiO2 and Al2O3 in alkaline coal-cinder would react with the decomposed fused Na2CO3 to form a new neutral matter nepheline（NaAlSiO4）and other amorphous silicate compounds,causing an obvious reduction of the alkali content in coal-cinder.

采用X射线粉晶衍射及扫描电镜对煅烧后的灰渣进行表征，揭示了含碱灰渣煅烧脱碱过程的实质，即在适宜煅烧温度下，含碱灰渣中被活化的主要矿物质SiO2、Al2O3和熔融并分解的Na2CO3（分解为修饰网络氧化物Na2O）等发生化学反应转变为中性物质霞石（NaAlSiO4）及其他无定形复合硅酸盐，从而降低了灰渣中的碱含量。

Using four different Na_2CO_3 concentration as simulating alkaline stress,the relative alkali damage rate of rice germinative energy and germination rate at germination period,RADR of rice root length,seedling height and root number at early seedling stage were looked as evaluation indexes,so the alkaline stress concentration for evaluation of alkaline tolerance at germination period and early seedling stage in rice was studied.

通过采用4种不同浓度的Na2CO3模拟碱胁迫，以水稻发芽期发芽势和发芽率的相对碱害率以及幼苗前期的根数、根长和苗高的相对碱害率为鉴定评价指标，研究水稻发芽期和幼苗前期耐碱性鉴定的碱胁迫条件。

The proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by evodiamine and rutaecarpine with time expansion and drug concentration by MTT assay.

结果发现MCF-7和MDA-MB-231的细胞增生会随著吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱剂量的增加和作用时间的延长而被抑制，而且吴茱萸碱比吴茱萸次碱对於乳癌细胞的增生有更强的抑制效果。

To distinguish the fake whitened nephrite jades from the natural ones becomes a challenge to archeologists and antiquaries. This study mainly inquires into the reactions of nephrite during different conditions of acid/base/heat treatments, to find out the characteristics of fake whitened nephrite jade. The surface structure, whitening conditions of nephrite and elements dissolution in acid/base solutions are examined. Non-destructive Raman spectroscopy is also used to observe their crystal structure changes in each stages of treatments.

目前一般市面上玉器仿古白化的方法主要为酸处理、碱处理及热处理，因此本研究主要探讨在酸、碱处理及热处理作用之下，各阶段新鲜闪玉样品外表白化的情形、表面的显微结构变化，元素於酸、碱溶液的溶出情形，并以拉曼光谱非破坏性的分析来建立在酸、碱处理及热处理下的闪玉拉曼光谱资料。

Some prescribes about the test method of alkali aggregate and alkali-aggregate reaction have been shown in the regulations of geologic reconnoitering and the test method of the hydraulic concrete.

中国已建的混凝土大坝中，有些也含有一定量的碱活性骨料，但由于采用了低标号水泥和大量的活性混合材，因此至今未发生碱骨料破坏反应；但也有个别工程，虽经碱骨料反应的检测，并采用了一定的抑制措施，但运行20年后，在大坝溢流面混凝土中出现了碱骨料反应的微观和宏观裂缝破坏。

The alkali solution concentration and steam explosion process condition were optimized by testing the solubility of soft cellulose after steam explosion before and after treatment towards aq.NaOH with various concentration. It was concluded that the soft cellulose can dissolve in the 9% aq.NaOH solution completely under the condition of explosion pressure 3.0Mpa and explosion time 60s. At the same time, the influence of sweller-thiourea on the new aq. alkali soluble cellulose/NaOH solution was studied in this paper. The dissolving phenomena and the steam explosion mechanism of soft cellulose were discussed.

本文通过对闪爆前后软木纤维素在不同浓度的稀碱溶液中溶解度的测试分析，优化了碱溶液浓度和最佳闪爆工艺条件，得出在闪爆压力超过3.0MPa，保压时间为60s的条件下，软木纤维素可完全溶解于9％的NaOH稀碱溶液中，并且对助溶剂-硫脲对碱可溶纤维素/NaOH水溶液的增溶效果进行了研究和探索，同时也对溶解机理和闪爆机理进行了分析讨论。

Thinking of presenting problems, this research mainly studied some solid base catalysts which own higher catalysis ability and longer lifetime. Then, the phase diagram and equilibrium data of oil-alcohol-biodiesel-glycerol multiphase system were measured because the biodiesel producing process lacks of thermodynamic data.Based on a double-membranes theory and the thermodynamic data, a kinetic model was proposed. In addition, a mult-step extraction process was proposed to dispose the jatropha curcas l oil with high acid value in order to decrease the acid value. Then, a new technology of biodiesel producing using solid base as a catalyst was developed. The study objects and results are as follows.

本研究针对负载型固体碱催化剂活性组分易流失、使用寿命短的缺点，制备了高效、稳定的固体碱催化剂；针对生物柴油制备体系热力学数据缺乏的问题，测定了大豆油-醇-生物柴油-甘油体系的相图和平衡特性，在此基础上基于双膜理论，建立了固体碱制备生物柴油的动力学模型；同时针对酸价较高的麻疯果油，提出了先用甲醇或乙醇多级萃取降低酸价，再用固体碱催化制备的新工艺。

The present paper carries on the raise first to the camptotheca acuminata roots of the hair, then in the use chloroform extraction camptotheca acuminata culture medium the camptotheca acuminata alkali and so on effective component, and examines the law with HPLC to examine its effective component, the examination discovers the camptotheca acuminata secretion in the culture medium secondary metabolite besides the camptotheca acuminata alkali, the hydroxyl camptotheca acuminata alkali, the white birch fatty acid, but also includes other effective components.

本论文先对喜树发根进行培养，然后使用氯仿提取喜树培养基中喜树碱等有效成分，并用HPLC检测法检测其有效成分，检测发现喜树分泌在培养基中的次生代谢产物除了喜树碱、羟基喜树碱、白桦脂酸外，还含有其他有效成分。

Thepresent paper carries on the raise first to the camptothecaacuminata roots of the hair, then in the use chloroform extractioncamptotheca acuminata culture medium the camptotheca acuminataalkali and so on effective component, and examines the law withHPLC to examine its effective component, the examination discoversthe camptotheca acuminata secretion in the culture medium secondarymetabolite besides the camptotheca acuminata alkali, the hydroxylcamptotheca acuminata alkali, the white birch fatty acid, but alsoincludes other effective components.

本论文先对喜树发根进行培养，然后使用氯仿提取喜树培养基中喜树碱等有效成分，并用HPLC检测法检测其有效成分，检测发现喜树分泌在培养基中的次生代谢产物除了喜树碱、羟基喜树碱、白桦脂酸外，还含有其他有效成分。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。