碱性反应

In the second chapater, first-principles electronic structure calculations were performed to examine the reaction pathway and corresponding activation free energies for alkaline hydrolysis of representative phosphodiesters, including dimethyl phosphate, trimethylene phosphate, ethylene phosphate, and a simplified model of adenosine 3\', 5\'-phosphate.

第二章中主要应用量子化学从头计算方法研究了四种磷酸二酯—二甲基磷酸酯，乙撑磷酸酯，TMP阴离子及cAMP的模型化合物的碱性水解反应途径，并估算了各个反应的能垒和自由能能垒。

The results show that the brominated reaction is complete in 1.5 initial contact minutes,an...

结果表明，丁基橡胶的溴化过程只在最初的1.5min内，随着反应时间的延长及在碱性条件下反应，发生了分子结构的重排，即由溴代仲位烯丙基结构向更稳定溴代伯位烯丙基结构转移。

A basic absorption liquid neutralizes the SO2- laden waste gas, discharge the purified gas when the content of SO2 reaches the standard; microbe reduces the desulfurizing absorption tail liquid, and then the liquid is oxygenized with chemical treatment to recover elemental sulfur.

该方法是利用碱性吸收液与含SO 2 的废气进行中和反应，将废气中的SO 2 反应吸收净化达标后排放；再将脱硫吸收尾液经微生物转化还原和化学氧化处理后回收单质硫。

HPMC is prepared when a purified form of cellulose is reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to produce a swollen alkali cellulose that is chemically more reactive than untreated cellulose.

当被净化的纤维素与氢氧化纳溶液反应产生一种膨胀碱性纤维素时，HPMC就产生了，这种纤维素在化学上比没有经过处理的纤维素更易起反应。

Papers in the experimental part of our literature considered on the basis of the experimental exploration, and podophyllotoxin intermediates with the structural characteristics of a simple pepper aldehyde as the starting material,α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds are selective reduction lithium aluminum hydrogen reduction reaction as the key steps to have the Knoevenagel condensation, peracetic acid epoxy between chlorine and alkaline hydrogen peroxide epoxy, DCC condensation esterification reaction of the three podophyllotoxin intermediates.

论文实验部分我们在综合考虑文献的基础上，经过实验摸索，并结合鬼臼毒素中间体的结构特点以简单的胡椒醛为起始原料，对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物具有选择性还原的锂铝氢还原反应为关键步骤，先后经过Knoevenagel缩合，间氯过氧苯甲酸环氧化，碱性过氧化氢环氧化，DCC缩合酯化等反应合成了3个鬼臼毒素中间体。

Based on ion exchange equilibrium,the influence of eluant concentration and resin capacity on adjusted retention volumes was examined.

导出了测定离子交换反应热的方程，测定了在碳酸钠溶液中在季铵二型强碱性阴离子交换树脂上F－、Cl－、NO－2、HPO42－、Br－、NO－3和SO42－的离子交换反应热。

In this research, liposoluble chlorogenic laurate was synthesized by the acylation with lauroy chloride in the existence of alkali catalyst in non-water phase, and yellowish CGL powders with a yield of 81.24% were obtained under the optimal synthesis conditions determined via single-factor tests and orthogonal experiments, that is, carrying out the acylation at 35℃ for 8h with a n:n: n ratio of 1:1:1.5 and with dimethylformamide as the solvating agent and the thinner.

文中对绿原酸进行了改性，即在碱性催化剂催化的条件下使其与月桂酰氯进行非水相的酯化反应，得到了脂溶性的绿原酸月桂酸酯。经过单因素及正交试验，确定了最佳合成条件为：以N，N-二甲基甲酰胺作为溶解、稀释剂，绿原酸／月桂酰氯／三乙胺的摩尔比为1：1：1.5，温度控制在35℃，反应时间8h。

Histologically, the seminiferous tubules contained numerous Sertoli cells and more Sertoli-spermatozoa complexes, accompanied by the depletion of Leydig cells with deeply stained nuclei. Mature spermatozoa were stored up in the epididymis, but only a few in the efferent ducts. In the second place was testicular atrophy（32/120; 26.7%）. The seminiferous tubules showed moderate to severe inactivity of spermiogenesis with evidence of only spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The Leydig cells were obviously decreased in numbers associated with decrease of lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. Testicular hypoplasia was the third disorders（22/120; 18.3%）. Only a few spermatogonia and Sertoli cells appeared without any spermiogenesis. The associated changes was decreased in Leydig cells and fibrous hyperplasia in the interstitium.Epididymal stones were sometimes found（12/120; 10%）. Grossly, yellowish-white nodules with various sizes and firm in consistency were observed in the epididymis and the front efferent ducts. Microscopically, the epididymal ducts were dilated with voluminous spermatozoa storage, even showed calcification in severe cases. The deposited calcium salts were stained positively by Von Kossa and Alizarin red methods.Amyloidosis was also detected in 10 roosters（8.3%）. Eosinophilic, homogeneous, amyloid-like substances were deposited mainly in the testicular interstitium and the periphery of blood vessels. These substances showed positive reaction by Congo red staining. Five roosters（4.2%）had Marek's lesions in the testis, epididymis and peripheral nerves with infiltration of pleomorphic lymphocytes. Only one case showed epithelial necrosis of seminiferous tubules accompanied by fibrous proliferation in the interstitium.

结果发现，在总共搜集的120个病例中，其中因年老所导致的产精力不佳为最多，占38例（31.7%），於镜下可见大量精虫黏附於Sertoli cell的表面，并可见Sertoli cell数量明显增多而Leydig cell明显减少，且其细胞核呈现浓染的现象，而在其副睪中仍可见到成熟精虫蓄留於管腔中，但在其输精管内却只有少量精虫存在；其次为睪丸萎缩，占32例（26.7%），镜下可见中度至重度无造精作用，其生精小管中只见到精母细胞、精原细胞及Sertoli cell存在，但Leydig cell数量明显减少且其细胞质内的脂质也明显减少；睪丸发育不全，占22例（18.3%），於生精小管内只见到精母细胞及少量Sertoli cell存在，不见造精细胞分化，於生精小管间质可见Leydig cell减少并伴随结缔组织增生；副睪结石，占12例（10%），肉眼下可在副睪及输精管前段见到黄白色大小不一的结节，触感坚硬，於镜下可见副睪管扩张并有大量成熟精虫蓄积，严重时可见钙化现象，以Von Kossa及茜素红染色均呈阳性反应；类淀粉沉著症，占10例（8.3%），镜下在睪丸间质及血管周围可见粉红均质样的物质沉积，以刚果红染色成阳性反应；马立克病，占5例（4.2%），镜下可在睪丸、副睪实质及周边神经内均可见到嗜碱性大小不一的淋巴样细胞浸润；睪丸坏死，占1例（0.8%），镜下可见生精小管上皮细胞坏死脱落及间质结缔组织增生。

The effects of reaction conditions on the bleaching of epoxidized soybean oil with hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium were studied in terms of the dosage of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, reaction temperature and reaction time.

研究在碱性介质下过氧化氢对环氧大豆油的脱色工艺，考察了过氧化氢和氢氧化钠用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对脱色工艺的影响。

In the present dissertation, a surfactant-templated mesoporous silica molecular sieve with high pore volume, high porosity and narrow bimodal mesopore size distribution was synthesized for the first time in a reaction system, which was used usually in the synthesis of mesoporous MCM-41 molecular sieves, by a judiciously controlled two-phase sol-gel processing under basic conditions.

在本论文中，我们通过对一个通常用于制备介孔MCM-41分子筛的反应体系中正硅酸乙酯水解与缩合反应相对速率的精确调控，首次在弱碱性体系中合成了一种具有高孔隙率、大孔体积和双介孔孔分布特征的新型二氧化硅分子筛材料，简记为BMS，并对BMS二氧化硅分子筛中双介孔结构形成的原因及各种可能对其结构和性质产生影响的合成因素如Ammonia／silica摩尔比、组分浓度的变化、表面活性剂烷基链长度的调节、辅助有机物均三甲苯的引入、催化剂的结构和性质、溶剂和助溶剂的极性和用量、老化和干燥条件的变化及合成后水热处理等，利用不同的测试手段如XRD，SEM，TEM，〓Si MAS NMR，TG-DTA，N〓吸附测试等进行了系统的表征研究。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。