碱性化

Chronic hypoxia and MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension are associated with excess collagen deposition in pulmonary arteries; meanwhile, the muscularization of nonmuscular intra-aeinar arteries also plays an important role in maintenance of pulmonary hypertension.

1。在慢性缺氧和MCT诱发的肺动脉高压进展过程中，肺动脉壁胶原沉积过度，泡内动脉结构发生改变，动脉中层厚化，非肌性动脉肌性化。2.764-3能部分抑制胶原的过度沉积，降低缺氧性及野百合碱性肺动脉高压，从而逆转泡内动脉的结构改变。

On the basis of these principles and requirements,in this paper,a new modifier has been synthesized from pyromellitic dianhydride and thiosemicarbazide by the nucleophilic addition of anhydride,the cyclization of acyl thiosemicarbazide in alkaline solution,and the N-hydroxymethylation of the triazole-thione.

本文根据这一思路，以均苯四甲酸二酐和氨基硫脲为起始原料，通过酸酐的亲核加成反应、酰氨基硫脲的碱性环化反应、三唑硫酮环的N-羟甲基化反应合成出了一种新的N-羟甲基三唑硫酮酸改性剂。

In order to obtain versatile ulitity of host molecules, three new chiral calix [4] crown ethers containing aza, thio atoms bearing two chiral sites provided by -cysteine ester were synthesized by the condensation of calix [4] arene diacid dichloride with oligoethylene glycol bridged bis-amino acid methyl ester. All new compounds were characterized by NMR, MS and elemental analysis.

以-半胱氨酸为手性源，利用多甘醇二氯醚在碱性条件下对半胱氨酸巯基进行烷基化反应，成功地合成了多甘醇醚链桥联的半胱氨酸衍生物，醚化反应后，在高度稀释条件下与对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃二乙酰氯进行双功能基缩合反应成功地合成了新型的手性杯[4]含氮、硫杂冠醚，并利用〓H NMR、MS等谱图手段对其结构进行了表征。

The morphology of the mineral dependents on the solution characteristics. The main component of mineral was hydroxyapatite containing a little of CO32- group which the Ca/P ratio is 1.53, similar to the major mineral component of bone tissue. The porosities of the mineralized and unmineralized 3-D porous PLGA were (84.86±8.52)% and(79.70±7.70)% respectively. The biomechanical strength was 0.784±0.156 N/mm2 in unmineralized PLGA and 0.858±0.145N/mm2 in mineralized PLGA.

结果：PLGA经碱性溶液水解处理后表面亲水性明显增强，在0.5倍SBF中仅有少量矿物沉积，在SBF及1.5倍SBF中矿化后表面可以形成明显的矿化物；矿化物的形态与矿化液的浓度有关；矿化物主要成分为羟基磷灰石，含有碳酸根成分，钙磷比为1.53，类似于人骨无机质。

At last,a convergent and general protocol to marine natural product,as demonstrated by the enantioselective total synthesis of malyngamides O,P,Q,R, 5"-epi-Q and 5"-epi-R bearing terminal vinylic chloride structure,was developed in detail.E,(7S)-7-methoxytetradec-4-enoic acid was prepared using the above described Johnson-Clainsen rearrangement,the terminal vinyl chloride was constructed using Wittig reaction as key step,the pyrrolidone derivative was constructed using L-serine as natural chiral pool.Starting from the synthesis of malyngamides O and P to explore the general route,an aldol reaction of methyl acetate with the vinyl chloride part in the presence of LDA gave the skeleton of amine portion,followed by amidation with the fatty acid finished the synthesis of malyngamide P.

先以malyngamides O和P为试点探索通用合成路线，将乙酸甲酯和烯氯部分在LDA存在下进行aldol反应得到氨部分的骨架，再将手性不饱和脂肪酸和氨部分进行酰胺化反应完成了malyngamide P的合成，将P在碱性条件下进行烯醇甲基化反应完成了malyngamide O的全合成。

At the same time, the fouling mechanism of membranes given in this thesis can give a reasonable explanation on the change of membrane performance. Our results show that the magnetization of membranes can effectively improve the anti-fouling ability of the PAN- Fe_3O_4 membrane. The obtained result may give insight to the development of new membranes with a good anti-fouling performance in the filtration of blood solution. No chemical bond was found between PAN and Fe_3O_4 in the membrane at room temperature. The addition of Fe_3O_4 can improve the temperatures of dehydrogenated reaction and decomposition of PAN but dot change the glassy transition temperature. The resistance against acid is stronger than the resistance to base for a PAN- Fe_3O_4 membrane.

结果表明在PAN- Fe_3O_4超滤膜制备过程中使用外加磁场作用能有效提高膜的耐污染能力，这一结果为开发适用于血液处理的耐污染超滤膜提供了一种新途径；在PAN- Fe_3O_4超滤膜中，四氧化三铁与PAN在室温下没有形成化学键，也不存在官能团之间的相互作用；添加Fe_3O_4对膜的玻璃化温度没有影响，但能提高PAN环化脱氢反应的温度和分解温度；PAN- Fe_3O_4超滤膜的耐酸性强于耐碱性，在pH值为10以上的溶液中由于水解作用而溶解，使得膜失去使用价值，膜的耐酸性与酸的种类、浓度和氧化性有关。

In the Aldol condensation of acetone with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, two different hybrid secondary amine-functionalized mesoporous materials displayed enhanced catalytic performance in comparison to primary amine-functionalized materials. The possible reason is that the presence of organic functional groups with larger steric hindrance led to the enhanced catalytic performance of basic amino groups.

在对硝基苯甲醛和丙酮的羟醛缩合反应中，相对于一级胺功能化的材料，二级胺功能化的SBA-15展示了极大改进的催化活性，这可能是由于具有更大空间位阻效应的有机功能团的引人导致了碱性胺中心催化活性增强。

The formation of high-grade ore body has undergone a complex process.

在复杂的成矿过程中，矿床所形成的地质构造、地球物理及地球化学等特征构成清晰的找矿要素，从不同尺度和有效性的要素系统，构建出以&中基性钙碱性火山碎屑岩+高极化高重力+多级复杂褶皱构造+硅化-绿泥石化+孔雀石化&为核心的矿床综合找矿模型。

Therefore,it is necessary to develop new routes to prepare anion exchange membranes without such chloromethylation process.As for cation exchange membranes, mostly-perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers,such as Nafion~ series,have been wildly used due to their high proton conductivity and substantial durability.

对于强碱性的阴离子交换膜的制备，由于传统路线中的卤甲基化步骤中不可避免的采用强致癌物质二氯甲醚，因此无论是从经济成本还是环境保护方面，开发不采用氯甲基化步骤的阴离子交换膜制备方法是目前的一个迫切要求。

With regard to anion exchange membranes,the traditional preparation method involves a much complicated process—chloromethylation,in which the commonly used chloromethyl methyl ether and bis-chloromethylether are now considered carcinogens.Therefore,it is necessary to develop new routes to prepare anion exchange membranes without such chloromethylation process.As for cation exchange membranes, mostly-perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers,such as Nafion~?

对于强碱性的阴离子交换膜的制备，由于传统路线中的卤甲基化步骤中不可避免的采用强致癌物质二氯甲醚，因此无论是从经济成本还是环境保护方面，开发不采用氯甲基化步骤的阴离子交换膜制备方法是目前的一个迫切要求。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷