碱性

Degradation rate was influenced by pH value of the soil. The degradation of Chlorsulfuron in alkline soils was slowly, on the contrary, in acidic soils were rapidly. Chlorsulfuron in alkaline soils easy cause detrimental effects on the crops easily. 2. Many xerophyte of succeeding to wheat is highly sensitive to Chlorsulfuron. The succeeding crops will be injured if Chlorsulfuron is used in alkaline soil.

通过各项试验研究取得结果如下： 1、氯磺隆土壤残留研究表明，它在土壤中的降解主要以水解作用为主，土壤pH是影响氯磺隆在土壤中降解速率的主要因子，它在酸性土壤中降解较快，而在碱性土壤中降解较慢，因此氯磺隆农药在碱性土壤中使用易造成对后茬作物的危害影响。

Hongxing area which is locating in Yichun, southeast Heilongjiang province, is geologically at the binding site of Bulieya-Jiamusi block and Zhangguangcailing orogenic belt. The late Triassic alkali-granite of this area is composing of syenogranite, alkali-feldspar granite and sodium-amphibole and aegirine bearing alkali-granite.

黑龙江省伊春红星地区大地构造上位于布列亚－佳木斯地块和张广才岭造山带结合部位，区内出露晚三叠世碱性花岗岩，其岩石组合为正长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩、含钠闪石、霓石碱性花岗岩。

The cultural condition of PGPR strains Temperature,pH,light,cultural method,acid or alkali producing,and salt tolerance of 9 PGPR strains isolated from Gramineous Forage were tested,the results showed that all the PGPR strains could grow in the temperature range from 5℃～45℃,and optimum temperature for 178,O-6,Dry6 strains was 35℃,for X5,173,Y5,C-6 strains was 30℃,for N4 strain was 25℃～35℃,for 86 strain was 25℃;most of PGPR strains prefered to neutral or alkaline condition,strains 178,O-6,N4 and X5 were preferable to alkali condition especially;light was beneficial to PGPR's growth;all of them produce alkali;most of PGPR strains were not sensitive to NaCl concentration;all the strains were aerobiotic bacteria.

结果表明：各供试菌株对温度的适应范围较广，在5℃～45℃范围内均能生长，178、O-6、Dry6 菌株的适宜生长温度为35℃，X5、173、Y5、C-6 菌株的适宜生长温度为30℃，N4 菌株的适宜生长温度为25℃～35℃，86 菌株的适宜生长温度为25℃；大部分菌株在中性或偏碱性的条件下生长好，特别是Dry6、N4 和X5 菌株对碱性环境适应性强，在pH 值8.0 时生长最好；光照有利于菌株的生长；绝大部分菌株在3%NaCl浓度下生长良好，在5%～7% NaCl 浓度下除173 和86 菌株外，其它菌株都能生长，即对盐份的耐受性较好，且9 个菌株均为产碱菌；除173 菌株是兼性厌氧细菌外，其它都是好氧性细菌。

According to comprehensive research of lithogengesis and lithogeochemisty, all these volcanic rocks have higher alkalinity, alkalis with sub-alkalis series, normal type with akali type have coexisted, and SiO2 have oversaturated rock with under saturate.

通过岩石学，岩石地球化学分析，该火山岩整体碱度较高，碱性和亚碱性系列共存，正常类型和钾质类型共存，SiO2过饱和或低度不饱和。K2O平均含量3.4％，K2O／Na2O值多大于0.6，中基性岩Al2O3含量多大于16％。

Compare to the strong acidic soil and feeble alkalic soil condition, the effect of alkalic soil on the garlic were relative great.

同时，比较强酸性条件与微碱性条件，微碱性土壤对大蒜的生长发育和产量质量形成的影响最大，表现为明显的抑制作用。

According to the evolution characteristics of organic matter, paleogeotemperature and porous media nature, diagenetic environments can be divided into two types, i.e, acidic and alkalic ones.

根据有机质演化特征、古地温和孔隙介质的酸碱性特征，可将其划分为酸性和碱性两种成岩环境。

The general formulas of these compounds are as follows:The strobilurin derivatives were synthesized from substitutedβ-keto esters (2) as starting material which were prepared from substituted ketones (1) and dimethyl carbonate. The ester (2) and methyl hydrazine or substituted amidine were dissolved in methanol and the mixture was heated to reflux to obtain the substituted 5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole (3) or 4-hydroxy-pyrimidine (4). The title compounds were prepared by reacting the intermediates (3 and 4) with substituted halomethylphenyls which contain four active group under basic conditions.

本论文所合成的strobilurin化合物均是以β-酮酸酯类化合物(2)为起始原料合成的，该中间体(2)是由酮类化合物(1)与碳酸二甲酯在碱性条件下反应生成的，中间体(2)与甲基肼或取代脒类化合物在甲醇中回流制得取代的1H-5-羟基吡唑(3)或4-羟基嘧啶(4)，中间体(3和4)再与包含四种活性基的苄卤中间体在碱性条件下制得目标化合物。

The genera formulas of these compounds are as follows:The strobilurin derivatives were synthesized from substitutedβ-keto esters (2) as starting material which were prepared from substituted ketones (1) and dimethyl carbonate. The ester (2) and methyl hydrazine or substituted amidine were dissolved in methanol and the mixture was heated to reflux to obtain the substituted 5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole (3) or 4-hydroxy-pyrimidine (4). The title compounds were prepared by reacting the intermediates (3 and 4) with substituted halomethylphenyls which contain four active group under basic conditions.

本论文所合成的strobilurin化合物均是以β-酮酸酯类化合物(2)为起始原料合成的，该中间体(2)是由酮类化合物(1)与碳酸二甲酯在碱性条件下反应生成的，中间体(2)与甲基肼或取代脒类化合物在甲醇中回流制得取代的1H-5-羟基吡唑(3)或4-羟基嘧啶(4)，中间体(3和4)再与包含四种活性基的苄卤中间体在碱性条件下制得目标化合物。

The authers fetched the embryo calvarial peristeum tissue, got human osteoblast by enzyme-assimilating methods and tissue-block culture methods. We observed the morphological change, growth feature and osteogentic capability, of osteoblast during culture in vitro with phase contrast invert microscope, drew the growth curre and identified the cells by alkaline phosphatase dye. At same time, the morphology and bioactivity of 3-5th-generation osbeoblast and anabiotic cells was studied comparatively. 2. titanium particles were examined by scanning electron and the size was determined by semi-automated image analysis. The 3-5 th gereration of human osteoblast were cultured in medium with different concentration of particulates titanium alloy (1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml, 0.01mg/ml). Cell growth and proliferation was detected by MTT method after 2、4、6 days that particles were added into medium and ALP activity was measured by kit after 4、7、10 days respectively. 3. With above same methods,the 3-5th generation of human osteoblasts were cultured for 3、6、9days after different concentration of particulates titanium alloy (1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml, 0.01mg/ml) were added into the medium and OPG gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR.

1、取人胚胎颅骨骨膜，采有用酶消化法和组织培养法获取成骨细胞体外培养并传代，观察细胞形态，生物特点及成骨特性，并绘制生长曲线同时碱性磷酸酶染色鉴定成骨细胞以及比较冻存前3-5 代与冻存后成骨细胞的特点。2、电镜下观察钛合金颗粒的形态并测量其粒径，将不同浓度的钛合金颗粒(1mg/ml，0.1mg/ml，0.01mg/ml)与成骨细胞共同培养，分别于第2、4、6 天用MTT 法测量细胞增殖情况及4、7、10天用试剂盒检测碱性磷酸酶活性。3、分别将不同浓度的钛合金颗粒(1mg/ml，0.1mg/ml，0.01mg/ml)与成骨细胞基因培养3、6、9 天用RT-PCR 方法半定量测定骨保护素基因mRNA 的表达。

According to authigenetic mineral association and nowadays stratum geochemistry character, combining the diagenesis character of sandstone in coal measure strata, it is thought to the fluid of outcrop sandstones went through ealy acidity- acidity-alkality-surficial acidity 4 fluid phases, the fluid evolution of core sandstones is ealy acidity- acidity- nowadays alkality 3 fluid phases.

由自生矿物组合以及现今地层水地球化学特征，结合煤系地层砂岩成岩作用特征，认为露头砂岩的流体经历了早期酸性－酸性－碱性－地表酸性4个流体阶段，岩芯砂岩的流体演化为早期酸性－酸性－现今碱性3个流体阶段。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷