碱化

The saline - alkali soil area accounts for 2.1% of all the area.

由于盐碱土的物理化和化学性质相对比较恶劣，土壤粘重，表层下有碱化层，含盐量和碱化度高，对树木生长影响较大，给该地区林业发展带来了很大难分难解度。

Similarly, there is no definite conclusion about the effect of cellular alkalinization. It is well known that alkaline conditions are cytotoxic, but the mechanisms leading to alkaline-induced cytotoxicity are still unclear.

细胞内的碱化对於细胞的作用同样尚未有一明确的定论，一般而言碱化被认为是对细胞体有害的刺激，但是其促使细胞死亡的机制也尚不明朗。

In order to solve the temperature optimization Control for basification Tower in complicated bleaching process, the optimization control strategy is analyzed. To avoid trapping at local optimization effectively, the improvement method for standard genetic algorithm is proposed.

摘 要：针对工艺复杂的漂白工段碱化塔温度控制优化问题，分析了碱化塔温度优化控制策略，提出了标准遗传算法的改进方法IGA，有效避免了标准遗传算法寻优过早陷入局部最优解问题。

In this paper, a quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was synthesized and the factors affect on the solubility or degree of substitution of product, such as the concentration of alkali, the time of basification, the content of water in system, the time of dispersing and the method of adding epoxyproryltrimethylammonium chloride, were discussed in detail. The product was characterized by IR, DSC, TG and X-RAY diffraction. The effects of time, humidity and temperature on the gases permeability of the quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan film were researched.

本论文研究了壳聚糖季铵盐的合成反应，对碱化浓度、碱化时间、水的含量、分散时间和醚化剂的加入方式等因素对制备反应的影响进行了考察；应用红外光谱、DSC、TG以及X-射线衍射对产物进行了表征；探讨了时间、湿度和温度对壳聚糖季铵盐膜透气性的影响。

Protease treatment of the plasma membranes could abolish the binding but NaIO_4 and glycosidase could not, indicating that nsLTP144 bound to plasma membranes protein without carbohydrate moiety. Using the homobifunctional cross-linking regent bissuberate (BS~3) and rice plasma membranes incubated with ~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144, we identified, after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, a putative protein receptor on the rice plasma membranes with the molecular mass around 60 kDa. NsLTP144 can not trigger extracelluar alkalization in arabidopsis, but can abolish the extracellular alkalization effect of phytopathogen elicitor cryptogein, suggesting that cryptogein and nsLTP144 may bind to the same membrane protein. In vitro pull-down assay showed that nsLTP144 interacted with OsCaM1, a possible extracellular calmodulin, implying that nsLTP144 and OsCaM1 could function in the same signal transduction pathway. These results shed light on revealing the roles of nsLTP in vivo and make it promising to finally characterize the plasma membranes receptor of nsLTP.

发现~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144、~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP110与水稻细胞质膜均具有特异性结合，而且结合是饱和性的、可被竞争的，符合配体-受体结合的典型特征，同时用于对照实验的蛋白质~(125)I-Thioredoxin没有此特性，表明水稻细胞质膜上存在nsLTP的受体；利用可氧化糖基的NaIO_4和水解糖基的N\'-糖苷酶F处理水稻细胞质膜，再进行结合实验，结合活性几乎不受影响；而利用胰蛋白酶处理细胞膜则使得结合能力几乎完全丧失，表明其受体为没有经过糖基化修饰的蛋白质；利用交联剂BS~3交联配体一受体后，再进行SDS-PAGE分离和放射自显影，结果显示水稻细胞质膜上的nsLTP受体中有一个60kDa的蛋白质可以与nsLTP144发生特异性的结合，可能是其受体；细胞外碱化实验表明，nsLTP144不能促使拟南芥原生质体细胞培养液的细胞外碱化反应，却能猝灭来自植物病原菌的激发子Cryptogein刺激拟南芥原生质体产生的细胞外碱化反应，表明nsLTP和Cryptogein结合细胞膜上相同的位点，保护了植物细胞免受Cryptogein导致的细胞程序性死亡，并诱导系统获得性抗性的产生；体外Pull-down实验表明，nsLTP144和水稻的OsCaM1具有相互作用，暗示了nsLTP144和OsCaM1可能同在一个信号通路上起作用。

The results are as follows: With the alkalinityof siol increasing,different alkalinities siol become inferior in the physical and chemical property. The higher alkalization degree, the more disadvantagous crops seed and growth.

试验结果表明：不同碱化度的土壤从物理性质和化学性质看都随着碱化度的增高而变劣；碱化度越高，越不利于作物的出苗和生长。

Though the changes of all indexes are within the range of nonsaline and nonsodic soils, the soils affected by salt in glyphosate aqueous solution tend to salinesodic soils.

虽然土壤各项盐化和碱化指标的变化都还在非盐化和非碱化土范围内，但有盐化和碱化的趋势。

Combinating the siol column and potted plant experiment synthesize analysis that the soil alkalinity below 30% can be all improved by hydraulic and agricultural measure without the chemical amendment. When the alkalinity is over 30%, however, the alkaline soil must be made use of the chemical measure gathering water conservancy to attain improvement .

结合土柱试和盆栽试验的结果综合分析，在土壤碱化度低于30%的轻、中度碱化土壤通过水利与农业措施相结合的办法而不用化学改良剂就可以改良好；而碱化度大于30%的土壤，必须在水利措施的配合下，利用化学改良剂才能达到改良的目的。

When the alkalinity of soil with gypsum is as well different. The effciency is better with the siol alkalinity increasing.And the alkalinity is higer, the increasing scape is bigger.

碱化度不同，土壤的石膏改良效率亦不同，随着碱化度的升高，石膏的改良效率显著提高；碱化度越高，提高的幅度越大。

The microstructure of the concrete is changed after FRT.

采用扫描电镜分析了混凝土的微观结构，结果表明，再碱化后，钢筋混凝土的粘结强度得到明显提高；电流、碳酸钠溶液浓度以及再碱化时间时再碱化后的粘结强度有显著影响；混凝土的微观结构发生了改变，孔隙率减小，有利于粘结强度的增加。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。