碱

The ethanol extract was dissolved with HCl, the acidic extract was basified to pH9-10 with NH_3-water and extracted with CHCl_3 to give total alkaloids. five alkaloids were isolated with column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography, and three of them were identified as dehydrocorydaline、 corynoline and dihydrosanguinarine on the basis of spectral analysis MS,~1H-NMR,~(13C-NMR and physicochemical properties. All of them were found for the first time from this plant.

为研究灰绿黄堇的化学成分，本文将灰绿黄堇乙醇提取物采取酸提取、碱游离后萃取的方法得到总生物碱，然后利用柱色谱、制备薄层色谱等方法分离、纯化了灰绿黄堇中5种生物碱，并利用IR、MS、~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR等方法鉴定了其中的3种，分别为去氢紫堇碱、紫堇灵、二氢血根碱，均为首次在此植物中发现。

Furthermore, seven compounds were isolated from CSPD and their chemical structures were authenticated by spectral analysis as tetrandrine, fangchinoline, tetrandrine-2′- N-β-oxide, tetrandrine-2′- N-α-oxide, dicentrine, dicentrinone, and adenine, respectively.

从粉防己专属性对照物质中分得粉防己碱、防己诺林碱、tetrandrine-2′- N-β-oxide，tetrandrine-2′- N-α-oxide，荷包牡丹碱、荷包牡丹酮和腺嘌呤等7个成分，经波谱分析鉴定了结构。

The results showed that germinative energy was more sensitive to alkaline stress than germination rate,RL was more sensitive to alkaline stress than SH and RN,early seedling stage was more sensitive to alkaline stress than germination period.

结果表明，水稻发芽势对碱胁迫的反应较发芽率更为敏感；根长对碱胁迫的反应较苗高和根数更为敏感；幼苗前期对碱胁迫的反应较发芽期更为敏感。

From 1999 to 2000, vegetation types selected by the water deer included Imperata cylindrical, Phragmites autralis, Aleuropus littoralis, Suaeda glaura, and Suaeda salsa. In our study, the deer only preferred Suaeda salsa.

1999-2000年期间獐选择的植被类型比较多样化，包括白茅草滩、芦苇地、獐毛草滩、碱蓬地和盐地碱蓬草甸等。2006年冬季，獐只倾向于选择盐地碱蓬草甸。

Our work is to screen alkali-tolerance deficient mutants from a T-DNA insertional library of C.

本论文主要目的在于获得耐碱缺陷型盾壳霉，从中克隆耐碱相关的基因，为培育耐碱作物积累基因材料。

Moreover, the water extract and the alkaloids of Rhizoma Coptidis, as well as berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine could increase the EFSinduced contraction.

为了验证我们的这种推测，本文研究黄连水提物、黄连总生物碱以及黄连中的主要化学成分小檗碱、巴马丁碱和药根碱对豚鼠胃窦环行肌收缩的影响。

The first synthetic route uses 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene and chloroacetonitrile in forming 2,4,5-trimethoxy-a-chlor-acetophenone under the anhydrous condition, then the intermediate condensates with papaverine forming the core pyrro[2,l-a]isoquinoline, followed by formation and lactonization to form the lactone ring. The second synthetic route uses prepared aldehyde with prepared ethyl nitroacetate by Knoevenagel condensation to obtain 2-Nitro-3-(2,4,5-tris-methoxy-phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester and 2-Nitro-3-(2,4,5-tris-benzyloxy -phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester etal intermediates. The lamellarin skeleton could arise from condensation of the papaverine and these intermediates by Michael reaction, the ester group is provided for subsequent lactonization. The third synthetic route uses coumarin or indan-l,3-dione derivatives and papaverine to form lamellarin under basic conditions.

第一条路线首先从1，2，4-三甲氧基苯出发与卤乙腈作用合成卤代芳酮中间体，然后与罂粟碱反应合成开链片螺素，最后经乙酰化、去保护、成内酯环得到片螺素；第二条路线由制备的芳醛和制备的硝基乙酸乙酯经缩合得到2-硝基-3-芳基丙烯酸乙酯，然后由该中间体与罂粟碱反应，在完成关环的同时也引入酯基，最后去保护、成内酯环得到片螺素；第三条路线是由香豆素或茚二酮出发，经溴代后的中间体与罂粟碱反应，得到片螺素的基本框架。

High pressure and temperature experiment show that lamprophyric melt and orthophyric melt mix with each other under high pressure and seperate under low-pressure.

结合哀牢山断裂带富碱侵入岩的地质地球化学资料，论证了煌斑岩与富碱侵入岩为富集地幔不同部分熔融程度的产物；高温高压实验表明，煌斑岩熔体和花岗斑岩熔体在高压条件下发生混合，低压条件下出班分离，加上有关的地球化学判别，推测岩浆混合作用是本区煌斑岩与花岗斑岩(富碱侵入岩母岩浆同化分异结晶作用的产物)密切共生的主要因素。

Alkali-metasomatic processes can be divided into 3 stages: alkali-metasomatic stage, neutral metasomatic stage and acidic metasomatic stage.

通过研究认识到：碱交代蚀变系列可分为碱交代、中性交代和酸交代三个阶段，其中的碱交代和中性交代形成浸出场，酸交代阶段则形成沉淀场。

The patients with methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria should be mainly treated with vitamin B12, betaine and L-carnitine, while the patients with isolated methymalonic acidemia should be treated with protein restriction, the special milk formula without isoleucine, valine, methionine, and threonine, and be given L-carnitine.

对伴有同型半胱氨酸血症患儿，治疗以维生素B12、甜菜碱和左旋肉碱为主；对不伴有同型半胱氨酸血症患儿以限制天然蛋白质摄入，给予去除异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、甲硫氨酸和苏氨酸的特殊奶粉及左旋肉碱治疗为主。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。