碰撞

In order to testify our whether correction to Rossi's exchange term andthe potential of electron and nucleus is reasonable, we calculate 〓 moleculeelastic differential scattering cross section by electron impact on 100eV, ourresult is obviously better than Rossi's. Then we calculate elastic differentialscattering cross section at 150eV. In order to check the program thatcalculates molecule excitation cross section by electron impact, we calculatehydrogen excitation cross section from ground state to 〓 state at 20eVand 30eV, oxygen excitation cross section from ground state to 〓 state at15eV and 20eV. These calculations are in agreement with other theoreticresults, and experiment measure. Finally, we calculate sulfur moleculeexcitation〓 cross section by electron impact at5eV,7eV,9eV, 11eV, 13eV,15eV, and draw curve of excitation total crosssection corresponding to incident electron energy.

为了核对我们修改的计算激发态的程序是否正确，计算了电子与氢分子碰撞从基态激发到〓态入射能量分别为20eV和30eV时的微分截面以及电子与氧分子碰撞从基态激发到〓态入射能量分别为15eV和20eV时的微分截面，与别人的理论计算结果、实验的测量值基本一致，最后计算了电子与硫分子在5eV、7eV、9eV、11eV、13eV、15eV时的碰撞激发〓截面，作出了电子的入射能量与激发总截面的关系曲线，找出了总截面最大时对应的电子入射能量大约是11电子伏。

Using the method we calculate the 〓 elasticdifferential scattering cross section, excitation differential scattering crosssection, and excitation cross section of electron collision with 〓 We transform the electron and molecule problem into electron problemby Born-Oppenheimer approximate. Mr Rossi, Dr. the Flinders University ofSouth Australia, calculated electron collision with molecule, but theexchange term he used become bigger and bigger as incident energyincreases, it is unreasonable, besides, the potential of electron and nucleus heused is somewhat rough. At present we correct these two terms. The potentialconsists of static potential, exchange potential, polarization potential.

电子与分子的碰撞过程的相互作用势主要是由静态势、交换势和极化势三部分决定的，这里对这三部分在动量空间中进行分波展开，推导出易于计算的表达形式，根据这些公式，并参考Rossi的弹性碰撞程序编写了计算电子与分子碰撞激发截面的程序，利用程序计算出势能矩阵元，通过求解Lippmann-Schwinger方程求得T矩阵元，便可求得散射截面。

No time counter method is used to select collision molecules and diffuse reflection model is used to simulate the collision between molecules and body surface.

采用NTC方法对分子碰撞对进行抽样碰撞处理，分子与物面的碰撞则采用了漫反射模型进行处理。

The structure of flow field and the aerodynamics along with the inner energy excitation and the variable flow conditions were analyzed in details.

采用L-B碰撞模型，分析了内能激发松弛的流场参数特性，从分子碰撞、分子与飞行器表面碰撞的角度，分析了不同来流条件下的流场参数的变化情况。

Due to the difficulty of direct measurement of collision force between small particles, an indirect approach to the measurement by applying PTV technology is developed. The visualized fluidize bed based on microphotography and sheet light source is set up to extend the above approach to practical usage.

针对微细颗粒间微小碰撞力无法直接测量的困难，本文发展出一种基于PTV可视化技术的碰撞力间接测量新方法，同时检验了以上理论成果，并进一步开发了显微摄像和普通光片光源以适用于实际流化床内的碰撞规律研究。

The calculation equation of impact reverse force vector is obtained when the existence of departure between strike place of hammer of crusher and impact center based on the theory of mechanics.

应用理论力学的碰撞理论，求证了锤式破碎机锤头对矿石的打击偏离碰撞中心时，在锤头销孔处产生的碰撞反力的大小和方向，给出了计算公式。

The evolvement and mechanism of border-collision bifurcations and chaos were analyzed after the collision border line was studied. Results show the limitation of duty cycle is the fundamental cause of non-smooth bifurcations.

分析边界碰撞分岔和混沌演化过程及其产生机理，推导出碰撞边界线的解析表达式，指出发生边界碰撞的根本原因在于开关变换器占空比的有界性。

The perturbative theory of laser induced collisional charge exchange is presented, in which the laser induced collisional charge exchange is described as a four body system and the compound atomic and ionic states are used as basis states of LICCE, and the equation of motion for the probability amplitudes of the states are obtained.

将激光感生碰撞电荷交换看作一个四体系统，发展了激光感生碰撞电荷交换的微扰理论；以独立原子和离子的复合态波函数作为激光感生碰撞体系的基组函数，得到了体系态振幅的运动方程。

From the problem of the collision between small ball and homogeneous pole, the rules followed by different type of collisions are discussed, and the energy features of completely inelastic collision are summarized.

从小球与均质定轴杆的碰撞问题出发，讨论了不同类型碰撞所遵循的物理规律，总结了完全非弹性碰撞过程的能量特征。

The physical rule of the collision of a particle and a bar is discussed,the energy relation in completely inelastic collision is cleared,and it is turned out that the two bodies not necessarilly move together after completely inelastic collision .

讨论了小球与自由杆碰撞过程中所遵从的物理规律，明确了完全非弹性碰撞过程的能量特征，指出完全非弹性碰撞后两物体不一定粘在一起共同运动的事实。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。