碎屑

Widely accepted as they are, the classification of pyroclasts and the petrographic classification of pyroclastic rocks stipulated by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks fail to consider the classification with Chinese characteristics, which was put forward in 1950s to 1960s and improved in 1980s to 1990s and has since been widely used in China.

虽然目前国际地科联火成岩分类命名委员会确定的火山碎屑物和火碎屑岩岩性分类已得广泛推广，但此分类尚有不足之处。

Seismites can be subdivided into many types,such as seismic corrugated rock,shattered rock,seismic collapse rock,autoclastic breccias,intraclastic parabreccia,liquefied breccia and seismoturbidite rock.

研究区震积岩的岩石类型则主要包括震褶岩、震裂岩、震塌岩、自碎屑角砾岩、自碎屑副角砾岩、液化角砾岩及震浊积岩等。

Lower Cretaceous in Chagan Depression developed mainly volcanic and clasticrock reservoirs.

查干凹陷下白垩统主要发育碎屑岩和火山岩两种储层，以碎屑岩储层为主。

The application of detrital geochemistry to determining tectonic setting and provenance attribute is an important means for basin analysis and also a helpful supplementary or verification method in using coarse detrital rocks to judge the background of provenance.

利用碎屑岩地球化学特征判断沉积盆地的构造背景和物源属性是盆地分析的重要手段，也是对利用粗碎屑沉积岩的组分统计判断盆地源区背景的有益补充和验证。

In this sea area, the main origin of the detrital minerals is Hainan island, and the characteristics of genetic mineralogy of the zicon and garnet indicate that the detrital minerals mainly come from regional mid-degree-metamorphic area.

3研究区碎屑矿物主要物源是海南岛，锆石和石榴石的成因矿物学特征指示研究区的碎屑矿物可能主要来自中级区域变质物源区。

The rock types include limemud limestones, bioclast limestones, oolites, intraclast limestones and dolomites, indicating a typical set of epeiric sea carbonate platform or submerged platform deposits.

岩石类型包括泥晶灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩、鮞粒灰岩、內碎屑灰岩、白云岩等，为一套典型的臺地或沈没臺地型陆表海碳酸盐沈积。

Based on this idea, the author has chosen two typical loess sections of Luochuan, and Xifeng for this study, collected the successive loess columns; To probe the conditional experiments of BeO sample preparation and measurement, and improve the existing method; On the basis of the technology improvement, the author has finished 402 samples' BeO preparation and AMS measurement; Also at the same time, to separate quartz from samples at 1 cm interval for both Luochuan and Xifeng sections systematically, to carry out measurements of quartz grain-size, SUS, grey scale, carbonate content and bulk sample density; By using the grain size model, the author has set up the chronological framework for both Luochuan, and Xifeng sections and the time sequence of millennial scale abrupt climate events recorded in loess strata, and reconstructed the East Asian monsoon history over 130ka by using multi proxies; Finally, to discuss the possible mechanisms of palaeoclimatic changes tentatively.

详细地球科学的发展离不开高精度和高分辨率的研究。运用长寿命核素如〓Be作为环境过程的示踪，已成为不可替代的有效工具。本论文选择洛川、西峰两个典型的黄土剖面，连续采集柱状样；探索了BeO样品制备、测量的条件实验，改进了原有的方法，完成了402个BeO样品的制备和AMS测量；同时还系统地分离洛川、西峰剖面高分辨率（1cm）黄土、古土壤样品中的碎屑石英，测量了碎屑石英粒度，以及全样的磁化率、灰度、碳酸盐含量和容重等古气候代用指标；采用粒度年代模式建立了洛川剖面和西峰剖面的年代标尺，建立了黄土地层记录的千年尺度的气候突变事件的时间序列，多指标重建了最近130ka东亚季风变迁史；初步讨论了古气候变迁的可能机制。

The results show that the petrographic characteristics of clastic rock have an intrinsic influence on its macro mechanical properties and bursting potential.

研究结果表明，碎屑岩的岩石学特征对其宏观力学性质和冲击倾向性具有重要影响作用，随着碎屑颗粒含量的增加，岩石的强度和刚性增强，岩石的脆性增大，弹性能指数和冲击能指数增加，岩石在轴向应力作用下达到峰值强度以后直到完全破坏的持续时间变短，冲击倾向性增强。

1215 AD eruptive produts of Tianchi volcano are composed of pumiceous fall deposits, pumice flow deposits, ash-cloud surge deposits, and ground surge deposits.

天池火山为高风险火山。未来的火山灾害主要为火山碎屑降落灾害、火山碎屑流灾害和火山泥石流灾害。

Analysis on mineral characteristics (percent of shingly fragment, maturation index and heavy mineral coefficient of stability) and depositional environment in Mesozoic remanet strata show that provenance located in the north of Yanqi basin, clast were moved from north to south in Mesozoic, and the sedimentary environment in northern basin were braided stream facies while shallow lacustrine stream facies in southern basin.

通过对焉耆盆地现今残留中生代地层中的岩矿特征(碎屑含砾百分比、成熟度指数和重矿物稳定系数)及沉积环境分析，焉耆盆地中生代物源区位于盆地北部，碎屑由北至南搬运；盆地北部为辫状河相沉积环境，南部为浅湖相沉积环境。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。