碎屑

Clastic rocks are composed of individual fragments of mineral or rock.

碎屑岩是由岩石和矿物碎屑的单体组合而成，这些碎屑物质的粒度可以是巨大的确石到微细的颗粒。

Take the normal graded granularity for example, the curve function of the collaring rectangle was derived, which can provide a kind of mathematic model for drawing the lithologic frame of terrigenous elastic rocks in the second development of graphic software.

为了弥补绘图软件的这些不足，提出用曲边矩形代替矩形来绘制陆源碎屑岩岩性框架，并以表示正粒序陆源碎屑岩岩性框架的曲边矩形为例，详细推导了其曲边的函数表达式，为绘图软件的二次开发提供了陆源碎屑岩岩性框架绘制的一种数学模型。

Dawsonite in the shapes of foliated columnar, cluster, radial, chrysanthemum or random hair mainly filled in the intergranular pores as cements and a few replaced grains such as feldspar and quartz.

其中，片钠铝石呈板柱状、束状、放射状、菊花状、杂乱毛发状集合体，主要作为胶结物产于碎屑岩碎屑颗粒间的孔隙中，少量交代长石、石英等碎屑。

Made up of fragments of preexisting rock;fragmental.

碎屑的由原来的岩石的碎屑构成的；碎屑的不适合

The maximum run-out distance is 3200m. The three cases are studied from the Niuquangou rockslide-debris flow at the south west segment of the main seismic fault, the Chengxi rockslide at the middle segment of the main seismic fault and the Donghekou rockslide-debris flow at the north east segment of the main seismic fault.The three cases illustrates following common characteristics:(1)parent rockmass is broken under long geologic processing and weathered;(2) Rockmass was separately expanded and thrown under long-period strong ground vibration in which the vertical motion was predominant along the main seismic fault;(3)sliding mass was crashed at the exiting zone and transferred to fragment material;(4) The secondary landslide was triggered underneath the exiting zone due to the powerful crashing and shaving processes that provides more mass to debris body and cushion shape;(5) The a long run-out distance fragment flow is occurred under air layer lubrication. The air layer was pressed and turbulently flowed in the narrow-shaped valley, or laminarly flowed in the extensive flatland.

本文重点解剖了位于地震破裂带南西段的汶川映秀牛圈沟滑坡-碎屑流、位于地震破裂带中段的北川城西滑坡和位于地震破裂带北东段青川东河口滑坡-碎屑流3个典型实例，认为具有如下特征：1）岩性条件：母岩遭受长期构造动力作用，呈碎裂岩体，后期被强烈风化，岩体极为破碎；(2）抛掷效应：位于汶川地震主断裂带或附近，垂直加速度大于水平加速度，强地面运动持时长，岩体发生振胀和抛掷；3）碰撞效应：上部滑坡体发生高位剪出和高位撞击，致使岩体碎屑化；(4）铲刮效应：撞击作用导致下部山体被铲刮，形成次级滑坡，为碎屑流体提供了足够展翼和抛洒物源体积；5）气垫效应：碎屑化岩体快速抛掷导致下部沟谷空气迅速谷状圈闭和向下紊流，形成气垫效应，或者，在下部地形开阔地带压缩空气呈层流状态致使滑体凌空飞行。

The results showed that at the same concentrations, the total amount of test PAHs adsorbed by the K. candel and A. marina leaf litters had no significant difference, in spite of their decomposition status. The adsorbed amount of the PAHs tended to increase with their increasing concentrations. The litters had a higher adsorption rate of or exhibited selective adsorption to phenathrene and chrysene when the PAHs concentrations were lower, and had a higher adsorption rate of benzo perylene when the PAHs concentrations were higher.

结果显示：在同等PAHs浓度下，秋茄和白骨壤落叶碎屑对4种PAHs的吸附总量相近，树种间或分解状态间的吸附差异不显著；随着PAHs浓度的增加，2种红树植物落叶碎屑对4种PAHs的吸附率均呈现逐渐增加的趋势；PAHs浓度较低时，落叶碎屑对和菲有较高的吸附率或选择性吸附，PAHs浓度较高时，落叶碎屑对苯并芘吸附率提高。

Though stating sandstone thin-section's clastic constituents of outcrop sandstones and core sandstones,collecting sandstones' clastic constituents datas from Jican1 core、Ji3 core、XijiD2 core and JiD6 core,it's judged to the roke type be detritus feldspar sandstone and feldspathic detritus sandstone of outcrop sandstones and core sandstones in studied layer, the mostly roke being detritus feldspar sandstone.

通过统计46块露头砂岩和13块西风井砂岩薄片的碎屑组分，结合收集的鸡参1井、鸡3井、新鸡D2井和鸡D6井9块砂岩碎屑组分含量数据，判断出研究目的层露头砂岩和岩芯砂岩的岩石类型为岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩，主要为岩屑长石砂岩，两种砂岩的岩石学特征基本一致。

Increase of that clast of sedimentary rock, high-grade metamorphic rock and unstable heavy minerals shows tectonically active setting and obvious uplift of Bogda Mountain during the Late Jur.

新疆博格达地区中—新生界碎屑成分自中侏罗世的中晚期开始发生了巨大变化，主要表现在：自中侏罗世晚期开始，沉积重矿物组合及相对含量发生较大变化，不稳定重矿物、较高级别变质岩岩屑明显增多，显示此时发生的物源属性变化及构造活动的存在；自侏罗系西山窑组沉积晚期开始，砂岩碎屑成分中的沉积岩碎屑明显增加，显示盆缘沉积岩物源的隆升和剥蚀作用。

Lithological characterized by pyroclastic rocks interbedded with sedimentary rocks, with a few volcanic rocks.(2) The sedimentary facies: include normal fluvial, swamp, littoral and shallow lakes, as well as fallout facies of pyroclastic sediments, volcanic lahar facies, pyroclastic alluvial facies and pyroclastic fluvial facies (different from normal alluvial and fluvial facies).

1岩性——以火山碎屑岩、火山碎屑沉积岩和陆源碎屑沉积岩互层为特征，亦夹有少量火山岩；(2)沉积相类型——包括陆源碎屑沉积的河流相、沼泽相、滨浅湖相和火山碎屑沉积的空落相、火山泥石流相、火山碎屑冲积扇相和火山碎屑河流相(与陆源碎屑的冲积扇相和河流相不同)。

Petrologists,both at home and abroad have spent a lot of time on the classification of pyroclastic rocks, and suc_cessively put forward the classification of pyroclasts, the petrographic and the petrogenetic classification of pyroclasic rocks.

长期以来，火山碎屑岩的分类研究受到了国内外学者的重视，先后提出了火山碎屑物、火山碎屑岩岩性和火山碎屑岩成因分类。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。