硬件计算机

The computer aid animation is a high and new technique; it is the thing that combines the art and the computer graphics together. Accompanying with the high speed devolvement of computer hardware and graphic arithmetic , it synthesize the computer science, art, mathematics, physics with the knowledge of the other and related course, the computer aid animation make abundance sequence virtual real images on the screen.

计算机动画是计算机图形学和艺术相结合的产物，是伴随着计算机硬件和图形算法高速发展起来的一门高新技术，它综合利用了计算机科学、艺术、数学、物理学和其它相关学科的知识，在计算机上生成绚丽多彩的连续的虚拟真实画面。

This thesis introduces its OBC (on-board-computer),the micro-satellite adopts centralized computer to control.We use standby redundant computer system and fault-tolerant software/hardware co-design method to improve the reliability.

由于卫星采用了计算机集中管理方式，为保证星载计算机的可靠性，设计中对硬件使用了双计算机热备份冗余设计，星载计算机的可靠性同时通过软件和硬件协同容错设计来实现。

The main reason for the conflict in the hardware: add new hardware, you add new hardware devices occupy the original IRQ interrupt, DMA channels, I / O address of the computer resources, in between the old and the new hardware resource conflicts.

硬件冲突的主要原因：添加新硬件时，你新添加的硬件占用了原有设备的IRQ中断、DMA通道、I/O地址等计算机资源，在新旧硬件之间发生了资源冲突。

The computer system by use of electronic circuits and physical equipment, is almost tangible entities, such as the central processing unit, storage, an external device (input/output devices, I/O devices) and bus, etc.

硬件 计算机系统中所使用的电子线路和物理设备，是看得见、摸得着的实体，如中央处理器、存储器、外部设备（输入输出设备、I／O设备）及总线等。

The confidentiality of the existing rules and regulations to conduct a comprehensive clean-up, failed to meet the job requirements of confidentiality under the new situation, the timely amendment, supplement; right not included in the management of classified computers within the LAN, it is necessary to develop practical management systems into effective Monitoring scope; the establishment of classified removable storage media, a registration system for the device model, hardware number, custodian, enable time registered in the books, and report to the offices of record; the establishment of classified computers, classified removable storage media to go out the registration ledger system; non-classified computer connected to the Internet is strictly prohibited non-classified computer and between computers with classified national security department without the approval of the removable storage media to transfer data directly; classified obsolete computers and removable storage media must be submitted to Council Committee for the record confidentiality, rosters later physical methods for destruction.

对现有的保密规章制度进行一次全面清理，对不适应新形势下保密工作要求的，及时进行修订、补充；对未纳入局域网内管理的涉密计算机，要制定切实可行的管理制度，纳入有效监控范围；建立涉密移动存储介质登记制度，将设备型号、硬件编号、保管人、启用时间等登记在册，并报局办公室备案；建立涉密计算机、涉密移动存储介质外出登记台账制度；严禁涉密计算机接入互联网，严禁非涉密计算机与涉密计算机之间用未经国家保密部门认可的移动存储介质直接传输数据；涉密计算机及移动存储介质报废，须报局保密委备案，登记造册后用物理方法进行销毁。

On PC-compatible computers, the set of essential software routines that test hardware at startup, start the operating system, and support the transfer of data among hardware devices.

在 PC 兼容计算机中主要软件例程的集合，用于在计算机启动时检测硬件，启动操作系统以及支持硬件设备之间的数据传送。

By a computer hardware and software systems of two major components, hardware is the material basis, and the computer software can be said to be the soul, not software, the computer is a "barebone" What is not capable, with software, Smart order to become a real "computer."

一台计算机是由硬件系统和软件系统两大部分构成的，硬件是物质基础，而软件可以说是计算机的灵魂，没有软件，计算机是一台&裸机&，是什么也不能干的，有了软件，才能灵动起来，成为一台真正的&电脑&。

In this dissertation the"Penalty"finite element method was employed to compute the velocity of the three-dimensional flow of power-law fluid in a profile die. In order to decrease the needed computer memory and raise the stability of numerical simulation, a set of decoupled methods such as PFEM, pseudo-body force method and transformation of momentum equation to the elliptic equation was developed to establish the general finite element equations to compute the distributions of velocity and viscoelastic stress of the three-dimensional viscoelastic flow of the Phan ThienTanner fluid in a profile die. During numerical simulation of the extrudate swell of the PTT fluid, the flow in the die and out of the die was analyzed separately, which demands less computer memory.

本文建立了求解挤出口模内幂律流体流动速度场的通用三维罚有限元模型；对于非线性粘弹性的Phan Thien-Tanner流体，为了降低模拟计算对计算机硬件的要求，并使模拟计算更加稳定，采用了一种去耦算法，包括罚有限元方法、拟体力方法和动量方程的椭圆类方程转化方法，并建立了求解速度场和粘弹性应力场的总体有限元方程；对于PTT流体的挤出胀大问题，提出了挤出胀大熔体口模内外分离模拟法，这样可以显著降低数值模拟对计算机硬件的要求。

In this dissertation the"Penalty"finite element method was employed to compute the velocity of the three-dimensional flow of power-law fluid in a profile die. In order to decrease the needed computer memory and raise the stability of numerical simulation, a set of decoupled methods such as PFEM, pseudo-body force method and transformation of momentum equation to the elliptic equation was developed to establish the general finite element equations to compute the distributions of velocity and viscoelastic stress of the three-dimensional viscoelastic flow of the Phan ThienTanner fluid in a profile die. During numerical simulation of the extrudate swell of the PTT fluid, the flow in the die and out of the die was analyzed separately, which demands less computer memory. The key techniques used in numerical simulation of the three-dimensional extrusion from dies such as decision of boundary conditions, creation of initial velocity field, selection of penalty factor, high Weissenberg number problem , regeneration of the free surface were studied in detail.

中文题名聚合物异型材口模挤出三维流动研究副题名外文题名 Study on three-dimensional flow of polymer melts during the process of profile extrusion from dies 论文作者涂志刚导师柳和生包忠诩教授学科专业材料加工工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位南昌大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数148页关键词挤出成型聚合物材料挤出口模聚合物异型材馆藏号BSLW /2003 /TQ320 /9 本文建立了求解挤出口模内幂律流体流动速度场的通用三维罚有限元模型；对于非线性粘弹性的Phan Thien-Tanner流体，为了降低模拟计算对计算机硬件的要求，并使模拟计算更加稳定，采用了一种去耦算法，包括罚有限元方法、拟体力方法和动量方程的椭圆类方程转化方法，并建立了求解速度场和粘弹性应力场的总体有限元方程；对于PTT流体的挤出胀大问题，提出了挤出胀大熔体口模内外分离模拟法，这样可以显著降低数值模拟对计算机硬件的要求。

This book summarizes the various changes in the computer publishing, computer word processing, graphics, image processing, the main line, introduced the printing press and computer typesetting of the principles and techniques, and computer systems used in publishing software and hardware, and computer published in all areas covered by the system were correlation analysis.

本书总结了计算机出版系统的各种变革，以计算机文字处理、图形图象处理为主线，介绍了印刷媒体与计算机排版的原理及技术、并对计算机出版系统的用的软件和硬件，以及计算机出版系统涉及的各个领域作了相关分析。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。