硬件接口

This paper is major in the research of PROFIBUS-DP protocol and SPC3s kernel program, and gives the hardware and software architrave. The measurement system can not only get the exact data from location but also has the function of self-diagnosis、 self-alarming and self-compensation.

本论文在研究了PROFIBUS-DP现场总线的基本理论的基础上，通过对协议芯片SPC3的资源和通信协议的研究，剖析了SPC3的核心程序，探讨了装置组成的硬件和软件策略，给出了硬件软件系统设计框图，开发出带PROFIBUS-DP接口的热电偶温度检测装置。

Canopus allocates all processes that can be completed between I/O hardware and external devices to hardware (including scaling of image data, digital filter processing, and adjustment of quantifying bit numbers).

Canopus 分配从硬件 I/O 接口和外部设备到硬件所有的处理（包括变换像素比，数字量化处理，调整量化标准）。

Read and write of flash disk as USB host.According to the request of this subject, the system hardware and software for the slave device, and the communication interface to the master PC are developed. Detailed works are as follows: in order to implement the measurement principle in the system, flow-liquid levelmethod is used;velocity of flow is measured through rotor Kinemometer;water level is surveyedvia RS485 interface and pressure sensor;the C8051F060 chip which is in high performance andintegration, produced by Silicon Laboratories Company as master chip is used to capture and measure the width of impulses, so singals of flow velocity are collected and disposed;the 4×4 matrix keyboard and LCD are used in the part of man-machine interface which are easy to input, legible to read, various to display, comfy to be accepted and plain to show measure and inquiry results;FRAM memory FM3164 is used to carry out the non-volatile memory of data and accurate real-time clock.;SL811HST chip is used as USB host which can read and write flash disk,thereby a kind of adscititious mass storage is accomplished .

根据研制任务的要求，课题期间主要完成了下位机系统硬件和软件，设计了与上位机的通讯界面，所做的具体工作包括：测量原理在系统中的实现，采用了流速—水位计算法，通过旋桨式流速仪来测量流速，通过RS485接口与压力变送器通讯测量水位；主控制芯片采用了Silicon Laboratories公司的高性能、高集成度C8051F060芯片，利用其捕捉测脉宽的特性，实现了流速信号的采集和处理；人机接口部分采用了4×4矩阵键盘和LCD显示，输入方便，读数清晰，显示多样化，信息量大，易于被用户接受，更直观地显示测量及查询结果；通过采用铁电存储器FM3164实现了数据的非易失性存储和精确的实时时钟；通过采用SL811HST芯片，实现了USB主机的功能，可读写U盘，从而实现了单片机的外挂式海量存储。

In the part of hardware module, card inserted detection and reset, data reception and transmission, card deactivation are discussed separatedly according to the module's function; In the part of software module, smart card interface register configuration, transmission protocol parse and the applications of MIPS interrupt are discussed.

在硬件模块部分，根据接口模块实现的功能，分为卡插入检测及复位、数据收发、使卡无效并移出这几部分来分别讨论；在软件部分，讨论了对智能卡接口模块寄存器的配置、传输协议的解析以及MIPS处理器中断的应用。

All business logic components are based on DCOM. It provides the Business Process Reengineering function, and output/input interfaces based on XML in order to exchange data with different operating system and platform. The system adopts dual encryption with software and hardware: Encapsulating the function of CryptoAPI of Microsoft provides file enciphering interface and file deciphering interface.

本系统采用软加密和硬加密结合的方式来保护软件：封装微软加密库，形成加密、解密组件，提供加密接口和解密接口函数；采用Access库的安全机制，对数据库建立SqServer.mdb三级安全机制；将用户数量写入硬件加密狗中，控制客户端的数量。

The system adopts dual encryption with software and hardware: Encapsulating the function of CryptoAPI of Microsoft provides file enciphering interface and file deciphering interface.

本系统采用软加密和硬加密结合的方式来保护软件：封装微软加密库，形成加密、解密组件，提供加密接口和解密接口函数；采用Access库的安全机制，对数据库建立SqServer.mdb三级安全机制；将用户数量写入硬件加密狗中，控制客户端的数量。

In view of these shortcomings this frequency meter has made the radical innovation in the design its merit is: Uses the core component is the advanced monolithic special-purpose frequency measurement component -- monolithic frequency meter the integration rate is high the volume is small consumes the electricity province function has realized the frequency meter high integration and the microminiaturization; So long as the monolithic frequency meter adds on the crystal oscillator the measuring range choice the frequency demonstrated and so on the very few components then constitute DC to the 10MHz miniature basic frequency measurement electric circuit; But the biggest merit was this frequency meter has realized monolithic frequency meter frequency sampling electric circuit and the monolithic microcomputer three between hardware and the software connection completely caused the frequency measurement measuring range the choice the frequency data survey the sampling as well as the code frontier transformation and the data dump possible monolithic microcomputer software programming automatically to carry on thus has realized the frequency measurement and the sampling work intellectualizes completely causes this system already to be possible to constitute a miniature intelligence to measure rate the instrument core electric circuit independently also might take in the large-scale automatic control or a test system intelligent subsystem.

摘要传统的测频仪器体积很大，耗能量大，主要靠手工操作，而最大的缺点是不可编程，其量程转换、数据测量、采样控制和处理等均不能通过程序指令来进行控制，无法作为一个微型智能子系统与某一大型自动控制或测试系统进行接口。针对这些缺点，本频率计再设计上作了根本的革新，其优点是：所用核心器件是先进的单片专用测频器件——单片频率计，集成度高，体积小，耗电省，功能强，实现了频率计的高度集成化和微型化；单片频率计只要加上晶振、量程选择、频率显示等很晌慰的器件即可构成一个DC至10MHz的微型基本测频电路；而最大的优点则是本频率计完全实现了单片频率计、频率采样与单片微机三者之间的硬件与软件接口，使得测频量程的选择、频率数据的测量、采样以及编码的边境转换和数据的转储均可能过单片微机的软件编程自动进行，从而实现了测频与采样工作的完全智能化，使得本系统既可独立构成一个微型智能测率仪器的核心电路，也可作为大型自动控制或测试系统中的一个智能子系统。关键词高度集成化，单片机，频率计，电路

According to the auto brake tester, it has been designed that the hardware circuit of the testing system based on 89C55 single-chip microcomputer, including A/D circuits for sensor interfaces, D/A circuits for needle indicating type display device, driving circuits for brake motors, the communication interface circuitbetween the single-chip microcomputer and pc, etc.

针对所研究的汽车制动试验台，设计了基于89C55单片机的试验台测控系统硬件电路，包括传感器接口与A／D转换电路、指针式显示装置的D／A转换电路、制动电机驱动电路、单片机与PC机之间通讯的接口电路等。

Firstly, the realizable ways of signal detection and sample、 power circuit and the application of low-consumption model of MSP430 are discussed, by which the required function of current protection and voltage protection can be realized. Secondly, different protection algorithm based on micro-computer are discussed in this article, and from the virtues and defects of Fourier algorithm, an improved algorithm is put forward, and the importance of the improved algorithm is displaced. Thirdly, according to the national standard of GB/T18858 .3-2002, the principle of networklization of intelligence trip relay and how to realize it are mentioned. Lastly, using the current conditions, the test of precision is done. The experimental date present that the system is working well and can realize the real-time function of on-line detection.

首先在硬件设计上，对于信号检测、处理、电源电路、MSP430系列单片机的低功耗方式应用以及人机接口电路等问题提出了实现方法，基本实现了大范围电流、电压信号实时监控等功能；其次，本文还对当前各种微机保护算法进行了介绍，分析了傅立叶算法在实现智能脱扣器保护功能中的优缺点，并针对傅立叶算法中计算偏于复杂的问题对该算法进行了改进，提出了基于FFT的改进算法，通过算法的分析和比较，对改进算法的性能给出了评价；然后结合我国现场总线国家标准GB/T18858.3-2002讨论了DeviceNet现场总线在实现脱扣器网络化的原理，实现方法，论述了通讯接口电路的设计；最后利用现有条件，对装置进行了性能测试，试验数据说明系统工作状态较好，可以满足低压配电网自动化对低压脱扣器的各项要求。

it is very important to compile driver connecting operating system with corresponded hardware device.based on stream interface driver model,the design of spi driver in embedded operating system win ce in development environment of platform builder 4.2 and design method are introduced and analysed,realizing virtual address map,key code and the relationship between driver and spi application program in evc program environment is discussed.driver and corresponded application program can be operated on fs_ep9315 development platform of ucdragon rightly.experience indicates the methord is right and feasible.

编写联系操作系统和相应硬件设备的驱动程序至关重要。在platform builder 4.2开发环境下，基于流接口驱动程序模型，详细阐述嵌入式操作系统win ce下ep9315芯片的spi接口的驱动程序设计方法，就设计步骤、虚拟地址映射实现和关键程序代码编写等进行具体分析，并论述驱动程序与evc编程环境下spi应用程序之间的关系。驱动程序和相应应用程序能正确运行于优龙的fs_ep9315开发平台。实践证明，该方法正确可行。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。