硬件

In this dissertation the"Penalty"finite element method was employed to compute the velocity of the three-dimensional flow of power-law fluid in a profile die. In order to decrease the needed computer memory and raise the stability of numerical simulation, a set of decoupled methods such as PFEM, pseudo-body force method and transformation of momentum equation to the elliptic equation was developed to establish the general finite element equations to compute the distributions of velocity and viscoelastic stress of the three-dimensional viscoelastic flow of the Phan ThienTanner fluid in a profile die. During numerical simulation of the extrudate swell of the PTT fluid, the flow in the die and out of the die was analyzed separately, which demands less computer memory.

本文建立了求解挤出口模内幂律流体流动速度场的通用三维罚有限元模型；对于非线性粘弹性的Phan Thien-Tanner流体，为了降低模拟计算对计算机硬件的要求，并使模拟计算更加稳定，采用了一种去耦算法，包括罚有限元方法、拟体力方法和动量方程的椭圆类方程转化方法，并建立了求解速度场和粘弹性应力场的总体有限元方程；对于PTT流体的挤出胀大问题，提出了挤出胀大熔体口模内外分离模拟法，这样可以显著降低数值模拟对计算机硬件的要求。

In this dissertation the"Penalty"finite element method was employed to compute the velocity of the three-dimensional flow of power-law fluid in a profile die. In order to decrease the needed computer memory and raise the stability of numerical simulation, a set of decoupled methods such as PFEM, pseudo-body force method and transformation of momentum equation to the elliptic equation was developed to establish the general finite element equations to compute the distributions of velocity and viscoelastic stress of the three-dimensional viscoelastic flow of the Phan ThienTanner fluid in a profile die. During numerical simulation of the extrudate swell of the PTT fluid, the flow in the die and out of the die was analyzed separately, which demands less computer memory. The key techniques used in numerical simulation of the three-dimensional extrusion from dies such as decision of boundary conditions, creation of initial velocity field, selection of penalty factor, high Weissenberg number problem , regeneration of the free surface were studied in detail.

中文题名聚合物异型材口模挤出三维流动研究副题名外文题名 Study on three-dimensional flow of polymer melts during the process of profile extrusion from dies 论文作者涂志刚导师柳和生包忠诩教授学科专业材料加工工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位南昌大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数148页关键词挤出成型聚合物材料挤出口模聚合物异型材馆藏号BSLW /2003 /TQ320 /9 本文建立了求解挤出口模内幂律流体流动速度场的通用三维罚有限元模型；对于非线性粘弹性的Phan Thien-Tanner流体，为了降低模拟计算对计算机硬件的要求，并使模拟计算更加稳定，采用了一种去耦算法，包括罚有限元方法、拟体力方法和动量方程的椭圆类方程转化方法，并建立了求解速度场和粘弹性应力场的总体有限元方程；对于PTT流体的挤出胀大问题，提出了挤出胀大熔体口模内外分离模拟法，这样可以显著降低数值模拟对计算机硬件的要求。

This article is based on the task, which is called "the theory and the method of the cooperation design of the die of bodywork forming technique based on the web".

中间件是在计算机硬件和操作系统之上，支持应用软件开发和运行的系统软件。中间件具有标准的程序接口和协议，可以实现不同硬件和操作系统平台上的数据共享和运作。

In addition, special software can be used to resolve the hardware issues, such as CyberMedia's First Aid 97, is a pretty good software, hardware conflict resolution, it can improve the Windows operating speed and quality, will be instability in the freezing process in order to prevent the collapse of the entire system.

此外，也可使用专门的软件来解决硬件上的问题，如CyberMedia的First Aid 97，就是一个相当不错的硬件冲突解决软件，它还能提高Windows的运行速度和质量，将不稳定的程序加以冻结，以防止整个系统崩溃。

Key technology of embedded gateways was introduced in detail.

选用它作为核心器件设计了网关的硬件平台，并对硬件平台建立过程中的关键技术进行了探讨。

Chapter three shows the hardware structure for the TCP/IP network interface embedded system,it includs the MCU 89C52, NIC RTL8019AS, impulse transformer FC22, in the last we get a whole hardware structure chart.

第三章重点介绍了TCP八P网络接入嵌入式模块的硬件结构，包括主要芯片89C52、RTLSO19As、脉冲变压器Fc22，最后给出一个完整的硬件结构图。

HWCHANGELOG - shows a hardware change log, itemising which components of a hardware fingerprint have changed.

HWCHANGELOG改变日志-显示一个硬件变化的日志，这些项目组成的一个硬件指纹发生改变

Instead, in the early '00s we would find our hardware performance curves beginning to level off -- this because of our inability to automate the design work needed to support further hardware improvements.

取而代之的是，在2000年初，我们会看到硬件性能曲线开始平坦——这是因为人类无法完成足够的设计自动化来支持进一步的硬件发展。

And the software industry has been keeping in lock step with these hardware developments by making each new version of the common applications that people depend upon more and more complex and bulky, requesting the full capacity of the latest and greatest hardware.

软件产业一直与硬件发展保持着齐肩并进的态势，人们最常用的应用软件的更新版本愈发复杂与宠大，只有用最新及功能最强大的硬件才能操作使用。

And the software industry has been keeping in lock step with these hardware developments by making each new version of the common applications that people depend upon more and more complex and bulky, requiring the full capacity of the latest and greatest hardware.

软件产业一直与硬件发展保持着齐肩并进的态势，人们最常用的应用软件的更新版本愈发复杂与宠大，只有用最新及功能最强大的硬件才能操作使用。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。