硫酸化

The graft polymerization of acrylonitrile on Crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol microspheres CPVA microspheres was performed by using cerium ammonium sulfate as initiator, and grafted microspheres CPVA-g-PAN were prepared. Subsequently, the grafted PAN was converted into poly via amidoximation reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride as reagent, resulting in the functional microspheres CPVA-g-PAO. The chemical structure and physicochemistry characters were adequately characterized with infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope and determining Zeta potential. The effects of main factors on the amidoximation transform reaction of the grafted PAN were researched with emphasis, and the adsorption property of the functional microspheres CPVA-g-PAO for some biomolecules was examined preliminarily with uric acid as a model biomolecule.

以硫酸铈铵为引发剂，实施了丙烯腈在交联聚乙烯醇微球表面的接枝聚合，制备了接枝微球CPVA-g-PAN，然后以盐酸羟胺为试剂，通过偕胺肟化转变，将接枝的PAN转变为聚偕胺肟，制得了接枝有聚偕胺肟的功能微球CPVA-g-PAO，采用红外光谱法、扫描电子显微镜及Zeta电位测定等法，对功能微球CPVA-g-PAO的化学结构及物理化学特性进行了表征，重点考察了各主要因素对接枝PAN的偕胺肟化转变反应的影响，也以脲酸为模型分子，初探了功能微球CPVA-g-PAO对生物分子的吸附性能。

In order to minimize the pollution of the environment with waste acids and/or waste acidic salt solution, following measures were taken:(1) Instead of using excess sulfuric acid, sulfonation reaction was carried out in the presence of excess toluene and the water produced during the sulphonation was removed by azeotropic distillation.

在CLT酸生产中，为了使废酸和酸性废盐水对环境的污染减少到最低程度，采取了如下的措施：(1)与使用过量硫酸相反，磺化反应是在过量甲苯的存在下进行，同时用共沸蒸馏方法移出了磺化过程中产生的水。

The recent processes in the domestic sulphonation units are introduced which concern heat energy recovery, utilizing SO3 from sulfuric acid unit and replacing ESP with fiber precipitator.

介绍了近年来国内磺化装置在热能回收、采用硫酸装置吸收SO_3气体、用布林克多芯纤维除雾器取代静电除雾器处理磺化尾气诸方面所作的努力和工艺流程，对建设资源节约、环境友好型的新装置及老装置改造有借鉴作用。

As to the high polarity, high boiling point resultant—trimesic acid, the analysis methods of infrared spetrum, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, vapour-phase chromatography, acid number titration and so on are seperately used to characterize its property. Infrared spetrum and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy are used to have a qualitative analysis on the resultant and are compared with the stand diagram. Sulfuric acid-methanol esterification and rapid esterification are used to prepare the trimesic acid trimethyl-ester and have a FID quantitative analysis. So that we make sure the purity of trimesic acid in the resultant and also we have an acid alkali titration on the resultant to get its acid number, in order to verify the purity of trimesic acid in the resultant.

对于高极性、高沸点的固体产物均苯三甲酸，分别采用红外光谱、气质联用、气相色谱、酸值滴定等分析手段进行了表征：利用红外光谱、气质联用的方法进行产物的定性分析，并与在同一仪器、同一条件下做出的标准谱图进行比对；采用硫酸-甲醇酯化法和快速酯化法制备出均苯三甲酸三甲酯，对其进行气相色谱FID定量分析，进而确定固体产物中均苯三甲酸的纯度；用酸碱滴定法确定固体产物的酸值，以对固体产物中均苯三甲酸的纯度进行验证。

The waste oils was esterified with continuous feeding methanol catalyzed by NaHSO4 as catalyst.

方法］在废油脂与甲醇连续进料的酯化反应条件下，研究了硫酸氢钠催化废油脂与甲醇酯化反应。

Methods: 2ethyl aniline was used as starting material of the synthesis and was processed by acetic anhydride acylation, strong nitric acid nitraction at low temperature, and desacyl synthesis to produce 2ethyl5nitro aniline. The product was then synthesized to 3methyl6nitro1Hindazole by using ringclosing reaction in the presence of NaNO2, and then ethylated to obtain 2,3diethyl6 nitro2Hindazole. The latter compound was then reduced by SnCl2/Hcl to get target compound 2,3diethyl6nitro2Hindazole.

以2乙基苯胺为原料经醋酐酰化、浓硝酸低温硝化及去酰基保护合成2乙基5硝基苯胺，后用亚硝酸钠关环得3甲基6硝基1H吲唑，经硫酸二甲酯甲基化得2，3二甲基6硝基2H吲唑，最后用氯化亚锡将其还原得到目标产物，通过1H NMR确定结构与目标产物一致。

Methods: 2-ethyl aniline was used as starting material of the synthesis and was processed by acetic anhydride acylation, strong nitric acid nitraction at low temperature, and desacyl synthesis to produce 2-ethyl-5-nitro aniline. The product was then synthesized to 3-methyl-6-nitro-lH-indazole by using ring-closing reaction in the presence of NaNO2, and then ethylated to obtain 2, 3-diethyl-6- nitro-2H-indazole. The latter compound was then reduced by SnC12/Hcl to get target compound 2, 3-diethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole.

以2-乙基苯胺为原料经醋酐酰化、浓硝酸低温硝化及去酰基保护合成2-乙基－5-硝基苯胺，后用亚硝酸钠关环得3-甲基－6-硝基－1H-吲唑，经硫酸二甲酯甲基化得2，3-二甲基－6-硝基－2H-吲唑，最后用氯化亚锡将其还原得到目标产物，通过1HNMR确定结构与目标产物一致。

Because of its nonpoisonous, DMC can substitute phosgene , dimethyl sulfate or methylating used as methyl pharmaceutical to improve the security of production and reduce the environmental pollution; As the solvent, DMC can substitute fluorine lyons , methyl chloroform , trichloroethylene , benzene , dimethylbenzene, etc.. And it can be used as the paint dope, clean solvent. As gasoline additive, DMC can raise hard octane value and oxygen content and improve its antiknock possibility.

由于DMC无毒，可替代剧毒的光气、硫酸二甲酯等作为甲基化剂或羰基化剂使用，提高生产操作的安全性，降低环境污染；作为溶剂，DMC可替代氟里昂、三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、苯、二甲苯等用于油漆涂料、清洁溶剂等；作为汽油添加剂，DMC可提高其辛烷值和含氧量，进而提高其抗爆性。

Among them, nitrate-sulfuric acid system with higher nitrating activity can get high yields at mild condition in the nitration of deactivated aromatic compounds and could be used in the laboratory and industrial applications.

其中，硝酸盐/硫酸体系具有较强的硝化能力，对于钝化芳环，可以在温和条件下以高收率得到硝化产物，在实验室制备或工业应用中具有较高的应用价值；其他硝化方法由于各种原因暂时不能对钝化程度较高的芳环进行硝化，还需进一步研究具有较高活性的硝化体系。

Chemical raw materials: include a variety of plating materials and metal surface treatment agent: sodium such as tin, stannous chloride, pyrophosphate Asian tin, copper sulfate, nickel acetate, copper acetate, nickel fluoride, cobalt sulphate, acetic acid cobalt, hydrofluoric acid, anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin, scale inhibitors, cleaning agents, detergents,the phosphating agent, plate washer water, with the exception of Prince agents, rust removal agent, the American Iron and Steel room temperature blackening agent, on behalf of behalf of the black-white (open cylinder agents, supplements), and alloys such as gun color..

二。化工原料：包括各种电镀原料及金属表面处理剂：如锡酸钠、氯化亚锡、焦磷酸亚锡、硫酸铜、醋酸镍、醋酸铜、氟化镍、硫酸钴、醋酸钴、氢氟酸、阴离子交换树脂、阳离子交换树脂、阻垢剂、清灰剂、除垢剂、创辉的磷化剂、洗板水、除腊剂、除油除锈剂、美国的钢铁常温发黑剂、代白代黑、枪色黑合金等。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。