硝氨基

A method for determinating the activities of pectinase was proposed in this paper. It can produce the red-brown amino compounds when 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and aldehyde were heated together. The amino compounds had maximum absorbency at 540nm. In certain range, there was a good linear relationship between the amount of reducing sugar and the color of the reaction mixture.

针对QB1502-92标准测定方法测定高活力果胶酶、固定化果胶酶活力存在的实验误差大，重现性及灵敏度差的缺陷，提出了利用3，5-二硝基水杨酸与醛糖共热产生棕红色的氨基化合物，在一定范围内还原糖的量和含有呈色氨基化合物的反应液颜色深浅成正比的原理，在540nm下测其吸光度，从而计算出果胶酶活力的测定方法，并对测定步骤、影响因素及测定中可能出现的问题进行了试验研究。

The 1,5-Bis(4-aminophenylazo) anthraquinone, 1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl azo) anthraquinone and 1,5-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphe nylazo) anthraquinone were synthesized by diazotizing 1,5-biaminoanthraquinone with nitrosyl sulfuric acid and coupling with aniline, phenol and o-cresol.

合成以1，5-二氨基蒽醌为原料，经亚硝酰硫酸重氮化，分别和苯胺、苯酚及邻甲酚偶合，得到双（4-氨基苯）－1，5-二偶氮蒽醌，双（4-羟基苯）－1，5-二偶氮蒽醌和双（3-甲基－4-羟基苯）－1，5-二偶氮蒽醌，反应产率达47%~62%。

The B3LYP/6-31G calculations on the four complexes show that the largest interaction energy is-13.98 kJmol^(-1) in the complex composed of HMX and hexaazacalix [3]-p-triarene [3]-2-amido-1, 3, 5-triazine. Results show that intermolecular interaction energies of azacalix [6] arenes with substituted groups are stronger than that without substituted groups, and intermolecular interaction energies of azacalix [6] arenes with amido groups are stronger than that with nitryl groups.

研究发现分子间相互作用能最大的复合物是六氮杂杯[3]-对－三芳烃[3]-2-氨基－1，3，5-三嗪与HMX所形成的复合物，最大相互作用能为－13.98 kJmol^(-1)；而且带有取代基的复合物的相互作用能大于没有带取代基的复合物，带有氨基取代基的复合物的相互作用能大于带有硝基取代基的复合物。

Besides, the derivatives were synthesized successfully by the similar acid binding agent system, such as tris(4-nitrophenyl) thiophosphate, tris(4-toluene)thiophosphate. The derivative of maleic anhydride was synthesized by the simple method, and its yield was above 90%.

采用类似的缚酸剂体系成功地合成了硫代磷酸三(4-硝基苯)酯、硫代磷酸三(4-甲基苯)酯，并用简单的方法合成了硫代磷酸三(4-氨基苯)酯的马来酸酐衍生物——硫代磷酸三(4-马来酸氨基苯)酯，产率达90％以上。

Based on the technology introduced from Japan and Europe, the company adopts the domestic and overseas advanced equipment and raw materials to develop high quality non-flavescenct household appliances ornament paints, ecological polyester woodware paints and non-toxicity and pollution-free building interior- and extencr.wall latex paints, meanwhile, it produces several hundreds of varieties in eight categories including high grade polyurethane varnish, color paints and nitro-, amino- and alkyd paints series products, amino-hammer paint and synthetic resin, low-free TDI polyester curing agent.

以日本，欧洲引进的先进技术为依托，采用国内外的先进设备和原材料，开发出适合中国特点、达到国际品质的高档无黄变家居装饰漆、生态聚酯木器漆及无毒无污染的建筑内外墙乳胶漆。公司同时生产高级聚氨酯清漆、彩色漆、硝基、氨基、醇酸系列漆、氨基锤纹漆及合成树脂、低游离TDI聚酯固化剂等八大类几百个品种

It was prepared from \%o\% nitroaniline and \%m\% aminophenol by diazotisation, coupling reaction and reduction, yield was 89%.

以邻硝基苯胺和间氨基酚为原料，经重氮化、偶合、还原制备了 2 (2 羟茎 4 氨基苯基)氢化苯并三唑，产率为 89%。

This paper proposes a method for the determination of 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-benzenearsonic acid and arsanilic acid in the nitration reaction product of arsanilic acid by ion-pair chromatography.

本文提出一种用于测定对氨基苯胂酸硝化反应产物中4-羟基-3-硝基苯胂酸及对氨基苯胂酸含量的离子对色谱法，选择甲醇：水=25：75作为流动相，0。

The compound of BNTMBP wassynthesized by the condensation reaction between 4-chloronitrobenzene (4CNB) and 4, 4'-dihydroxy-3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethyl biphenyl in the presence of potassium carbonate in the mixture solvents of N, N-dimethylformamide and tolune.

4， 4'-二羟基－3， 3'， 5， 5'-四甲基联苯、4-氯硝基苯(4CNB)和碳酸钾在N， N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲苯的混合溶剂体系中回流反应，合成得到了4， 4'-双（4-硝基苯氧基）－3， 3'， 5， 5'-四甲基联苯；随后，在Pd/C-水合肼的还原体系中，被进一步还原，得到了4， 4'-双（4-氨基苯氧基）－3， 3'， 5， 5'-四甲基联苯。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

For the first three months of pregnancy, women should try to avoid perming hair, perming agents due to the nitro-containing compounds and alkaline hydrogen peroxide; especially hair dyes containing nitro-, amino-aromatic compounds, may affect fetal development, resulting in severe fetal deficiency occurred.

对于怀孕头三个月的妇女，应尽量避免烫发染发，因烫发剂中含碱性的硝基化合物和过氧化氢；特别是染发剂含有硝基、氨基的芳香族化合物，会影响胎儿的发育，严重的导致胎儿发生缺陷症。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。