硝基置换

In this study, new benzo[l,2,3]thiadiazole derivatives were designed according to relationship of structure and efficacy. The 9 novel compounds were synsthesized with following reactions. The chlorine atom in 2-chloro-3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid as beginning raw material was substituted by 2-methylpropane-2-thiol, esterified then with bromoethane, reduced by iron powder and cyclized to obtain ethyl benzo[l,2,3]thiadiazole-7 after diazonation reation.

本论文根据苯并噻二唑诱导剂的构效关系设计了新的苯并噻二唑的结构，并合成了9个未见文献报道的化合物，合成步骤如下：采用2-氯-3，5-二硝基苯甲酸为起始原料，苯环上的氯原子被叔丁基硫醇置换，羧酸由溴乙烷酯化，硝基由铁粉还原，随后经重氮化关环生成苯并[1，2，3]噻二唑-7-羧酸乙酯。

Although scientists have not previously identified the precise connection between oxidation and neurodegenerative diseases, researchers from the US department of energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and UCLA's David Geffen school of medicine have found that damage is due to a byproduct of oxidisation called nitration.

尽管科学家们之前并未确定氧化和神经退化疾病的精确联系，美国能源部太平洋西北国家实验室和加州大学洛杉机分校David Geffen医学院的研究人员们已经发现细胞破坏源于一种氧化作用的副产品硝基置换。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。