硝化菌

Denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria is a kind of bacteria that can release phosphorus under anaerobic condition and take up phosphorus under anoxic conditions while simultaneous denitrify nitrate or nitrite.

反硝化聚磷菌是一类能够在厌氧状态下释磷，缺氧存在硝酸盐NO3(上标-或亚硝酸盐NO2(上标-的情况下聚磷，并同时反硝化的聚磷菌。

In this study,under laboratory conditions,using traditional microbiological culture method,select the Pb2+ stress training of Pistia stratiote and Myriophyllum spicatum L. under water culture, through the changs of root- microbial of Pistia stratiote and Myriophyllum spicatum L.,the results show that bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes have different concentrations under Pb2+ stress. It is specificity of ammonification, nitrification,andanti-Nitrosation after Pb2+ stress.

中文摘要：本研究在实验室条件下，用传统的微生物培养法，选择重金属离子Pb2+在水培条件下对大薸和穗状狐尾藻进行胁迫培养，通过测定大薸和穗状狐尾藻根系的微生物区系及与氮循环有关的四种细菌的数量变化发现：细菌、真菌、放线菌对重金属Pb2+的不同浓度的敏感性不同；重金属Pb2+胁迫对氨化、硝化、亚硝化和反硝化四类细菌的影响也表现出各自的特殊性。

The characters and performance of the biofilm were studied. When the concentration of nitrite is 206.82 mg/L, the velocity of nitrification is 260 mg/L·d. The best performed bacteria, N-20, were identified as Nitrobacter sp.

实验得到了稳定的自养硝化生物膜；当NO-2浓度为206.82mg/L时，生物膜的稳定硝化速率可达260mg/L·d；经鉴定，硝化速率最高的N20菌株属硝化杆菌属(Nitrobactersp。)。

The effect of PPC preoxidation on nitrification was conducted by measuring the quantity of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria ,nitrosification performance and nitrification performance in the BAC process.

结果表明，高锰酸盐预氧化后的生物活性炭与单独生物活性炭上亚硝酸菌和硝酸菌的分布具有相同规律；但高锰酸盐预氧化后生物活性炭工艺中亚硝酸菌和硝酸菌数量、亚硝化速度及硝化速度都要高于单独的生物活性炭，这是高锰酸盐促进后续生物活性炭工艺去除氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的主要原因

In this paper, adopted augmenting culture in nitrite bacteria culture media and the method of silica gel plate isolation,31 strains of bacteria were isolated from vegetable garden soil of our school. The color reaction test was carried out with Griess reagent and culture fluid, which was regarded as the index to determine producing NO2- or not. 13 strains which color were deep were obtained and they were further rescreened by doing nitrite test. A strain N4(coded N4,the same to the following)with higher rate of nitrosification was picked up after rescreened; A strain B08( coded B08 ,the same to the following) with higher rate of denitrification was obtained after isolated and rejuvenated from our lab conserving mixed denitrifying bacteria culture.

本研究采用亚硝化细菌富集培养基选择培养和硅胶平板分离法，从本校农场菜园土中分离到31株细菌，以格利斯试剂对培养液的反应颜色深浅作为指标衡量其产NO_2~-的多少，经初筛从分离株中筛选出13株格利斯试剂反应颜色较深的菌株，再对这13株菌作亚硝化试验，最终选出一株亚硝化速率较高的菌株(编号为N_4，下同)；另外，通过对本实验室保存的反硝化细菌混合菌液进行分离复壮，筛选出一株反硝化速率高的菌株编号为B_

The sludge age in the reactor is large, so that nitrobacteria and nitrosomonas live together. The nitrogen removal via nitrite was possible mainly because the activity of nitrobacteria was inhibited rather than rushed out in number.

反应器内的污泥龄较长，硝酸菌和亚硝酸菌长期共存，发生短程硝化反硝化主要因为硝酸菌的活性受到抑制，而不是数量上受到淘汰。

But the effluent ammonium in the anoxic reactor, where enough NO2 present were present, was equal to the blank system, and no ammonium was converted to such nitrogen compounds as NO-2 and N2 by Nitrosomonas eutropha using NO2 as electron acceptor, which maybe caused by lack of the function bacteria.

但在足够NO2存在并且缺氧的条件下，单级自养脱氮系统内的出水氨氮浓度与空白反应器相当，NH+4并没有被亚硝化单胞菌以NO2为电子受体氧化为NO-2和N2等化合物而得以去除，可能是因为系统内不存在该类型的亚硝化功能菌。

But the effluent ammonium in the anoxic reactor, where enough NO2 were present, was equal to the blank system, and no ammonium was converted to such nitrogen compounds as NO2- and N2 by Nitrosomonas eutropha using NO2 as electron acceptor, which maybe caused by lack of the function bacteria. There were two ANAMMOX reaction pathways in the one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system. One way was that after part of NH4+ was oxidized to NH2OH under aerobic conditions, NH2OH and NO2- were converted to N2O under anaerobic conditions, at last N2O was further converted to N2 which realized the nitrogen removal; Another way was that at first NO2- was reduced to NH2OH, NH2OH reacted with NH4+ to form N2H4, which was further converted to N2 subsequently, realizing the nitrogen removal.

结果表明：单级自养脱氮系统内6.72%的氨氮是通过吹脱等物化作用去除的，不超过6.02%的氨氮是通过传统硝化反硝化途径去除的，87.26%左右的氨氮是由自养脱氮途径去除的，自养脱氮反应起主要脱氮作用；在足够NO2存在且缺氧的条件下，单级自养脱氮系统内的出水氨氮浓度与空白反应器相当，NH4+并没有被亚硝化单胞菌以NO2为电子受体氧化为NO2-和N2等化合物而得以去除，可能是因为系统内不存在该代谢功能的亚硝化功能菌；单级自养脱氮系统内存在两条ANAMMOX反应途径：其中一条途径即NH4+在好氧条件下被氧化为NH2OH后，生成的NH2OH与系统内的NO2-在缺氧条件下被转化为N2O，N2O则进一步被转化为N2而实现氮的去除；另外一条途径即NO2-首先被还原为NH2OH，生成的NH2OH则与系统内的NH4+反应生成N2H4，N2H4继续被转化为N2而实现氮的去除。

The results indicate that (1) After acclimation and induction, Phosphorus Accumulating Organism not only has the characteristics of denitrification, but also has the characteristics of takeup phosphate in aerobic;(2) Denitrifying phosphate accumulating bacteria using NO3- as electron acceptor indeed existed in the conventional enhanced biological phosphorus removal system;(3) The facultative anaerobe seperated during the process of acclimation are Corynebacterium, Pseudodiphtheria corynebacterium, Staphylococcus and Moraxella; all of which can be functioned as denitrifying phosphorus accumulating to various degree.

试验结果表明：(1)好氧聚磷菌经驯化诱导后不但具有反硝化产氮特性，而且具有好氧聚磷特性；(2)在传统的A2O 工艺中存在有以NO3-为电子受体的反硝化聚磷菌；(3)在驯化过程中分离到的兼性厌氧微生物有棒状杆菌属、假白喉棒杆菌、葡萄球菌属及莫拉氏菌属，且都有不同程度的反硝化聚磷功能。

On the basis of denitrifying phosphorus removal theory, the mechanism and process of denitrifying phosphorus removal were summarized and the capability of denitrifying phosphorus removal was compared with conventional process.

在介绍反硝化除磷理论的基础上，对反硝化除磷机理和工艺作了综合概括，并与传统好氧除磷进行了比较，重点说明了反硝化聚磷菌的研究现状和最新反硝化除磷工艺的特点。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。