硝化作用

Terrestrial microorganisms play a vital role in soil nitrogen cycling. They participate in important ecological processes such as nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification and denitrification.

土壤微生物在土壤氮循环中发挥着不可替代的作用，参与了包括固氮作用、氨化作用、硝化作用和反硝化作用等重要生态过程。

In this paper, the effects of enrofloxacin residues on soil ecological processes (soil respiration, soil cellulosic decomposition, soil ammonification , and soil nitrification) were studied.

1μg/ g土对土壤氨化作用有刺激作用，而较高浓度恩诺沙星残留(1μg/ g土，10μg/ g土)则会对其起抑制作用，药物作用活性期为 9d；不同浓度恩诺沙星对土壤硝化作用影响极其显著，当恩诺沙星浓度达到 1μg/ ml时，在 3～ 9d内，对土壤硝化作用有一定抑制作用。

In this paper, the importance of denitrification in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in estuaries is summarized, It introduces methods of denitrification determination, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

本文综述了河口区域反硝化作用在N元素生物地球化学循环过程中的重要作用，概述了不同测定反硝化速率的方法，并提出了各种方法的优缺点。总结了反硝化作用的影响因素：O2浓度，NO3，有机质，温度，生物等。

The communities of Denitrifying bacteria, and some key enzymes of denitrification were also introduced.

从反硝化的角度出发，论述了反硝化细菌的类群、反硝化作用的机理、反硝化细菌细胞中参与反硝化过程的关键酶。

After years' effort, a new aerobic denitrifier that can deoxidize NO 3 - to N 2 and N 2 O has been isolated from ocean environment. Compound bacterial production is made up of aerobic denitrifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and organic compound degrading bacteria.

本项目将好氧还硝化菌、硝化细菌和有机质高效降解菌制成复合微生物制剂，通过多种微生物共同作用，在好氧的条件下能同时进行有机质降解、硝化作用和反硝化作用，可有效降低水中的三氮（ NH 4 +、 NO 2 -、 NO 3 -）。

Nitrification is one of the most important step is the nitrogen cycle, this series of reactions are responsible for chemoautotrophic nitrobacteria, therefore the chemoautotrophic nitrobacteria play an important role in nitrogen cycle.

摘要 硝化作用为整个氮循环的必须步骤之一，这一连串的反应主要由自营性的硝化菌负责，因此，自营性硝化菌在氮循环中扮演著关键的角色。

The results show that:①The forest soils have the stronger nitrification, but also the nitrification in surface horizon is stronger than the undersoil's.

结果表明：①森林土壤有较强的硝化活性，且表土层比底层土强，同时根际土利于硝化作用进行，根际效应R/S在4.5左右；②淹水厌气培养24h，-N的消失率为52%～58%，占第10天的55%～71%，且表土层-N的消失率比底层土大；③参与同化反硝化作用的还原酶活性较强，在培养24h后，被还原的基质数量占加入基质数量的70%～90%。

The results showed that the wastewaters from the production of dyestuff, rubber and assistants from individual discharging points had significant effects on nitrification,while some characteristic pollutants,sueh as aminobenzene,nitrobenzene,phenol as weU as Zn2+,Mn2+,and Ni2+,especially Ni2+,had obvious inhibiting effects on nitrification,resulting in obvious reduction of the rate of nitrificatiOn in the biochemical treatment system.

研究结果表明：来源于个别排放点的染料生产污水、橡胶生产污水、助剂生产污水对硝化作用有显著的影响，一些特征污染物如苯胺，硝基苯，苯酚及Zn2+，Mn2+，Ni2+均对硝化作用有明显的抑制作用，从而导致生化处理系统的硝化反应速率明显降低，而且以Ni2+最为显著。

Heterotrophic nitrification bacteria are able to utilize organic carbon sources to grow and produce hydroxylamine, nitrite and nitrate from nitrogen compounds, and most of them can also denitrify these products to gaseous nitrogen compounds simultaneously.

异养硝化细菌能够在利用有机碳源生长的同时将含氮化合物硝化生成羟胺、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐等产物，多数还能同时进行好氧反硝化作用，直接将硝化产物转化为含氮气体。

When studying simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in membranebioreactor,it was foud that the concentration of DO was a key factor and the influence of C/N,pH value and temperature were unconspicuous.

在研究同步硝化反硝化作用时发现，C／N、pH值和温度对同步硝化反硝化作用无影响，DO是影响系统同步硝化反硝化的关键因素。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了