硝化

Catalytic activities and regioselectivities of sodium dihydrogen phosphate for nitrations of toluene were investigated by gas chromatography.

研究了磷酸二氢钠催化甲苯硝化反应的催化活性，通过气相色谱考察了催化剂用量、反应时间、硝化反应温度及催化剂的重复使用等因素对甲苯转化率和产物区域选择性的影响。

In this paper, the thermochemistry and thermodynamics parameters of semi-batch reaction were measured by adding toluene into the reactor filled with mixed acid, which can be used for safer operation design.

混酸条件下的甲苯硝化是一个典型的液-液两相反应，本文主要通过自动化实验室反应量热器测试了向混酸中滴加甲苯这一半间歇硝化过程中的热化学和动力学数据，从而进行反应过程的安全性研究。

NH3-N is convered in to nitrogen under the condition of anoxic, which is termed as nitrification.

生物脱氮是指利用微生物将含氮化合物中的氮转化为氮气，它分为硝化和反硝化两个过程。

6Mm, width is about 0.15mm; When the sludge begin to acclimate to the nitrous nitrifying conditions, bacillar flocculation gradually dwindle and decomposition, still disperse into little flocculation.

6高浓度氨氮废水亚硝化稳定期的特征污泥相为：杆状絮体，长度约0.25～1.6mm，宽约0.15mm；当污泥开始对亚硝化产生适应后杆状絮体逐渐变小、解体，直至分散成为很细碎的絮体。

The para-selectivities of mononitration in aromatic compounds such as ethylbenzene, bromobenzene and iodobenzene increased by 18%, 15% and 16% respectively.

反应具有强对位选择硝化能力，乙苯、溴苯和碘苯的对位硝化比例分别提高18%、15%和16%。

In the batch incubation with addition of Asadsorbing ferrihydrite, the presence of arsenicresistant denitrificator caused an increase in concentrations of Fe and Mn, a decrease in concentrations of NO-3 and As, and a high ratio of As to the total As.

在吸附有砷的水铁矿体系中，反硝化菌所产生的反硝化作用可导致溶液中NO-3含量的降低、Fe含量的升高、As含量降低，且As所占比例增加。

Strain H1 could denitrify under shallow shaking conditions as well as in the initial atmospheric oxygen concentration ranging from 0~21%.

在150 mL的培养液中，连续以2 L/min的速率通气， H1依然能够反硝化，但是更高的通气速率则反硝化停止。16S rDNA序列分析表明，菌株H1与Ralstonia taiwanensis相似性达98%。

Denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria is a kind of bacteria that can release phosphorus under anaerobic condition and take up phosphorus under anoxic conditions while simultaneous denitrify nitrate or nitrite.

反硝化聚磷菌是一类能够在厌氧状态下释磷，缺氧存在硝酸盐NO3(上标-或亚硝酸盐NO2(上标-的情况下聚磷，并同时反硝化的聚磷菌。

Prolonging nitration time and increasing reaction temperature would promote the formation of dinitro products while shortening the nitration time and decreasing reaction temperature would promote the formation of mono-nitro products.

延长反应时间和提高反应温度有利于二硝化产物的形成，缩短反应时间和降低反应温度有利于单硝化产物的形成。

The sludge settling characteristic is satisfying with SV varying from 22 to 30 and SVI varying from 58 to 80ml/g.The sludge bulking problem has been avoided successfully. The excess sludge can be thickened to 3%-4 %. The alkalinity remains equilibrious between the nitrification and denitrification in SBR-BAF system. The COD and TP loading of SBR are 2.08kgCOD/kgMLSS·d and 41.68gTP/kgMLSS·d, respectively. The NH4+-N loading of BAF is 1.16kgNH_4~+-N/m~3.d. The total HRT is about 10 hours which is only about half of suspended growth process for simultaneous phosphorous and nitrogen removal. Under the above mentioned high loadings and short HRT, the mean removal efficiency of COD, TP, NH4+-N, TN is 96%, 98%, 93%, and 84%, respectively. The mean effluent concentration of COD, TP, NH4+-N, TN, SS is 20mg/L, 0.23 mg/L, 3.24 mg/L, 7.68 mg/L, 5 mg/L respectively, which means every index can meet the first class of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant.

最后，以上述最佳运行参数控制SBR-BAF系统运行，长期运行结果表明：系统中悬浮污泥的絮凝、沉降性能良好，SV值为22~30，SVI值为58~80，不再有污泥膨胀之虞，而且可以对剩余污泥进行重力浓缩，浓缩后污泥浓度可以达到3~4%；短程硝化和反硝化使得系统可以维持碱度平衡，无需额外补充碱度；系统在高负荷(SBR反应器COD负荷为2.08kgCOD/kgMLSS.d，TP负荷为41.68gTP/kgMLSS.d，BAF反应器NH4+-N负荷为1.16kgNH_4~+-N/m~3.d)、低水力停留时间(SBR反应器9h，BAF反应器1h，总计10h，约为同步脱氮除磷悬浮污泥工艺的一半)下稳定高效运行，对COD(不计BAF加入的外碳源)、TP、NH_4~+-N、TN的平均去除率为96%、98%、93%、84%，出水COD、TP、NH4+-N、TN、SS的平均浓度为20mg/L、0.23 mg/L、3.24 mg/L、7.68 mg/L、5 mg/L，各项水质指标均达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002 )一级标准的A标准的要求。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。