硅

The results show that the undissolved silicon particles in the melt become the cores of primary silicon precipitated in solidification and there is a close relationship between the shape of primary silicon and undissolved silicon particles. The growth of silicon follows not only the twin plane re-entrant edge mechanism, but also layer mechanism as well. Meanwhile, the shape of primary silicon also relies on kinetic surroundings, such as the transmitting of solute. At higher overheating temperature, the shape of primary silicon becomes the star-shape and tree-shape.

结果表明：重熔过程中熔体中未溶解的硅相粒子，在凝固过程中可成为初生硅生长核心，并且未熔颗粒与初生硅形状之间存在明显对应关系；初生硅的生长机制不是惟一的，既可以以孪晶凹角机制生长，还可以以层状机制生长，初生硅最终形状还要取决于溶质传输等动力学环境；随着熔体过热温度的升高，凝固组织中初生硅形状由多边形向星形及树枝状转变。

While all the phenyl groups in tetraphenylphenyl groups or benzophenanthrene groups are not coplanar. At the same time, by density function theory, the electronic energy gap between HOMO and LUMO frontier molecular orbitals of condensed aromatics are calculated and the Eg of acenaphthenyl groups in C_2 gum is the smallest, which explains the reason why C_2 gum has the best radiation protection effects.

利用甲基三氯硅烷和溴苯的格氏反应合成了甲基苯基二氯硅烷，用核磁分析证实了格氏反应中高沸点副产物为甲基二苯基氯硅烷；通过甲基苯基二氯硅烷和二甲基二氯硅烷的共水解，再裂解而制得含Me_2SiO链节的甲基苯基环硅氧烷混合物，进而利用碱胶开环聚合得到甲基苯基硅橡胶生胶；也可通过甲基苯基二氯硅烷水解所得甲基苯基环硅氧烷D_3~(3Ph、D_4~(4Ph_)与D_4开环聚合制得甲基苯基硅橡胶生胶。

The chemistry behavior research of wollastonite indicated that the silicon-potassium fertilizer has a chemical active in organic acid.The factors affecting manurial effect of silicon-potassium fertilizer are not only soil pH and desilicification,but also content and type of organ in the soil.Wollastonite chemistry behavior indicates that silicic acid can be dissolved out from silicon-potassium fertilizer in chlorhydric acid solution if pH of solution is not smaller than 2. The drop of apparent density,increase of DBP sorptive rate and specific surface for leavings indicate that hydrated silicon oxide is polyporous,and those mineralogic feature presignify that silicon-potassium fertilizer has a role of conservation of both Moisture and Fertility and improving soil structure.After active ingredient releasing,silicon-potassium fertilizer leaves half the substance (non-active ingredient)in soil.

熟料单矿物在酸溶液中的化学行为研究表明，硅钾肥矿物在有机弱酸中的化学活性较好，影响硅钾肥肥效发挥的因素是土壤pH值和土壤的去硅化程度，还有土壤有机质的含量与种类；硅灰石在盐酸溶液中化学行为表明，在反应体系pH不小于2的情况下，硅钾肥矿物大量溶出硅酸根组分；溶解残余物表观密度降低、DBP吸着率和比表面积增加表明水合二氧化硅是以多孔形式存在，为硅钾肥具有保水保肥、改良土壤结构的提供了矿物学依据。

Some factors to influence the silicon content of hot metal were proposed on the basis of the experiment in the lab: increasing the binary basicity is favorable to desiliconization; the oxide in slag debases the silicon activity and is of great advantage to desiliconization; Al2O3 and SiO2 are disadvantageous to desiliconization, the volatilization content of SiO2 in coke increases with increasing smelting temperature, leading to increase the silicon content of hot metal; the silicon content of hot metal increases with increasing the drip zone's altitude.

在实验室进行了降低铁水中硅含量的实验，得到了铁水中硅含量的影响因素：提高二元碱度有利于降硅；增加渣中氧化物可降低SiO2的活度有利于降硅；Al2O3和SiO2不利于降硅；冶炼时焦炭中SiO2的挥发量随温度的升高而增多，使铁水中硅含量增加；随着滴落带高度的增加，铁水中硅含量不断增加。

On the silicon substrate an epitomical layer is made,where IC components are formed subsequently.In an CVDprocess,the silicon substrates places in a vacuum crystal tube are first heated to 1,600°C by high-frequency radio power and then H⒉Cl⒉Si and certain gaseous compounds of As or P is injected into the tube to make a deposit of several um on their surface.Ions of As or P are impurity deliberately added to the singl-crystalline silicon structure to supply electrons that transmit "negative"current in the silicon crystals,which is called n-type silicon.Bcan be added as impurity to produce p-type silicon that supplies holes for transmitting "positive"current.Whether a p--type of an n-type silicon substrate is needed depends on what type of transistors is expected to be manufactured on it:n-p-n type of p-n-p type

对硅衬底上的一个epitomical层了，而IC零件形成subsequently.in一个CVD法（化学气相depsition ）过程中，硅衬底的地方在真空晶体管均先加热至1600 ° C时，由高频率的无线电功率，并然后h ⒉氯⒉硅和某些气态的化合物，砷或P ，是注入试管，使存款的几位嗯对他们surface.ions的作为或P是杂质刻意添加到单结晶硅的结构，以供应电子传递的&负面&目前，在硅晶体，即所谓N型silicon.b ，可以增加一条，作为杂质产生的p型硅供应孔转递&积极& current.whether一个P -类型的一个n型硅衬底，是需要靠哪些类型的晶体管预计将在制造上它： NPN型的PNP型

Based on the previous research on the deposition of amorphous/microcrystalline silicon tandem solar cells, silane concentration for the deposition of microcrystalline bottom cell was selected to further optimize the performance for micromorph tandem solar cells using very high frequency technique. Finally, micromorph silicon tandem solar cell with 11.02%(Area=1.0cm2) initial conversion efficiency has been fabricated at a certain silane concentration and suitable light trapping structure.

采用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术，在前期我们单室沉积的微晶硅薄膜太阳电池和非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池研究的基础上，通过对微晶硅底电池本征层硅烷浓度的优化，获得了初始效率达到11.02%（电池面积1.0cm2）的非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池。

Organosilicon high-boiling components was by-product from direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes,The routes for production of monosilane,silicone oil,organosilicon water-proof agent,defoaming reagent,ceramics,organosilicon resin from the high-boiling components and their technical features were outlined,and some suggestions on development direction of catalysis cracking were put forward.

有机硅高沸物是合成甲基氯硅烷单体的副产物，作者简述了利用有机硅高沸物制备单硅烷、硅油、有机硅防水剂、消泡剂、陶瓷和有机硅树脂等产品的生产方法及技术特点，并对高沸物催化裂解产业化的发展方向提出了建议。

It was shown that the root elongation was inhibited and the malonaldehyde content in root apices and the antioxidase activities of root apices were increased under Al stress (30 μmol/L), while the effects of Al were significantly alleviated by the addition of Si (1.4 mmol/L). Moreover, both Si added before Al treatment and Si added simultaneously with Al treatment could alleviate these effects. On the other hand, the cultivar of Seca was shown to be more sensitive to Al than other cultivars in the absent of Si, while Al-resistance distinction among the cultivars of stylosanthes turned to be non-significant in the present of Si in the pre-cultured solution or both pre-cultured and Al-treatment solutions.

研究结果表明，在铝(30 μmol/L)胁迫条件下柱花草根伸长受阻、根尖丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性显著增加，而硅(1.4 mmol/L)处理增加根中硅的含量而降低了铝对根伸长、MDA含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响，且铝处理前12h供给的硅和前处理溶液及铝溶液中均加硅处理的影响均显著；在不加硅条件下西卡品种的耐铝性显著低于其它品种，而经硅预处理的植株和在预处理及铝处理期间均供应硅的植株的耐铝性不同品种间的差异不显著。

The recent progress in molecular design and synthesis of polyborosilazane precurosors for SiBCN ceramics is reviewed.Especially the borazine modified polyborosilazane,monofunctional borane modified polyborosilazane on side chai...

本文分4个方面，即基于硼吖嗪的聚硼硅氮烷、侧基含有环硼氮烷或单硼烷的聚硼硅氮烷、基于多官能硼烷构筑的聚硅氮烷和含硼聚硅基碳化二亚胺，从聚硼硅氮烷分子结构设计、改性、合成及在多维尺寸材料中初步应用的角度综述了该领域国内外研究的新进展，指出了聚硼硅氮烷陶瓷前驱体设计合成研究发展中值得关注的新方向。

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According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。