砷

Clinoclasite, olivenite, cornwallite, cornuhite, conichalcite, adamite, duftite, hayldonite, mimetesite, carminite, dussertite, scorodite, Ba-bearing pharmacosiderite and heudanite. The physical properties, optical constants, chemical composition, X-ray data, infrared absorption spectra and differential thermal analyses of the minerals are given in this paper, which serve as a sheet of fairly perfect data for arsenate minerals in China.

是有疑义的矿物；而光线石、墨绿砷铜石、羟砷铜石、乳砷铅铜石、砷铅铁石、绿砷钡铁石及含钡毒铁石等是在国内首次发现的矿物；橄榄铜矿、砷铅石等在国内未见有其矿物学数据的公开报导。

The investigation results indicate that:(1) During the process of waste acid, based on the proposed result of air oxidation flocculent precipitation, arsenic in waste acid can be transformed to high-class white arsenic or arsenic acid copper product.

在前人研究结果的基础上，根据含砷污酸与含砷废渣中主要元素存在形态和性质提出了用空气氧化絮凝沉淀法从污酸制备砷酸铜和白砷新处理工艺；提出了铟生产过程中选择性硫化沉淀除砷，提出了含砷废渣对土壤影响的治理方案。

Compared to wet season, arsenic is difficult to mobile in dry season. Attenuation constant in dry season is 0.3082(1/km), but it is 0.0569(1/km)in wet season. If initial concentration of As was 500μg/L without other contamination source in down stream, arsenic would deceased to 50μg/L in down stream 7.5km in dry season but 40km in down stream 40km. As is dominate species in river running throμgh mining area.

砷在枯水期较丰水期难以迁移，通过计算得到，在枯水期砷的衰减系数K值为0.3082(1/km)，而在丰水期为0.0569(1/km)；在污染口浓度达到500μg/L时，下游没有其它的砷的污染源(或会影响砷衰减的其它污染源)时，枯水期砷会在下游7.5km之后浓度降到50μg/L，而丰水期则要在下游40km之后才能降到同样的值，所以在丰水期砷污染的影响的流域更广。

When pH is 10, adsorption time is 30 min, dosage of bone char is 0.6 g/L, the original concentration of As in drinking water is 0.5 mg/L, As removal can reach 95.2%. The adsorption behavior is fitted both with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption mechanism is supposed to be Ca—OH functional groups combined with anion. And there may occur the co-precipitation between calcium hydrogen arsenate and hydroxylapatite in the aqueous solution, and ions also exchange. The saturation adsorption capacity of As reaches 4.688 mg/g. Indexes of effluent are in good agreement with the WHO stringent drinking water standards (0.01 mg/L).

研究结果表明：在pH=10，吸附时间为30 min和骨炭加入量为0.6 g/L，饮用水砷初始质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时其砷去除率可达95.2%；骨炭吸附砷的行为同时符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型；其吸附机理可能是Ca—OH官能团结合HASO4阴离子，并产生砷酸氢钙和羟基磷灰石的共沉淀，另外还存在离子交换作用；吸附柱的饱和吸附容量为4.688 mg/g；出水砷浓度符合世界卫生组织规定饮水砷标准(0.01 mg/L)。

The results showed that As forms in soils were mainly composed by fixed forms of As when As added at high rate and soil As for ms were mainly composed by labile As,esp.exchangable As,when As added at low rat e.The lability of soil As was improved when astragalusy was added.

结果表明，外源砷浓度高时土壤砷形态以固定态砷为主，外源砷浓度低时以活性态砷为主，尤以交换态砷为主；施入紫云英土壤砷的活性增强；土壤AEC与活性砷含量呈线性正相关。

It is very peculiar that the region of arsenism and the number of arsenism people caused by burning high arsenic coals.

因此根据目前国内外对煤中砷的研究进展，在全国范围内有计划取样，研究中国煤中砷的含量、分布及其影响因素；探讨我国煤砷的赋存状态；选择大气中出现砷异常的西南地区，研究煤中砷脱洗机理；在室内模拟燃烧的基础上，研究燃煤砷排放机制。

A compartmented soil-glass bead culture system was used to investigate characteristics of arsenic accumulation in iron plaque and in mature rice plants irrigated using water with arsenic in greenhouse.

采用土壤-玻璃珠联合培养的方式，选择2个氧化能力不同的水稻品种YY-1、94D-64和采自浙江富阳的土壤(砷的本底值为13.8 mg.kg-1)，并设灌溉清水和含砷水2个处理(即在分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期5个生育阶段灌溉含砷污水，随灌溉水进入土壤中砷的浓度为3.2 mg.kg-1)，研究了砷在土壤-根表铁氧化物-水稻系统中的累积规律以及土壤和灌溉水对水稻秸秆和籽粒富集砷的贡献程度。

A compartmented soil-glass bead culture system was used to investigate characteristics of arsenic accumulation in iron plaque and in mature rice plants irrigated using water with arsenic in greenhouse. Arsenic was supplied as a solution of Na3AsO4·12H2O at the following stages: tillering, stem elongation, booting, flowering and grain filling.

采用土壤-玻璃珠联合培养的方式，选择2个氧化能力不同的水稻品种YY-1、94D-64和采自浙江富阳的土壤（砷的本底值为13.8 mg·kg-1），并设灌溉清水和含砷水2个处理（即在分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期5个生育阶段灌溉含砷污水，随灌溉水进入土壤中砷的浓度为3.2 mg·kg-1），研究了砷在土壤-根表铁氧化物-水稻系统中的累积规律以及土壤和灌溉水对水稻秸秆和籽粒富集砷的贡献程度。

Theresults indicated that the initial desorption rate of As was higher than As, but thefinal desorption percentage of As was two times higher than As; that in therange of pH(6.5-8.5), the desorption of As was the lowest（pH=6.5）,and thepercentage increased with the pH value increasing or deescalating, but for the As,thepercentage increased with the increase of pH; that the supersonic accelerated desoptionof arsenic and the final percentage was lower than non-supersonic; that on the conditionof UV-light ,in a word, it took negative effect to desorption The"reproduced process"has been used in the procedure of regeneration.

实验结果表明，初始阶段，三价砷的脱附率高于五价砷，但最终脱附率三价砷低于五价砷；三价砷、五价砷在不同温度下的脱附实验表明三价砷的最佳脱附温度低于五价砷的最佳脱附温度；在pH=5.5-8.5时，随着pH的增大，五价砷的脱附率具有先减小再增大的趋势，在pH为6.5时脱附率降至最小；在pH=5.5-8.5时，三价砷的脱附率随pH的增大而增大；不论是三价砷还是五价砷的脱附过程，超声波条件都会促进脱附速率(来源：ecABC论a4文网www.abclunwen.com)的增加，并且最终的脱附率要高于无超声波条件下的脱附率；紫外光照条件下，随着光照时间的增加，两种价态砷的脱附率会达到一个较高的值，再降低。总体而言，紫外光照的存在不利于脱附的进行。

The removal of arsenic from solution has relied mostly on precipitation and adsorption processes and it has been considered that arsenic is the oxidation state that leads to the most effective removal by precipitation since the simple metal arsenates generally have lower solubility than the arsenites, and also arsenate is more strongly adsorbed on certain substrates, but this is pH dependent.

从溶液中去除砷主要依赖沉淀和吸附过程，并且要考虑+5价砷是氧化态，会导致通过沉淀最有效去除砷，因为简单的金属砷酸盐比亚砷酸盐一般有更低的溶解度，并且砷酸盐在特定情况下有更强的吸附能力，但是这取决于 pH 值。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。