破骨细胞

Kanzawa pointed, the abdominal vertebra BMD of PTH gene individuals in BB genetype is obviously higher than those of Bb and bb genetype,so he considered that the BstBI polymorphism of PTH gene has dependability with BMD while the DraⅡpolymorphism of PTH gene has no dependablity with BMD.3 The polymorphism of estrogen receptor gene and postmenopausal osteoporosisPMOP is a metabolic bone disease existing in post-menopause femmes, as a result of these femmes\' hypofunction of ovary,ESG level drawdown and the disequilibrium of bone couple procedure,the bone resorption of osteoclast exceeds the bone formation of osteoblastic,osteopenia and bone fragility accrescence have developed,then induces fracture and so on.

Kanzawa等研究发现，BB型PTH基因人的腰椎BMD较Bb、bb型显著为高，认为PTH基因BstBⅠ多态性与BMD有相关性；但PTH基因DraⅡ多态性则与BMD无相关性。三雌激素受体基因多态性与绝经后骨质疏松绝经后骨质疏松是指绝经后妇女由于体内卵巢功能低下，雌激素水平低落，骨偶联过程失衡，破骨细胞的骨吸收大于成骨细胞的骨形成作用所导致的骨量减少，骨脆性增加，进而易于发生骨折的代谢性骨疾病。

It is commonly thought that T-lymphocytes, a type of immune system cell, play a pivotal part in this process by over-activating osteoclasts, the bone cells that reabsorb bone material from the skeleton.

人们普遍认为， T淋巴细胞，一种免疫系统细胞，发挥举足轻重的一部分，在这个过程中过度激活破骨细胞，骨细胞reabsorb骨材料从骨架。

We review the effect of rare earth ions on bone metabolism as the following three aspects:(1) effect of rare earth ions on differentiation and function expression of osteoblasts and osteoclasts;(2) effect of rare earth ions on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells;(3) effect of rare earth ions on bone mineral phase of animals.

本文回顾了稀土离子对骨代谢影响的研究进展，探讨了其药用和安全性问题，主要从以下三个方面进行综述：(1)稀土离子对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的分化和功能表达的影响；(2)稀土离子对骨髓基质细胞成骨分化和成脂分化的影响；(3)稀土离子对动物骨矿物相的影响。

AOPA, by "multiple relevant convergence reaction", adjusts and affects systematically the endocrinal function of bone metabolism,improves the levels of estrogen and CT/PTH, reverses the declining tendency of pituitary-thyroid axis function and improves thyroid function so as to weaken osteocyte in the bony absorption, enhance osteoblast in osteogenesis and increase bone density.

AOAP可以通过&多位点相关集合效应&综合调控影响骨代谢的内分泌功能，提高雌激素、降钙素/甲状旁腺素水平，扭转垂体-甲状腺轴功能减退的趋势，改善甲状腺的功能，使破骨细胞的骨吸收减弱，成骨细胞的骨形成增强，增加骨密度。

Our study showed that about 3% mononucleated cells of human peripheral blood could be induced to osteoclast-like cells which have the ability of bone resorption and show TRAP-positive when coculture with UMR106 in the presence of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, macrophage-colony stimulating factor and dexamethasone.

在1，25_2D_3、地塞米松和M-CSF存在下，人外周血单个核细胞与UMR106细胞共培养，约3%的单个核细胞可被诱导成为具有骨吸收能力且抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色阳性的破骨细胞样细胞。

Methods Marrow cells from NH mouse were harvested and cultured in α-MEM with 10% fetal bovine serum.The appearance of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-staining multinuclear cells and formation of bone resorption pits were measured after 3,6,9 and 12 day exposure to various concentrations of 1,25-2D3 in culture. Results 1,25-2D3 (concentration higher than 10-9mol/L) could induce recruitment of OLCs and their bone resorption activity in a dose-dependent manner.

收集NH小鼠骨髓细胞于含10%胎牛血清的α-MEM培养基中行体外培养，设置不同的1，25-2D3浓度组和给药时间组，并于培养第3、6、9、12天观察记录抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase，TRAP)阳性多核巨细胞［或破骨细胞样细胞(osteroblast-like cell，OLC)］以及骨磨片上骨吸收陷窝的数目。

Our data strongly suggest that some features of the osteoclastic phenotype--that are absent in pycnodysostosis--are a prerequisite for the anabolic effect of PTH on osteoblasts.

我们的数据强烈提示破骨表型的某些特征（注：此处我认为意译为破骨细胞的活化）是甲状旁腺激素增加成骨细胞数量及活性的先决条件，而这些特征是致密成骨不全症患者所不具备的。

Objective To compare expression and distribution of CD68 protein and TRAP positive protein in ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and normal synodal tissues to study the differentiation of osteoclast in synovial tissues obtained from AS patients and its role in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in AS.

目的检测破骨细胞在强直性脊柱炎外周关节滑膜组织中的分化情况，了解破骨细胞的分化与AS患者外周关节骨质破坏病理改变的相关性。

Results Positive staining for VEGF was distributed mostly in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and newly-born osteocytes. Vascular endothelial cells and bone marrow cells also showed VEGF positive reaction. Hypertrophic chondrocytes in calcifying region of chondroephysis were VEGF positive, but VEGF was absent from chondrocytes in other zones of chondroephysis.

结果 VEGF阳性反应主要见于成骨细胞、破骨细胞及新生骨细胞中，血管内皮细胞及骨髓细胞也呈阳性反应；骺软骨钙化区肥大的软骨细胞为VEGF阳性反应，但其它区域的软骨细胞中无VEGF表达。

BACKGROUND: Studies demonstrated that incisor continuously growing is due to lack of epithelial root sheath formation. However, researches regarding whether receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand and osteoclast has correlation with continue root development is poorly understood.

背景：研究表明小鼠不断生长的切牙是由于切牙仅有颈环而无上皮根鞘的形成，但是破骨细胞分化因子核因子κB受体活化剂配体和破骨细胞与不断生长的牙根发育是否相关，目前研究较少。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。