破坏荷载

The main contents are as follows. By the experiments of two joints under low-reversed cyclic loading, the paper analyzes the failure pattern, energy dissipation, ductility and cracking in the joint cores, evaluates the seismic performances and anti-crack behaviors of the joints, and deduces the anti-crack formula of the subassemblage and prestressed frame joint. Through the finite element analysis software Ansys , the paper analyzes the specimens nonlinearly, and the theoretical analysis results are well consistent with those of the experiment.

主要内容包括：通过两榀节点在低周反复荷载作用下的试验，分析其破坏形态、耗能能力、延性性能和节点核芯区裂缝开展情况，评估节点的抗震性能和抗裂能力，推导出预压装配式框架节点的抗裂验算公式；并运用Ansys对试验中的节点进行了非线性分析，计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。

The paper based on experiment of two Subassemblage and Prestressed concrete frames under low reversed cyclic loading, crack distribution, failure pattern, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, displacement ductility, energy dissipation and rigidity degeneration are studied systematically.

本文通过对两榀预压装配式预应力混凝土框架在低周反复荷载作用下的试验，深入研究了预压装配式预应力混凝土框架的裂缝分布、破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性、耗能能力、刚度退化等抗震性能。

In the process of wave slamming, the impact pressures with short duration and high peaks occurs when the waves hit the subface of the structure, which causes the destabilization of superstructure and the fratigue failure of joints.

在波浪冲击过程中，当波峰刚接触到建筑物底面时会产生历时很短但强度极大的冲击压力，这种极强的冲击荷载会引起建筑物上部结构的失稳或造成结构连接处的疲劳破坏。

Under confused sea condition, the structures may subject to very strong w ave impulsive 1oad due to slamming by the wave with significant crest when waves propagate underneath the structure and surge up to its subface. Previous studies indicate that impact pressures are characterized by an initial peak pressure of considerable magnitude but of short duration occurs, followed by a slowly-varying uplift pressure of less magnitude but of considerable duration, and which typically is first positive, then decreases to zero and becomes negative, In hostile sea state, the peak pressures may cause the damage of the horizontal members of the structures or make the whole superstructure collapsed.

若这些海上建筑物的上部结构底高程较低，在恶劣海况下当大波浪在其面板下面通过并与之接触时，面板下面除了作用有强度变化较缓慢的波压力外，在波峰刚接触到面板时尚存在着历时很短但强度极大的冲击压力，这种极强冲击荷载会引起建筑物的整个上部结构失稳或造成局部破坏。

Based on the contrast experiments of six full-scale non-seismic interior frames joints under low reversed cyclic load,consisting of two strengthened by Gluing Steels,two strengthened by CFRP and two unstrengthened,Contrast analyses were presented including the failure mode,hysteretic loop,and the stress of beam and column s bars,concrete,gluing steels and CFRP.

通过6个足尺框架中节点(2个粘钢加固，2个碳纤维布加固，2个未加固)在低周反复荷载作用下对比试验，对比分析了节点区破坏特性和滞回曲线，以及节点区梁柱纵筋、混凝土、钢板和碳纤维布的应力水平。

Eight timber column s strengthened with CFRP sheets with various enwrapping forms are studied under axial compression.

采用CFRP布作为加固材料，对8根木柱进行了轴心抗压试验，分析了木柱加固前后的力学性能，包括木柱的破坏形态、木柱和碳纤维布的荷载-应变关系以及加固柱极限承载力提高情况，并分析了加固柱极限承载力的影响因素。

The processes of propagation, kinking of micro cracks in concrete and the interaction among cracks as well as the induced failure are analyzed by using the model describing the wing type crack from the view point of micromechanics.

本文从混凝土细观机理出发，采用翼型裂纹模型分析了围压荷载下混凝土内微裂纹扩展、弯折和相互作用直至材料破坏的过程。

Two physical experiments are performed to verify the numerical results. The rupturing model and load-displacement response obtained are in good agreement with the experimental results.

为了验证数值模型的可靠性，分别从破坏模式和荷载-位移曲线两方面与物理模型实验进行了对比，结果表明两者基本一致。

Then nonlinear constructive relationship and failure criterion combined with 3D dynamical finite element analysis is applied to the arch darn and abutment considering static loads and seismic loads.

采用非线性本构模型和破坏准则，结合三维动力有限元法对江坪河高拱坝在静荷载和地震联合作用下的响应进行非线性分析。

With reference to the indoor test, in order to obtain the breakage of bridge deck overlay under the car"s breaking, it take the worst load condition as the test object, and then impose dynamic repeated load to different loading types of bonding layer, gather the strain information of the specimen"s different location.

在室内试验方面，以桥面铺装在荷载作用下的层间破坏为出发点，模拟汽车刹车情况，采用桥面铺装最不利受力情况为试验对象，针对铺装层结构的不同受力工况进行动态重复加载，采集应变响应。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。