破坏荷载

A general contact algorithm for parallel finite element simulation of dynamic contact problem is presented in this paper.

引言工程领域存在大量动态接触问题，如旋转机械中运动部件与固定部件的摩擦、建筑物在地震或爆炸荷载作用下的破坏等。

At the same time we provided the double trigonometric progressional solution at the common boundary condition. And combining with the taken test of such plate abroad this analysis method was proved to be accurate and credible.In the third chapter, reasonable finite element models for such structure were established and a static non-linear analysis was made, and we summarized the rule of this structure about the aspects of force, deformation and destruction.

第三章对薄壁箱体现浇混凝土空腹板楼盖结构建立了合理的有限元分析模型，进行了静力全过程分析，侧重分析其在竖向荷载作用下的受力性能，总结出此结构体系的内力、变形分布及破坏过程的规律，并结合国外试验和国内现行混凝土结构设计规范，对这种结构的冲切计算进行了简单的探讨，提出了冲切计算的修正公式。

Steel moment-resisting frames with welded beam-to-column connection were traditionally regarded as having excellent performance, and widely adopted in steel constructions, but this opinion changed after the 1994 Northrige earthquake and the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake. These earthquakes also arouse engineers to resurvey the behavior of end-plate connections. It is well known that end-plate connections have definite flexibility, which can increase damp, prolong period, and decease swing of structure. So it can reduce the damage, and is one of the best choices for resisting earthquake.

中文题名钢框架梁柱端板连接在循环荷载作用下的破坏机理及抗震设计对策副题名外文题名 Collapse mechanism and design criterion of steel beam-to-column end-plate connections under cyclic load 论文作者郭兵导师顾强学科专业结构工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位西安建筑科技大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数127页关键词钢结构框架结构抗震设计钢框架梁柱端板连接馆藏号BSLW /2003 /TU392 /6 传统观点认为，梁柱焊接刚性连接具有较好的抗震性能，因此在工程中得到了广泛地应用，但1994年的Northrige地震和1995年的阪神地震改变了这种传统观点，这两次地震也引起了工程技术人员对端板连接的再审视。

By calculation, the possible shear failure plane is depicted.

接着通过计算勾划了波浪荷载作用下可能的剪切破坏面。

Coherence of GFRP on the tensile side of the column could remarkably improve the componental bearing capacity in proportion to the increment of the numbers of glassfiber layers although there was no linearity between them and no improvement in the ductility of the column either.

通过10根粘贴玻璃纤维布钢筋混凝土偏压柱在单调荷载作用下的试验，比较分析GFRP加固前后偏压柱的承载力、延性及破坏形态。

All kinds of geological processes not only make rock masses discontinuousness,heterogeneity and anisotropy, which result in the variability of rock masses'parameters and determine the indeterminacy of forms of rock failure and randomicityof engineer loads.

各种地质作用不仅使岩体具有不连续、非均质和各向异性等固有特性，导致岩体参数表现出较大的变异性，还决定着岩体破坏形式的不确定性和工程荷载条件的随机性。

The results of simulations of three-graded-concrete supported beam under dynamic load show that in the impact load the carrying capacity improved and the displacement decreased when specimen failed, and without inial static load, it is dangerous that material tensile strength and elastic modulus were improved to its 1.3 times in the code.

三级配混凝土动载数值模拟结果表明，在短时高速的冲击荷载作用下，试件的极限承载力提高，破坏时的位移降低；在没有初始静载的情况下，规范规定的把材料的抗拉强度和弹性模量提高1.3倍所得极限承载力相对较大。

Subgrade structure, as the main structure of railway construction, should have enough carrying capacity and deformation resistance capacity, can stand repetitive strength of the vehicle load without structural destruction and excessive sedimentation and deformation, meanwhile, it should have preferable penetration resistance capacity and water stability, to reduce water immersion and intenerate effect, therefore maintaining long time stability of the subgrade.

作为铁道建筑主体构筑物的路基结构，应具有足够的承载能力和抗变形能力，能经受车辆荷载的反复作用而不产生结构性破坏和过量的沉降变形，同时还应具有较好的抗渗透性和水稳定性，降低水的浸入及软化作用，保证路基长期处于稳定状态。

Submarine pipelines constructed in seismically active regions may be damaged under seismic load.

铺设在地震活跃区域的海底管道可能在地震荷载作用下发生破坏。

Cracking patterns, streel bars's stress distribution and force-displacement curves at beams ends resulted from the experiments indicate that at location of plastic hinge area the main cracks developed sufficiently and the stress of steel bars was peak values, and no bonding failure of steel bars is found within core region of assemblies.

有限元分析所得裂缝分布、钢筋应力分布以及梁端力－位移曲线反映出，高强钢筋混凝土框架梁柱组合件在低周反复荷载作用下梁端塑性铰区裂缝开展充分，钢筋应力最大，核芯区内钢筋未发生粘结破坏。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。