破坏荷载

Having considered material non-linear, this dissertation adopts space isoperimetric element and calculates the ultimate load of this skew hollow slab in several kinds of behaviours. From the computational results, the curve of load and deflection can be drawn and the stress, deformation and destruction characteristic can also be known.

本文采用等参体单元，考虑混凝土材料非线性，对预应力混凝土斜交空心板在多种工况下的极限承载力进行了分析，得出了相应的荷载～挠度曲线和受力、变形及破坏特点。

The action point of limiting force on retaining structure is not always at 1/3 of the height of retaining structures, but varies with the friction angle δ between soil and retaining structures, the type of limiting state, the failure mode, the internal friction angle φ, and cohesion c of the soil, ranging from 1/5 to 2/3 of the height of retaining structures.

3土体极限荷载P〓的作用点位置不象Coulomb理论中假定的那样，总是作用在墙高的1／3处，而是与土体极限状态的类型、土体的破坏形式、墙土之间的摩擦角δ、土体的内摩擦角φ和粘聚力c有关系，在挡土结构物高度的1／5到2／3的范围内取值。

In recent years monolayer cable net point supporting glass curtain wall is adopted widely due to its simplicity and limpidity .

近年来，单层平面索网体系点支式玻璃幕墙以其简洁，通透的特点在国内外得到广泛的应用，其破坏主要由风荷载造成，目前国内外针对此种结构的风振动力性能研究甚少。

Marly crack and deterioration of many bridge deck overlays have been attributed to the traffic load, nature factor and high thermal or shrinkage stress development in the concrete.

混凝土桥面铺装在交通荷载、自然因素、温度与收缩应力综合作用下，普遍出现了早期开裂与破坏。

Through pseudo-static test s of minor axis semi-rigid connections with angles,mechanical performance and damage mechanism on two types of minor axis semi-rigid connections with top and seat angles were analyzed systematically.

通过顶底角钢与H型钢柱弱轴连接节点的伪静力试验，分析了两种弱轴顶底角钢连接节点在循环荷载作用下的受力性能和破坏机理。

Analysis by the elastic-plastic finite element model, taking into account the non-linear geometry and Multilinear Isotropic Hardening material mode, adopting the pipe's strain-damage, have a different shape model to limit the impact load and the stress distribution of defects.

分析采用了弹塑性有限元模型，考虑了几何非线性和材料非线性，采用了多线性等效强化模型和管道破坏的应变准则，得到了不同形状模型对极限荷载的影响以及管壁缺陷处的应力分布状态。

The Failure model of slopes can be classified into 2 kinds, toppling model and sliding model. The force distribution of each model is analyzed in oblique coordinate system, and the equation to calculate the forces are derived. Many external forces, such as earthquake force, water pressure, bursting force, bolting force and etc., can be easily considered in these equations.

分析了倾倒模式和滑动模式两种岩质边坡的破坏型式，对其受力情况进行了分析，并利用刚体平衡理论，给出了在斜角坐标系下推力计算方程，该方程可以方便地考虑任意方向的地震力作用，还可以考虑水压力、锚固力、建筑物外荷载和其它人工作用力。

This paper examines the soil characteristic and liquefaction degree of hard shell seams at the subaqueous delta of the Yellow River. Four typical areas were chosen for measuring, testing and studying. The hard shell seam strength was measured by in-situ Proctor penetrometer. Undisturbed soil sample of 1 m long was excavated for laboratory soil property test. Sledge hammers were dropped down freely to hit the load board to simulate the wave force acted on the hard shell seam. The excess pore pressure and strength variation were observed. The liquefaction depth of the hard shell seams at four study areas under different wave storms were calculated by theory.

为揭示黄河口水下三角洲硬壳层的土性特征和风浪作用下的液化破坏状况，选择典型研究区，在现场利用普氏贯入仪测试硬壳层的强度特征，原位取1m原状样进行室内土工试验；利用重锤锤击荷载板的方式模拟波浪对硬壳层的动力作用，通过孔压探头和普氏贯入仪实时监测土体内孔压和振动前后强度的变化；通过理论计算研究硬壳层在不同风浪等级下的液化深度。

Based on the low cyclic loading experiments on one brick masonry wall with ordinary pilaster and eight specimens of masonry walls with pilaster strengthened by GFRP, the failure characteristics of the walls are explained; seismic performance characteristics, such as resilience, rigidity and its degeneration, deformation, and energy dissipation are studied; and influence of the measures including strengthening means, reinforcement area proportion between GFRP and wall surface,"through-wall" anchorage reinforcement effects are studied.

通过1片未加固带壁柱砖墙和8片GFRP加固带壁柱砖墙在低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验，阐述了各试件的破坏特征；研究CFRP加固前后墙体的滞回特性、刚度及退化特性、变形性能、耗能性能等变化规律，以及加固方式、加固量和"对拉"锚固措施对加固效果的影响。

The dissertation investigated the detailed process of appearing, distributing and developing of crack and concluded the presumable destroy shape and mechanism under all kinds of bearing based on intention theory of concrete.

在混凝土强度理论的基础上，对桥梁混凝土裂缝的出现、分布和开展情况进行了研究，分析了其在不同荷载作用下的破坏形态和机理。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。