破坏应力

Creep cracks seem always to initiate at inherent casting pores and slowly propa-gate anisotropically along the (001) planes, perpendecular to axis of stress applied, upto the final fast fracture. Creep cracks can also nucleate at fractured carbides or at in-terfaces between carbides and matrix in the alloys containing more carbon.

结果表明：单晶的蠕变断裂具有明显的晶体学特征，蠕变裂纹总是从已有的铸造的显微疏松处萌生；对于含碳量较高的材料，碳化物及其与基体的界面也是裂纹萌生的有利位置；这些已萌生的裂纹在外加应力轴垂直的(001)面上各向异性地扩展，直到由于承载截面的逐渐减小而导致最终破坏。

The principle and design of bolting and shotcrete lining is expounded in detail in this article.

本文还详细阐述了喷锚支护的原理和设计原则，分析讨论了采动压力引起巷道变形及破坏的情况，对无支护及有支护情况下的软岩巷道的位移、应力及应变进行了模拟计算，并提出了相应的防治技术措施，这对软岩巷道的设计与施工具有一定的工程实际指导意义。

First, the cross section of a boxlike girder is discretized into stiffened elements and corner elements, then the FEM program is compiled to calculate the curve between stress and strain of every stiffened element.

加筋板单元是船舶与海洋工程等箱型梁结构的主要组成构件，首先将箱型梁剖面离散成若干加筋板单元和角单元，利用非线性有限元方法逐一计算加筋板单元的应力—应变关系曲线，然后再用逐步破坏分析法得到整个结构的弯矩—曲率曲线，从而求得其极限弯矩。

The results prove that they are atypical cholesteric liquid crystal and can form the ordered domain structures within certaintemperature range.

在切应力作用下，微区进而发生形变和取向，甚至破坏和重组而生成原纤和微纤结构。

It is demonstrated that the deformation of this slope is always initial cliffy terrain and unloaded in slope, then it is trigged by excavation leading to upper slope.

采用二维有限元数值模拟，分析了这类边坡在开挖过程中的应力和变形的特征及其变化规律，以验证上述的破坏机理模型。

The distortion and destroy form of coved laneway in complicated stress condition are diversity,and it is relative with rock character,crustal stress and shoring structure.

中文摘要：拱形巷道在复杂应力条件下的变形以及破坏形式呈多样化，与围岩性质、地应力和支护结构相关。

And it is verified that the simulation methods in this paper are rational and the model is feasible.(2)Using the unconditionally stable implicit Newmark time intergration algorithm, the effects of some key factors such as buried depth, condition of soil layers and the earthquake excitative orientation are studied.The results show that dynamic response of structure is considerably affected by the thickness of overburden layer, and horizontal slice is more dangerous than upright slice.

2采用无条件稳定的Newmark隐式积分法进行地震响应分析，讨论各种因素对地下结构动力响应的影响，如：结构埋深、土层分布条件和地震激励方向等，并通过对结构的应力、位移、加速度等结果的分析，发现上覆土层厚度对结构动力响应比较大，水平分层比竖向分层更容易使地下结构遭受破坏。

Considering the convenient of the experiment and keeping the column in good condition, grooving method is more proper than ring-hole method.

2考虑到实验的简便及对构件的破坏程度，采取开槽法比钻孔法释放应力更为理想。

It is well known, malreduction of interarticular fracturecan change the contact stresses distribution of the joint ,thusresults in increased wear on the articular cartilage andsubsequent posttraumatic arthritis.

众所周知，关节内骨折如复位不良可改变负重关节的应力分布，增加关节软骨的负重，加速关节软骨的破坏，易产生创伤性关节炎。

The huge interarticular contact force of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint at shear and flexion/extension will bring about abrasion, mobilization and destruction of bone or prosthesis. There is potential instability in rotation after replacement operation.

人工寰齿关节置换术后前后向剪切和屈伸运动时人工寰齿关节间的接触应力过大，易造成磨损、引起假体松动和骨或假体的破坏；并且潜在旋转不稳的趋势。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。