研究动物

Observe the effect of Fuling Gancao Decoction on gastric liquid emptying and content of nitric oxide and acetylcholine esteras in the gastric fundus,antrum and duodenal tissu of functional dyspepsia rats and investigate the mechanism.1 Reference reviewThe reference review discussed the source of disease name of TCM for FD,etiology and pathogenesis of TCM,selection of therapeutic methods by different stages or according to the differential syndrome diagnosis,advance on the clinical and experimental research as well as the problems lying in the research of TCM and corresponding strategies.We also have summarized the recent research progresses on the FD.In the meanwhile,we further exploited the pathologic characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of FD;summarized etiology and pathogenesis of TCM for FD and application of Classical Prescriptions in clinical and experimental study;Collected and arranged the Literatures and summarized the recent research progresses of Fuling Gancao Decoction;Finally, collected and arranged the literatures of proved cases and clinical experiences of Fuling Gancao Decoction.2 Theoretical studyThe Theoretical study first discussed the source of TCM for stomach deficiency and congestion of fluid-retention in syndromes of FD;Secondly, summarized the indications of Fuling Gancao Decoction,that is:①epigastric throb,②cold hands and feet in syncope,③hydroadipsia,④gastric blockade,⑤gastric splashing sound,⑥no desire for drinks,⑦light white tongue,thin-white and smooth fur,⑧deep and wiry pulse are the indications of Fuling Gancao Decoction;Subsequently,analyzed the composition of Fuling Gancao Decoction,considered that ginger is the main drug which treating congestion of fluid-retention in Middle-Jiao by Zhang Zhongjing.3 Experimental study3.1 Experiment oneObjective:To establish the animal model of FD with delayed gastric liquid emptying and evaluat it.

同时观察茯苓甘草汤对FD大鼠胃液体排空及胃底、胃窦及十二指肠中乙酰胆碱酯酶、一氧化氮含量的影响，探讨茯苓甘草汤的作用机制。1文献综述参照古、今中医有关文献对FD的中医病名、病因病机、辨证论治方法、临床及实验研究进展进行了探讨，并对现代医学在FD研究中所取得的(来源：A0bBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)进展进行了总结，进一步明确了FD的发病机制、诊断和治疗的研究进展；总结了中医对FD的病因及发病机制、中医诊断及经方治疗FD临床及实验研究进展；并搜集和整理已发表的有关茯苓甘草汤研究报道，阐述了茯苓甘草汤的现代研究进展；最后搜集和整理了近现代著名医家应用茯苓甘草汤的经验及验案。2理论研究理论研究部分首先对功能性消化不良胃虚饮停证的认识进行了理论溯源；其次对茯苓甘草汤的适宜证象进行总结，认为：①心下悸，②四肢不温，③口不渴，④胃中痞满，⑤胃中振水音，⑥不欲饮水，⑦舌淡白，苔薄白而滑，⑧脉沉弦是茯苓甘草汤的主证；随后对茯苓甘草汤方药组成解析，认为生姜是仲景治疗中焦饮停的一味主药。3实验研究3.1实验一目的：探讨建立功能性消化不良胃虚饮停证的动物模型方法并对其进行评价。

The results showed that Meriones meridianus was a typical dominant species and Euchoreutes naso was one of representative rodents in Alashan Desert.

因此，分析以上3种啮齿动物的分布对于荒漠区动物种群生态学、动物地理学和生物多样性的研究都具有一定的意义。

CM serves as a forum for the exchange of information on etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of infectious and noninfectious diseases of laboratory animals; naturally occurring and induced models of human disease; research applications of animals; and the biology of laboratory animals.

比较医学》作为一个论坛，致力于关于发病机理，流行病学，诊断，治疗和预防实验室动物的传染和非传染疾病，自然发生和外因导致的人类疾病模式，动物研究应用和实验室动物的生物学等方面的信息交流。

The activity of glutamate-pyruvate transaminase andglutamic oxalacetic transaminase was measured using AU5400 automaticbiochemical analyzer; the activity of the hyaluronic acid,the laminin,precollagen typeⅢ type, collagen typeⅣ was evaluated according toradioimmunoassay method; the activity of transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFβ1)and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) was measured according to enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results First, the effect of Baoganning on CCL_4 induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.

研究结果一、保肝宁对四氯化碳(carbon tetrachloride CCL_4)复合因素致大鼠肝纤维化模型的作用： 1、与正常组动物血清相比，模型组动物血清中的ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CⅣ、TGFβ1、TIMP-1显著升高(P＜0.05)；与模型组相比，保肝宁高、中、低剂量组血清中的ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CⅣ、TGFβ1、TIMP-1显著降低(P＜0.05)；秋水仙碱组、复方鳖甲软肝组动物血清中上述指标呈不同程度的下降趋势。

It is involved in many aspects of organic matter decomposition, partial regulation of microbial activities, nutrient cycles and crumbly structure. Depending on their diet (saprophagous, phytophagous or predation), soil fauna is closely linked both to each other and to microorganisms, plants and soil.

本论文试图以土壤动物作为生物指标来评价土壤重金属污染，通过对重金属污染区(以浙江省富阳环山乡受污染的农田为例)土壤动物群落结构的调查和在室内设置一定的污染浓度梯度处理的盆栽试验两种方式研究了重金属污染对土壤动物群落的影响，主要结论如下： 1。

We observed the changes of the proprioceptors in the partly injuried ACL and the xenogeneic graft/artificial graft being used to reconstructing the injuried ACL with gold chlorid staining method and laser copolymerization electron micrography method to observe the morphological changes of the neuromechanism in the ligament tissue,with RT-PCR method to evaluate the proportion and the regeneration of the nerve component and with HRP retrograde tracking technology and electrophysiologic study to judge the functional changes of the neuromechanism in the ligament tissue,respectively.

本研究分别制作兔ACL部分损伤动物模型、异种肌腱移植物重建损伤ACL动物模型和LARS人工韧带重建损伤ACL动物模型，分别于术后不同时间点对损伤ACL/移植物进行氯化金染色光学显微镜检查和PGP9.5免疫荧光染色后激光共聚焦电子显微镜检查观察韧带内神经结构形态学变化，用RT-PCR法检测韧带中GAP-43和PGP 9.5的mRNA表达情况以评价损伤ACL/移植物内神经成分比例及神经再生情况，通过HRP逆行追踪技术和电生理检查(包括体感诱发电位和腘绳肌肌电图)评价损伤ACL/移植物内神经结构的功能情况。

In a rodent study they conducted, 36 of 54 animals were implanted with the inner-ear deices and one-third deeloped meningitis.

在他们进行了一项利用啮齿动物进行的研究中，54只动物中36只被植入内耳装置，耳蜗植入的动物中三分之一发生了脑膜炎。

This article introduces the effect of high central nervous system,changes of cerebral blood flow after hypoxia,damage of hypoxia to neurons in the respiratory center,neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in hypoxic respiratory depression.

Barnard等[2]在成年动物也发现了类似的情况，并且指出，缺氧2h内，颈动脉窦传入神经放电一直加强。以上研究结果提示，不论在新生动物还是成年动物，缺氧性呼吸抑制的发生都有其中枢来源。

One school of ethologists devoted to the study of animal behavior has it that human beings are unique in the possession of consciousness, differing from all other creatures in being able to think things over, capitalize on past experience, and hazard informed guesses at the future.

献身于动物行为研究的一家比较动物学者的研究所断言，在拥有意识方面人是独一无二的，在将事情深思熟虑，利用过去的经历，冒险地说出对于未来的猜想方面不同于其他动物。

By rigorous and clever experiments the three ethologists refined the lore of animal antics into a respectable science called ethology (roughly, the study of character). In 1973, they shared a Nobel prize for their pioneering achievements.

通过严谨而精巧的实验，这三位动物行为研究者把那些关于动物怪异行为的学问提炼成值得尊敬的学科，它的名字就叫做&动物行为学&（粗略说，就是研究特性的科学）。1973年，他们因为这些开创性的工作成就共同获得了诺贝尔奖。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。