研究出

Combining with the evolution of congestion control mechanisms, the existed technologies for congestion avoidance and recovery in IP networks are reviewed. The unsolved problems and hot spots in subdiscipline, such as TCP flow control, end to end flow control and enhanced mechanism in intermediate nodes, are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of schemes for active queue management are emphatically analyzed. Also the paper presents and discusses the drawbacks of heuristic designin...

以拥塞控制机制演化的历史为线索，回顾了IP网络中已有的拥塞控制技术；总结了TCP流量控制、端到端流量控制和中间节点增强机制等各研究子方向中需要解决的问题；重点分析了主动队列管理这一热点领域中已有策略和算法的优缺点，并在此基础上，归纳和阐述了大多数算法所采用的启发式设计加仿真试验验证的模式存在的不足；提出了应用控制理论中的分析和设计方法研究网络拥塞控制的思路，并给出几个有意义的研究方向

And the results indicate that the principal stress directions in study area are mainly NE-SW, and the second substage tectonic twist made the direction deflect from North to East, but the primary direction changed little; tectonic activities during the O〓～S～D stage is some violent, most of the area are under high stresses status, and rock fracture degree is correspondingly higher, as coinciding with the drill cores observation, i.

通过数值分析，模拟了塔中Ⅰ号断裂带和塔中45井三维模拟区O〓灰岩的构造应力场和应变场，结果表明：研究区主应力方向为北东～南西向，第二期的构造扭动使其由北向东发生了一定的偏转，但总的方位变化不大；O〓～S～D时期，塔中地区构造运动较强，研究区大部分处于高应力状态，岩石破裂程度较高，而岩芯观察结果也证实了这一结果，即O〓灰岩地层中早期形成的构造结构面比较发育，单个结构面的规模也较大；C～P时期，岩石的破坏程度较早期有所提高，主要表现在两个方面，一是各局部区岩石的破坏程度普遍有所提高；二是各个级别破裂区的分布范围相应地扩大了；研究区应力分布表现出明显的不均匀性，特别是剪应力，无论是O〓～S～D时期，还是C～P时期，都有很大的差异性，特别是在小断层的端部，剪应力比较集中，而且在断层的两盘，剪应力方向和大小都变化极快。

In this dissertation, periodic impact motions in vibro-impact systems are studied, and the existence and stability of superharmonic periodic impact motions are obtained. The critical bifurcation parameter intervals of superharmonic periodic impact motions are deduced, and numerical simulations are used to verify the results.

中文题名碰振或约束系统的全局分析及稳定性研究副题名外文题名 Studies on global analysis and stability in vibro-impact or constraint systems 论文作者张彦梅导师陆启韶教授学科专业一般力学与力学基础研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位北京航空航天大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数95页关键词碰振系统转子系统多体系统碰撞振动馆藏号BSLW /2003 /O322 /1 本论文讨论了碰撞振动系统的周期碰撞运动，得到了超谐周期碰撞运动的存在性和稳定性，推导出亚谐周期运动的临界分岔参数区间，并利用数值模拟进行验证。

The aim of this dissertation is to discuss the grammatical meaning of modern Chinese subject. In this paper we use the new theoretic production of topic and antitheses to open out the taxeme of modern Chinese subject.

本文旨在探讨现代汉语主语的语法意义，力图跳出以往研究主语时徘徊纠缠于形式和意义之间的圈子，通过引入话题研究的理论新成果，运用比较研究的方法，来揭示汉语主语的语法意义，并且从三个平面分别总结出了主语的特点。

At present,there is not definite and unitive definition at home and overseas.

笔者介绍了成藏动力学的产生、发展与研究现状，论述了成藏动力学的定义、划分原则、类型及命名等基本内容，并总结出了其研究思路和方法，指出了成藏动力学下一步研究的主要内容和发展趋势。

However,the fractal studies are directed at growth models basis on growth mechanism of plant and model of the form only consider of the appearance of plant,unlinked to Structural Mechanics of trees and conclude three-dimensional coordinates.

本项研究试图通过分形理论为研究树木的力学性质提供空间结构模型，因而分形研究的结果是要构建出有三维坐标的树木力学结构模型，为下一步进行力学性质分析打下基础。2。

Just in order to solve thisproblem, this subject further researches the new display solving scheme --WindML based onVxWorks system, demonstrates the enormous advantages of the new scheme in technology,proceeds with the architecture of WindML, based on WindML basic 2D display scheme,throughthe research and study of the systematic principle of WindML system and different service andmanagement,I have put forward the Chinese solving scheme based on VxWorks system, andthrough the study and research of FreeType 2 font engine and vector font, utilized WindMLsystematic mechanism , have finished the implementation of bitmap and vector Chinesecharacter in VxWorks system, and on the basis of which, have designed and optimized theinquiry algorithm of the Chinese input method editor, developed the Chinese input method editorbased on VxWorks system.

本课题正是为了解决这一问题，深入研究了基于VxWorks 系统新的显示解决方案——WindML，论证了新方案在技术上的重大优势，从WindML 的体系结构入手，以WindML 基本2D 显示方案为基础，通过对WindML 系统的系统原理，各种服务和管理的研究和学习，提出了基于VxWorks 系统的汉字解决方案，并通过对FreeType 2 字体引擎、矢量字体的研究，利用WindML 系统机制，完成了位图及矢量汉字在VxWorks 系统中的实现，在此基础上设计并优化了汉字输入法的查询算法，开发出了基于VxWorks 系统的汉字输入法。

The purpose of this research is to dig into the visual movement illusion from the plane constitution. The result is expected to be referenced by designers for more fancy visual works.

本研究的目的即是在藉由平面构成的观点对错视动态图形进行研究，期将研究的结果提供给设计师作为参考，使其创作出更多新奇的视觉作品。

Wapiti sperm capacitation in vitro and its ultrastructural change were studied in order to choose a set of perfect and feasible protocol of wapiti sperm capacitation in vitro, and to provide a basis data on the research of wapiti capatitation in vitro and the mechanism of fertilization.

本研究以马鹿为试验对象，开展了对鹿精子体外获能以及获能前后精子超微结构变化的研究，以期筛选出在实践中具有可操作性且效果良好的马鹿精子获能培养体系，从而为鹿体外受精和受精机理的研究奠定基础。

In this dissertation, InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser and its characterization were presented. Some conclusions are as following: the characteristics of lasing threshold was discussed by using rate equation. The dependent relations between threshold and cavity volume, spontaneous emission coupling efficiency β were investigated. The whispering gallery mode and spontaneous emission in a microdisk geometry were then studied. Almost all spontaneous emission was coupled into the lowest order TE mode when the normalized thickness of photonics well was between 0.15 and 0.5. The design principle and device process of InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser were presented. The microdisk lasers with the diameter of 8μm, 4. 5μm and 2μm were succesfully fabricated by using etching techniques. The pulse lasing thresholds for the microdisk with the diameter of 8μm and 4. 5μm were 170μW and 15μW, a record results compared with the published in the literature. The cw lasing threshold for a 2-μm-diameter microdisk was only a few μW. We haven't found similar report up to now. To solve the problem of directional output in a microdisk laser, the power coupling efficiency in a double disk geometry was investigated with the theory of waveguide mode couple. A new structure of electrically pumped microdisk laser with output waveguide was designed, making a foundation for the practical use of microdisk laser.

本文主要研究InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱半导体碟型激光器的研制和特性表征，并取得如下结果：利用速率方程理论讨论了激光器激射阈值的特性，分析了阈值与腔体积和自发发射耦合系数β之间的关系；讨论了微碟光子阱结构中的自发发射特性和微碟中WGM模式特性；光子阱结构在其归一化厚度在0.15-0.5之间时，几乎全部自发发射进入到最低阶TE模式中；研究了InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱微碟激光器的结构设计原理和器件的制备工艺；利用刻蚀方法成功制备出直径分别为8μm、4.5μm、2μm的碟型微腔激光器；直径8μm和4.5μm的微碟脉冲光泵浦激射阈值分别为170μW、15μW，是目前所见文献报导中比较低的；直径2μm的微碟连续光泵浦激射阈值仅几μW，目前尚未见到达到类似结果的研究报导；为解决微碟激光器激射光定向引出的问题，通过波导耦合模理论分析了双层碟之间功率耦合效率；据此设计了新型带耦合输出波导的电泵浦微腔激光器，为进一步研制可实用的电泵浦微腔激光器打下基础。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新