研究出

By studying the membrane preparation process for the typical membrane materials of polystyrene and cellulose acetate as well as a new type membrane material of polyvinyl butyral,the effects of operating parameters on the membranes structure are determined.By the study on the thermodynamics involved in the ternary systerms of ScCO_2/solvent/polymer and the calculation of theoretical ternary phase diagrams,the phase demixing behavior during the membranes formation by ScCO_2 induced phase separation process are described.By studying thermodynamics involved in the quaternary systerms of ScCO_2/solvent/additive/polymer,the effect of a low molecular weight additive on the quaternary phase diagram and dimixing speed are revealed.

通过对传统膜材料聚苯乙烯、醋酸纤维素及新型膜材料聚乙烯醇缩丁醛进行ScCO_2诱导相转化制膜工艺的实验研究，给出了操作参数对膜形态结构的影响规律；通过研究ScCO_2/溶剂/聚合物三元体系热力学问题，并计算出相应铸膜体系的三元相图，对ScCO_2诱导相转化膜制备过程的分相成膜行为进行了分析与描述；通过研究ScCO_2/溶剂/小分子添加剂/聚合物四元铸膜体系的热力学问题，并借助于四元体系理论相图计算的结果，分析了小分子添加剂对相分离过程的影响。

In addition, molecular orientation behaviors induced by shearing, electric field and magnetic field were investigated. The space group of the monomers A3EO7 and A9EO7 were determined as P2〓2〓2 and P112/m by means of electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction. Liquid crystalline properties of the monomer and the polymer were studied using DSC, variable X-ray diffraction, TEM and polarized optical microscope. Both monomers exhibit monotropic liquid crystalline behavior, and they also give a metastable phase on the cooling process. The polymer PA9EO7 shows enantiotropic liquid crystalline properties. Thus the rigid polymer backbone is not a fatal defect that completely distorts the packing arrangement of the mesogenic moiety in the side chain liquid crystalline polyacetylene.

结合电子衍射倾转方法和粉末X射线衍射技术，确定了两个液晶小分子A3EO7和A9EO7的晶胞参数和空间群，采用Cerius〓模拟软件，运用分子模拟的方法给出了小分子在晶胞中的排列方式；利用DSC、变温X射线衍射技术和透射电子显微镜研究了小分子和聚合物的液晶态，单体A3EO7和A9EO7表现出单向液晶性质，并且在降温过程中都表现出一个亚稳液晶相或亚稳结晶相，聚合物PA9EO7具有双向液晶性；采用偏光显微镜和X射线平板照相技术，研究了剪切和电场对聚合物分子取向的影响，在不同的液晶态，剪切作用对聚合物PA9EO7具有不同的诱导取向结果，直流电场可以诱导聚合物联苯液晶基元沿施加电场方向取向。

The article first theoretically analyzes the principle that microcavity reduces threshold 、changes resonant modes of output light and enhances unidirection of the random laser.Then study the structure parameters of different microcavity by transfer matrix.Based on the theory of Maxwell equations and the rate equations, analyze the principle that microcavity reduces the threshold by FDTD method: Changing the confined position,reducing relaxation time and increasing reversing particles, also simultaneously study the influences of the threshold and output light modes by different microcavities and random intensity of random medium.

首先从理论上分析了利用微腔降低随机激光器阈值、改变出射光振荡模式、提高出射光准直性的原理，然后利用传输矩阵法模拟研究了不同的微腔应具有的结构参数，最后以麦克斯韦方程和速率方程理论为基础，利用时域有限差分法分析了利用微腔降低阈值的原理：改变局域化位置、缩短弛豫时间及增大粒子数反转，同时也模拟研究了微腔、随机介质的随机强度对阈值及出射光波模式的影响。

Secondly, basing on the analysis and research to the original measurement system NIM-10000H, the methods of exerting demagnetizing electric current and measuring flux are found out and the device is designed. Experiments are made to prove the feasibility of the device. Although there is feasibility in theory, it should be further research and perfection on making sure the exact electrical current.

第二部分是在对原有检测系统NIM-10000H进行分析和研究的基础上，逐步摸索出施加退磁电流的方法和实测磁通的快速检测方法，并设计出实验用的装置，加以实验验证是否可行，是否能达到快速检测，最终给出初步的结论，该方法可行，只是速度还不够快，而且电流大小的确定还有待进一步的研究和完善。

During the first part, investigate the numbers and location of the different nature reserve, and review about its development, discuss the cause about the rapid developmeng about the protection areas of nature around Beijing. During the second part, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different sight function, plot our distinct function about the protection area of nature around Beijing. In the third part of this paper, the ecology function was special analyzed. This paper picked up several factor about the ecology and establish mathematics model to detect the most rational ecology distribution, bring forward the new constructive, wilder constructive and combination project. In the last parts of the paper, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different brim about the protection area of nature around Beijing, calculating the p/a and figure coefficient, and bring forward the brim theory for the nature reserve and city system.

在数量布局方面，包括北京周边各个不同级别的保护区的数目、位置分配布局和发展趋势研究，探讨北京市周边自然保护区数目和面积在99年和2000年突然增长的主要原因，以及今后北京自然保护区的发展方向；在景观布局方面，主要根据不同自然保护区的空间和功能的不同，计算延庆县各个自然保护区的景观多样性指数和景观优势度指数，并结合地理信息系统和航片，划分出不同的景观功能区间，以及各个功能区间之间的相互关系；在生态布局方面，综合考察北京周边自然状况，提取多项因子，建立评价模型，计算出各项因子权重，从而对其自然保护区的生态功能布局的合理性进行评价和趋势分析，为本文提出北京市周边自然保护区新建、扩建与合并的方案提供依据；在边缘布局方面，利用边缘效应理论和研究方法，创新提出&边缘类型样块分析法&，提取多个样方并结合地理信息系统，计算p/a比和自然保护区边缘的形状系数，划出自然保护区边缘效应趋势变化图，考察北京周边自然保护区的边缘效应，以及对城市的生态边缘功能。

In this thesis, the characteristics of software agents and their behavior modes are analyzed to find the influences of characteristics on behavior modes and to infer the master-slave and provider-requestor relationships among agents. Testing orders could be founded by relationships between agents. After the analysis of reciprocal effects among characteristics, we proposed that in the testing on a single agent, the autonomy should be tested first, the mobility is tested then, and the collaboration is tested finally. The testing of learning is incorporated into the testing of autonomy. A rolling-style testing method of software agents is proposed. Our testing method takes the IBM Aglets software agent language as an example, and develops testing tools under the IBM Aglets execution environment.

本研究分析软体代理人的特性与行为模式来进行分析，找出软体代理人特性对行为模式的影响，并归纳出软体代理人间的主从关系与供需关系；藉由软体代理人间相互影响的关系，可找出多软体代理人系统的测试顺序，而对单一软体代理人程式的测试，经分析各项特性间交互影响后关系，提出必须先测试自动化特性，继而测试行动力特性，最后测试合作能力，而学习力则必入自动化特性中测试，进而提出一套滚动式的软体代理人程式测试方法，本研究的测试方法以IBM Aglets软体代理人程式语言为范例，并在IBM Aglets软体代理人执行环境开发测试工具。

The results show that DEHP can migrate into all water food simulants from PVC film and the migration rate was the highest in 65% aqueous ethanol with the range 0.85%～6.31% and a big increasing amplitude when contacting temperature over 30℃, the rate was lower in 20% aqueous ethanol and distilled water with the range 0.19%～0.45% and 0.19%～0.37%, respectively; and the rate was the lowest in 4% aqueous acetic acid with the picked out rate 17% and the value ＜0.4%.

研究结果表明，PVC膜中DEHP在几种水性溶剂中均有溶出，在65%乙醇中溶出率最大，范围为0.85%～6.31%，当浸泡温度超出30℃后，溶出率增幅较大；在20%乙醇和蒸馏水中的溶出率较小，范围为0.19%～0.45%和0.19%～0.37%；4%乙酸对DEHP的溶出作用最小，70个样品中，检出率为17%，检出溶出率。4%。

On the research of refloating engineering calculation model, the present absent calculation method of stranded ships turning and refloating resistance was mostly lucubrated, the calculation formula of stranded ships turning and refloating resistance was deduced.

在脱浅工程计算模型研究方面，重点对现行脱浅工程计算方法中缺少的搁浅舰船转向与出浅阻力计算方法进行了深入研究，推导出了难船转向与出浅时阻力计算公式。

The paper researches two models for optimized management of slab-yard, and researches respective application about putting-in stock and model of taking-out stock. In the model of putting-in stock, the paper considered the cell of hot-rolling when making plan of putting-in stock, swings in the model of putting-in stock with the parameter 85, which indicates whether the slabs belong to the same hot-rolling cell. In the model of taking-out stock, The paper classed the slab-yard location according to the practice of the factory, based on which, the paper brings forward optimized turned-out algorithm founded on experts system, and the result of the experiments shows that the number of the turned-out pile is greatly reduced with the new algorithm.

文章重点研究了板坯库优化管理中的入库计划和出库计划编制问题，对两个决策模型：入库决策模型和出库决策模型进行了应用研究，其中在入库决策模型中，编制入库计划时就考虑了热轧工序轧制计划单元，在入库决策模型中添加&同一热轧单元&参数δ_5；在出库决策模型中，基于实际应用现场对板坯库库位进行分类，提出基于专家系统的板坯最优倒垛算法，实验结果表明提出的算法大大地降低了倒垛量。

The fulllength heparanase gene is isolated. The functional heparanase is expressed within COS7 and CHO cells and few heparanse is secreted into medium. The positive CHO cells expressing active heparanase is screened, which will help explore its function and screen its antibody and antagonists from a variety of sources.

本研究分离出人HPA编码基因全序列；在真核细胞内成功表达出有活性的人HPA，发现此酶在COS7和CHO细胞中表达在细胞内，很少分泌到细胞外；筛选出其恒定表达细胞株，为进一步研究HPA结构功能、开发其抗体及抑制剂提供了有力的工具。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。