研究与开发

Objective: Research the interface between C/C,CCH(fusional material of C/C and hydroxyapatite)implant and bone in the aim of providing experimental basis for developing a new dental implant.

目的：采用碳纤维增强碳复合材料(carbon fiber reinforced carbon，C/C)与羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite，HA)复合形成新型种植体，研究它们与骨结合界面的性质，为开发新型种植体提供实验依据。

This study analysised the condition of Xinjiang's petroleum resource and made an evaluation and it points out that the development of petroleum and natural gas of Xinjiang is still in the developing period in which it aims at discovering the petrol field and increasing its reserves.Although it has a great exploring potential,because of its geograghy limitation and a lack of exploring funds,the exploring level is till low,even lower than the everage level of the whole country. The study is based on theories of industry distributions,its concentration,macroscopic analysis,government regulations and continuing development.From microcosmic and macroscopic aspects,it scientifically and systematically analyses the problems in the development of petroleum industry in Xinjiang.It points that the developments of middle and upper reaches lack a balance and have no rational industry structures.So it is hard to form an integral industry chains.Moreover,the upper reach covers a too much large proportion in the development,so it can not give a strong impetus to other industries.Based it,the paper points the industrial concentration of Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be enhanced and Input to Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be increased.Due to a lack of an established fair and competitive market and government's perfect laws and regulations on petroleum industry,it points that the phenomenon of mixed operation has become common in monolopied business and competitive business,so the systems of petroleum industry needs to be restructured.It states clearly that the country should take the development and benefits of Xinjiang's economy into consideration when making strategies for petroleum development .Besides,the allocation of profits between the center and the local should be well arranged so that we can guarantee the profits of Xinjiang ,considered as a resource area.It also reveals that we should not only overcome limitations of resources,environment,economy and technology on continuring development,but also we should deal with some realistic problems well.For instance,contradictions between the concept of limited resource and continuing development,the relationship between petroleum industry's own features and continuing development,the contradictions between the limits on supply of petroleum and the need of future development of continuing resource ,outdated petroleum technology and the need of advanced technology for continuing development,tremendous damages to environment and requirements of environment protection for continuing development and Xinjiang continuing economic development,outdated policy of industry and continuing development,the relationship between continuing development of Xinjiang petroleum industry and continuing economic development of Xinjiang.

本研究以产业布局理论、产业集中度理论、灰关联分析理论、政府规制理论、可持续发展理论为依据，从微观、宏观两个层面，科学、系统、全面地分析新疆石油产业的发展问题，指出：新疆石油天然气目前仍处于油气田发现和增储的主要发展阶段，开发潜力巨大，但由于地质原因及勘探投入的不足，石油天然气探明程度偏低，低于全国平均水平；新疆石油产业产业结构布局不合理、上中下游发展不平衡，难以形成完整的产业链条，对工业的带动力与其本身具有的经济总量很不匹配；新疆石油开采业和石油加工业属于高度寡头垄断的市场类型，新疆石油化工业属于竞争型的市场结构，要想石油产业对新疆经济有较强的带动作用，新疆石油化工业必须上升到一定的层次和规模，在提高规模的基础上，提高新疆化工业的产业集中度；新疆石油加工业和化工业与农业呈现较高的关联度，加大对石油加工业和化工业的投入，对新疆经济的协调发展有着深远的影响；政府要从石油产业本质特征和发展趋势为着眼点，实施规制改革，分开政府规制政策的制定部门和监管部门职能，建立健全石油产业法律法规体系，对垄断性业务和竞争性业务实施分类规制；国家石油发展战略的制定应兼顾新疆区域经济的发展和利益，应切实处理好新疆与中央的利益分配，切实保证新疆作为资源产区合理的资源收益；新疆石油产业要想得以可持续发展，不仅要克服影响可持续发展的资源、环境、经济和技术等客观因素，还要处理好观念、需求、政策等诸多主观因素。

We choose the arid land of northwestern China as our study area because of its extensive area, specific geographical location, dry climate, varied topography, vulnerable ecosystems and long-term human disturbance, as well as the existence of current conflicts between economic development and environmental protection. Based on the literature, we choose ten desert species with clear and relatively accurate geographical distribution ranges to model their distributions:Anabasis brevifolia, Atraphaxis frutescens, Calligonum mon-golicum, Ephedra przewalskii, Gymnocarpos przewalskii, Haloxylon ammodendron, Haloxylon persicum, Ka-lidium cuspidatum, Salsola laricifolia, and Sympegma regelii.

：选择面积广阔、地理位置特殊、气候干旱、地形地貌多样、生态系统脆弱以及人类活动长期干扰，而且目前面临着西部大开发和环境保护双重矛盾的西北干旱区作为研究区域，通过收集西北干旱区多种优势种和常见种的地理分布资料，选取10种分布范围相对明确、资料相对齐备的荒漠植物种：短叶假木贼、木蓼(A- traphaxis frutescens)、沙拐枣、膜果麻黄、裸果木、梭梭柴、白梭梭、尖叶盐爪爪、松叶猪毛菜(Salsola lar- icifolia)和合头草，定量分析其地理分布与气候因子的关系，并据此估测其潜在中心分布区和潜在最大分布范围，与实际分布范围进行比较。

This study discover that in the course of new product development, it is the more in DCN, it is the apter to cause the failure of the project. Using more new components, more design change numbers. But use more new components will not make the project failure. This is because there are other constructs to influence the success of the new project, included collaboration, commerce, market prosperity, quality of the product, the characteristic of the product and so on.

本研究发现，在新产品开发过程中，设计变更次数越多，越容易导致开发案的失败；使用新开发部品数越多，则设计变更次数也会随之变多；设计变更次数多寡，与开发案是否被承认有直接关连性，但新部品使用数量却与开发案的承认无太大的关连性。

It is an application course that is to study the resource status and growth of forage crop, the relation between entironment and cultivation condition, the biology characteristic and the application importance of bird's-foot, gramineous grass, otherfeed species and variety, and fertility technology including soil tilth, cultivation technique, planting method and so on.

本学科内容是研究牧草饲料作物的资源状况及其开发利用途径，生长发育特性及其与环境条件和栽培条件的关系，土壤耕作、栽培措施和牧草特殊种植方法等农艺丰产技术，生产流程中各个环节的经营管理与降低成本和增产增效的关系，豆科牧草、禾本科牧草及其他种类饲料作物种和品种的生物学特性及其应用特性和价值。

SHANGHAI CO-REACH CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD is mainly engaged in development, manufacture and technical consultation and service for new technology, new equipment and new process in the fields of mix, granulation, dry, comminute, filtration- separate and packaging.

公司重点从事粉粒体后处理过程的新技术、新装备和新工艺的开发与制造、技术咨询与技术服务，在国内最早提出粉体工程、造粒技术系统化研究的理念，产品涉及混合、造粒、干燥、粉碎、过滤、包装等领域。

The technology of error compensation based on Multi-Body system and the design method of cam machining were combined together.

针对精密凸轮加工中存在的精度问题，推导出凸轮磨削中的理想砂轮中心包络线的求解方程，进而将基于多体系统理论的误差补偿技术与凸轮加工设计方法相结合，研究了理想数控指令的生成方法、砂轮轮廓误差的计算方法、精密数控指令和逆变凸轮廓型的求解算法，在此基础上，开发出凸轮精密磨削过程的误差补偿与动态仿真分析软件。

In high condensation point, high viscosity and low permeability oilfield, using routine separate layer water injection pipestring can't achieve the goal of separate-layer water injection because packer doesn't seal and is very easily broken.

随着高凝、高粘和低渗透油田的开发，原有的封隔器与配套工具组成的分注管串无法使用。因此，迫切需要研究一套与之相适应的封隔器组成的分注管串，以满足现场生产需求。

By means of experiment it is verified that this robot moves dexterously and quickly and possesses good environmental adaptability and surmounting obstacle ability.

与传统的以研究机器人智能、决策等为目的而开发的轮式移动机器人相比，在机动性、越障能力、集成设计等方面提出了许多新的或挑战性的理论与工程技术问题[2~4]。

Moreover, this research has developed a series of teaching materials including C.G., comic concepts and comic creations via instructional design. It's expected that the above mentioned could help students to facilitate the applications of C.G.T. to comic creations.

此外，本研究也发展了一连串电脑绘图、漫画概念与漫画创作的教学设计，并自行开发相关纸本教材，期望使研究对象在电脑绘图板上的漫画创作能够更加顺利。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。