研究与开发

Detailed contents are given as follows:(1)In views of the x-ray laser target chamber on the SG-II high-power laser facility and the experimentally physical demands, the key influencing factors, such as the elliptical eccentricity and the spectral detection angle, on the angular dispersion, the spectral resolution,and the photometric parameter were studied by the elliptical self-focusing geometric principle. In order to increase the spectral and spatial resolution, using ray tracing code and optical path function, optimization calculation was carried out for an elliptical crystal spectrometer.

进一步以此为核心开发出了一种新型的X射线测量与诊断系统，取得了一些新的科研成果，可为王王淦淦昌昌院士、王大珩院士二老倡导研制成的用于国防科研、激光惯性约束聚变、强激光与物质相互作用、X射线激光等物理研究的大型钕玻璃高功率"神光II"激光装置上的物理实验提供更有效的诊断X射线谱手段，扩充了其应用范围，也对激光等离子体辐射keV以上能区段的X光发射和吸收的原子物理过程与机制、占据动力学、谱形态结构等方面做了深入一步的理论和实验研究。

In accordance with the goal of promoting cultural exchange and mutual development, the International Mayors Communications Center has always been seeking for cross culture communication and harmonious development among international cities. On the advent of 2009 Global Mayors Forum, IMCC has had the opportunity to invite Ms. Kochiro Matsuura, Director-General of UNESCO to be the distinguished guest and major speaker for the coming Forum and nearly 1000 guests including officials of the United Nations Organizations; leaders and experts of International urban organizations; global urban administrators; urban operators (entrepreneurs related to urban development, construction, management, service, etc); representative of research institutes and experts on urban operation; leaders of financial institutions in investment and financing; representative of urban operation service institutions; representative of research institutes and experts on urban cultures and representative of global mainstream media , will be involved in the forum, whose theme is High Growth Cities: Meeting the Challenges for Sustainability

秉承融通文化、共谋发展宗旨的IMCC 一直致力于谋求国际城市间的文化共通与和谐发展，"2009全球市长论坛"隆重召开之际， IMCC有幸邀请到联合国教科文组织秘书长Kochiro Matsuura女士出席并发表主题演讲，届时，包括联合国官员、全球城市组织领袖、专家、全球城市经营者(市长及城市相关部门管理者)、城市运营商(城市开发、建设、管理、服务等相关企业家)、城市运营研究机构与专家、投融资等金融机构领导人、城市运营服务机构、城市文化研究机构与专家、全球主流媒体等在内的近千名嘉宾将出席本次主题为"高速发展的城市-迎接可持续发展的挑战"论坛。

The holistic design of the system and resolved the designs of software and hardware based on VXI bus are put forward according to the demand of test system. The hardware and software is designed, including the formation and design of hardware system, visual instrument software architecture, program design for instrument driver, high speed real-time data collection. In the dynamic test program, the idea of"software is instrument"was applied to meet the diverse test demands. Last, it is proposed that the VXI test system be developed to more totalization and networked. The basic theory of system identification was introduced briefly at first. The principle of spectrum analysis system identification based on Wiener-Hopf equation was expatiated. and the questions in applying Peusdo Random signal as spectrum analysis methods stimulate signal was studied, The generation principle of the peusdo random signal is researched, the characteristic of peusdo random are analyzed from time domain and frequency domain, the inverse repeat peusdo random signal is brought forward to make up the shortage of ordinary peusdo random signal. And a new chaos genetic algorithmis presented to solve the unprecise problem of the traditional method. In the servo valve dynamic characteristic test system, the spectrum analysis methods was applied successfully, the servo valve dynamic characteristic could be acquired rapidly and exactly, the test results were analyzed and the ameliorate methods were brought forward at last.

结合航天某集团液压测试中心测试系统的需求，提出了基于VXI总线的液压测试系统的整体设计方案，完成了测试系统的硬件设计与软件设计，包括硬件系统构成与设计、虚拟仪器软件结构、仪器驱动程序设计、高速同步实时数据采集等内容；以伺服阀动态特性测试为例设计了测试模块，该模块体现了VXI总线仪器软件开发所倡导的"虚拟仪器"的思想，以软件的灵活应用满足了不同的测试需求；结合自动测试系统的发展，研究了VXI测试系统与网络技术结合，实现各种软硬件资源共享，进一步提高设备及数据的利用率和系统的扩展性，使自动测试向综合化、网络化方向发展；研究了伪随机信号作为谱分析法辨识的激励信号时存在的问题，讨论了伪随机信号的产生机理，从频域和时域分析了伪随机信号的性质及其应用，提出了用逆重复伪随机信号弥补了普通伪随机信号的不足，并以混沌遗传算法对逆重复伪随机信号产生过程中的参数进行优化，可以更合理而不是凭经验产生需要的逆重复伪随机信号。

The total instantaneous blockage accident study progress was summarized in the paper. The most important SCARABEE-N in-pile tests in TIB fields were reviewed, also various out-of pile backup tests. The SCARABEE BE+ group and APL group, which were directly linked to TIB scenario, were compared for the different test conditions and phenomena. Many analysis models and computer codes developed in parallel with SCARABEE program were presented, followed by using SCARABEE results for code verification and engineering practice.

本文总结了TIB研究在国际上的进展，综述了TIB研究领域最重要的SCARABEE-N实验和各种相关堆外实验，并将与TIB研究关系最紧密的BE+组和APL组实验的条件、进程进行了对比，同时介绍了与SARABEE计划同步开发的各种分析模型和程序，以及将SCARABEE实验成果用于其他程序的验证工作和应用情况。

According to the existing problems transforming institutes of technological development type into enterprises, based on abundant investigation and summarizing the relative documents, the paper lodges three transformation types including independently transforming into enterprise, inosculating with other organization, and so on, for this kind of institutes' selecting, and puts forward nine corresponding transformation patterns of these types.

结合开发类科研院所企业化转制中存在的问题，通过大量的调研和对相关文献资料的总结，提出开发类科研院所实施企业化转制可供选择的独立企业化运营和与其它组织融合运营等三种转制类型，以及与之对应的九种转制模式；同时，详细比较研究了这些模式在转制实施方案、主要优缺点、适用条件和对转制科研院所要求等方面的主要区别。

It is the best way for manufacturing seeking TQCS benefit aim through syncretized manufacture technology, information technology, automatization technology, modernistic management technology and system technology to form new generation of advanced manufacture technology.

为缩短制造企业在现有生产模式下的产品开发周期，围绕资源的合理化利用、工艺的快速动态设计、工艺路线制定等问题，本文系统地研究了基于PDM的多元化组合式CAPP系统建模的理论与方法，对涉及到的关键问题进行了深入地分析与探讨，并以此为基础研制和开发了原型系统――Phosphor CAPP系统。

This part puts emphasis on the explanation of destination image setting, infrastructure planning of road and hotel etc.Based on the theories and case study, the paper points out that it is not enough only to put emphasis on macroscopical theories study, how to using scientific theories and combining behavior motives of ecotourist with ecotourism product design, minimizing destroy of infrastructure construction and using energy efficiently are also the key problems in ecotourism exploitation.

共分为三部分，第一部分对生态旅游的内涵、特点、构成要素以及自然保护区的生态旅游开发进行了总结；第二部分详细阐述了生态旅游规划的理论依据，从生态系统整体性原则、地域性原则、资源有限性原则和生态旅游者的旅游动机及审美行为等方面入手，提出了在以上理论指导下的生态旅游开发策略；第三部分是实证案例研究，应用了第二部分的理论及策略，对辽宁老秃顶子自然保护区进行生态旅游开发规划，重点阐述了该地的旅游形象塑造、功能分区、道路与宾馆等基础设施规划。

The different structures and diverse types of mountain stream diversion works which were developed in the recent several doz...

对近几十年来，日本研究开发的结构各异、类型多样的山溪取水工程的取水方式进行了介绍；对广泛应用于日本山区多沙性河流的栏栅式取水工程的结构特征、取水特点以及由栏栅式取水工程群与蓄水池构成的水资源开发利用模式进行了综合评述，为我国同类型山区的水资源开发利用提供参考。

Constant temperature bath was employed to get the curve of forward current and temperature, which will be the basis of forward current feedback and temperature conversions. Self-developed driving circuits were used to control LED to make the relative illumination decays to be less than 5% and the coordinate excursion of Color rendering indix on the CIE chromaticity diagram is lower than 0.1. The development of circuit control of LED projection light with low aberrance of illumination and Color rendering indix, changing with the temperature can be successfully realized.

研究执行首先针对各类LED单体，进行晶粒温度对前馈电流变化之量测，利用恒温槽控制得出完整曲线，并以此作为LED晶粒前馈电流回授与温度换算之依据，利用自行开发脉波驱动线路，进行高瓦特LED单体控制，达成相对照度变化小於 5%，演色性在CIE chromaticity diagram上座标偏移低於0.1，成功实现一随温度变化，照度与演色性变异均低之LED投射灯控制线路开发。

Choosing TVA and MDB, Tennessee Valley Authority in USA and MurrayDarling River Basin in Australia, as tow cases for comparative studies, analyzed the models of water resource multiobjective development which could be used in Lancang-Mekong River Basin; to TVA, mainly analyzed and summarized the models and experiences of its water resource mutiobjective development and coordinated management in the river basin's comprehensive development process; to MDB, mainly analyzed the models for integrating allocation and management of its transboundary water resource.

在世界众多的大河流域中，选择了美国田纳西流域和澳大利亚的墨累-达岭河流域，作为澜沧江—湄公河水资源系统多目标协同开发可借鉴的流域模式，进行对比分析研究。对TVA，重点分析其流域综合开发中水资源多目标协同开发和管理的模式与经验的借鉴；对MDB，则重点分析其流域整体管理模式及此模式中跨境水资源整体分配和管理模式的借鉴。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。