研究与开发

From the information construction of engineering quality supervision management, this paper studied and analyzed the basic principles of system exploitation, constituted the measure of system exploitation which is the combination of structured method and antetype method, analyzed the application of advanced information technology in the engineering quality supervision management system.

本文从建设工程质量监督管理信息化出发，研究分析了系统开发的基本原则，制定了系统开发方法——结构化系统开发方法与原型法相结合，分析了先进信息技术在工程质量监督管理系统中的应用。

With the development of IT,the IT intra-industry will have higher demand about the software quality.this will absolutely attach importance to test of software.with the IT research and development and instrument,accompanying software engneering and software engneering practices further promotion,software test will be gotten more attention and specialized.the instruments will increase the progress of test,also can put the control and administration into the process of test.under the help of funtional test of data-driven of automatic test intruments,we can increase the coverage of the test,also can save more time and capital for corporations.because of continuous improvement of the process of software development,the continuous software integraton and automation of software test will be absolutely inevitable,also have more and more effects.different technology and research and development circumstances will have different requirements about how to automatize,so it hase more space deserved to research.

随着信息技术的不段发展，行业内对软件的质量要求越来越高，这必然引起对测试工作的重视，随着软件开发技术和工具的提高，软件工程和软件工程实践的推广，软件测试日益得到重视和专业化。工具能够加快测试的进度，可以把控制和管理引入整个测试过程。通过对自动化测试工具的数据驱动来进行功能性的测试，可以提高测试的覆盖率，并且可以为企业节省大量的时间和资金。因为软件开发过程的持续改进，软件项目的持续集成与测试自动化的发展是必然的，其作用也将越来越明显。不同的技术和开发环境对测试如何自动化有不同的要求，所以还有很多值得研究的地方。

In this article, the "bee mode" development of small or marginal fields in shallow waters using octagon FPSO is discussed; key technologies are researched on the general arrangement of octagon FPSO, the flexible connection technology between octagon FPSO and WHP, oil offloading, multi-points mooring system in shallow waters and the ring bilge keel.

针对渤海边际油田开发的需要，提出了八角形浮式生产储油装置的概念，探讨了将八角形FPSO用于浅水海域小型油田或边际油田开发的"蜜蜂式"开发模式，并对八角形FPSO总体布置、与井口平台间的柔性连接、原油外输方式、浅水海域多点系泊系统、环形舭龙骨等关键技术进行了研究。

In this paper, a model is developed to study the trandeoff between them under cannibalization strategy. Optimal time-to-market and duration of the overlapping stage conncerned with cannibalization rate are obtained.

文中研究了在新旧产品并存策略下新产品开发时间与产品性能之间的平衡问题，得到与成长率相关的最优产品开发时间和最优阶段重叠量。

Therefore studying a kind of management model which can satisfy customer special ,characteristic demanding and makes the manufacturing corporation keep up with the changefully and dynamic state of the market with intelligent reaction become more and more urgent. Based on the thought which oriented to the product-developing process, in order to make the manufacturing corporation carry out to develop a kind of new product with the shorter development period and lower the product cost, a model which makes the product be produced and assembled easily is given.

因此研究一种面向产品开发过程的项目管理模式，来实现用较短的开发周期开发出形式多样的、低成本和易于生产与装配的产品，使得企业自我调整变化的速度跟上市场变化的速度，提高企业及其产品的应变力和市场竞争力，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。

Based on the theory and methodology mentioned above, an integrated software system, namely Computer Aided Concurrent Design system, is developed with C language, Windows SDK and computer network techniques to support CD process modelling which include some key aspects, such as organization, plan, and configuration issues; to provide assistance which cover service mechanism for information sharing and management mechanism for CD process monitoring and controlling in a distributed environment.

以本文提出的并行设计理论和并行设计实施方法论为指导，面向并行设计过程的分析、规划、管理与控制，研究了并行设计支撑环境的组成、功能、实现方法，并以C语言、Windows开发技术、网络通讯技术建立、开发了并行设计建模与实施支撑环境的原型系统，并结合平行分度凸轮机构的设计、制造进行了具体的应用。

From this research, we realized the difference between ROT and BOT, for example, ROT would be easier to execute the EIA contents and conclusions. Its confidentialness in monitoring result was also higher than BOT cases. For the EIA approval kinetics, 26 approval specifications and the key items for 3 levels approval system were also offered. The policy, EIA, EIA assessment system, EIA contents development, approval system, key points for examining, following, monitoring and the results for executing effects for the surrounding facilities were researched and analyzed to offer the suggestions for practical application between Developer and Administration for the reference of executing and research.

并藉由本研究探讨，了解公有民营与BOT垃圾焚化厂环境影响评估差异性，如：公有民营对环评内容及审查结论较易执行，且民众对其接受度较高，环境监测结果公信力也高於BOT垃圾焚化厂等，另针对垃圾焚化厂环境影响评估审议机制，研拟出26项审议规范及区分三级之审查重点项目，并提出开发单位、主管机关於政府政策环境影响评估、环境影响评估制度、环境影响评估内容撰写、审议制度、审查重点、追踪与监督及执行成效与民众对邻避设施的观感等加以探讨分析之结论与实务操作运用的建议，作为未来执行及研究之参考

The main results of the investigation are as following:(1) Some important criteria for the design of multi-layer structure are acquired: the ratio of the layer thickness to the contact diameter should be controlled to a value about 0.8; increasing the number of the gradient layers and elasticity modulus of the top layer would benefit to the yield strength and the stress status at the interface.（2）By means of molecular dynamics simulations for a indentation and sliding process, it is discovered that dislocations of 45 direction to the surface occur in the surfaces layer, which is correspond to the direction of the plastic flows observed in the macroscopic continuous medium. The irreversible deformation caused by the dislocation and the atom piles at the surface are responsible for the irreversibility of the force response. They are also the main factors for the friction generation. The temperature and the indentation velocity have significant effects on the deformation behaviors of the material of the surface layer. The yield strength would increase obviously if the indentation velocity is greater than 10 m/s.（3）A method to evaluate the fracture toughness of coating by estimating the crack-density functionβof a Wicker''s indentation was proposed. Meanwhile a new surface treatment technology was developed using non-equilibrium plasma.（4）A MD-FE hybrid method and corresponding software was developed to analysis the tribological behaviors for multiplayer system.

研究主要内容和结果有：（1）得到指导梯度膜设计的几个准则：控制膜层厚度与接触半径比在0.8左右为宜；适当增加梯度层层数和顶层弹性模量，有利于提高抗屈服能力和改善界面处的应力状态；（2）通过对嵌入和滑动摩擦过程的分子动力学模拟，发现表层产生一个与宏观连续介质的塑性流动方向观测一致的45 方向位错；位错造成的不可逆变形和表面的原子堆积，是力的响应不可逆性的原因，也是构成摩擦力的主要因素；温度和嵌入速度对材料变形特性有显著的影响，当嵌入速度大于10 m/s时，屈服强度明显增加；（3）提出压痕裂纹密度系数β半定量判定膜层断裂韧性的方法；并开发出表面强化新工艺；（4）开发出分析表面摩擦学特性的MD-FE复合模拟方法和相应模拟软件。

In this course, we will introduce the basic raster graphics algorithms for drawing 3d primitives, geometric transformations in 2D and 3D space, viewing in 3D, representing curves and surfaces, visual reality and computer animation.

并为今后从事计算机辅助设计和制造、科学计算可视化、计算机图形处理、图形算法的设计、图形软件的开发以及计算机动画、游戏开发等方面的研究工作和系统开发等打下良好的理论基础与实践基础。

Company is located in Hangzhou Fuyang Lushan industrial roundwood, professional research and development and production of various kinds of oil-immersed friction materials, and with several universities and scientific research units, cooperation and common development of new products.

公司位于杭州富阳鹿山工业圆区，专业研究开发与生产各类油浸式摩擦材料，并与多家大学和科研单位合作，共同开发新产品。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。