研究

Precision coating is a very important process in manufacturing of thin films. Among many coating techniques, slot coating may be the most promising in developing high precision coating process due to its versatility and controllability. Fundamentals of slot coating have been studied by many pioneer researchers. However, two topics: use of polymer additives and discrete operation remained relatively largely uninvestigated, especially in terms of their basic mechanisms. These two topics are studied in this thesis using theoretical analysis and experimental methods.

精密涂布技术是未来薄膜技术的重要发展方向，在诸多的涂布技术中，狭缝式涂布是用途广泛且有深厚发展潜力的一项，前人的研究阐明了许多狭缝式涂布的疑难问题，然而，随著精密涂布技术的发展，高分子添加剂与非连续操作逐渐地应用於狭缝式涂布之中，这两个研究课题目前并未发展出适当的理论来说明其机制，本研究以理论与实验的方法对这两个课题进行研究。

Because of this situation, we suggested that the construction of human embryonic stem cell research regulations in Taiwan should be of first priority and illegal use of human embryo or unpatentable types of human embryonic stem cell inventions should be regulated by law. Moreover, following the trend of stem cell technology, the regulation of cell therapy, gene therapy and analysis or diagnostic technologies related to stem cells should be amended to support stem cell research and research foundation, research awards or preference of business investment should be established to improve development of stem cell industry in Taiwan.

据此，本研究建议我国应优先建制人类胚胎干细胞研究管制规范，并以法律明订违法使用人类胚胎之情况或不予专利之人类胚胎干细胞发明态样，另一方面配合干细胞技术的应用趋势，对於干细胞相关的细胞疗法、基因疗法以及干细胞特性检测等潜在发展领域进行相关规范之增修，并且针对干细胞产业设立研究基金、拟定奖励研究或优惠投资方案，以达到促进干细胞产业发展之政策目的。

Firstly, the background of research of relationship areas is introduced. The unsolved problems of research are pointed out..

本文首先对相关的研究领域的研究背景进行了综述，并指出了在这些研究领域的研究薄弱环节。

Based on the experience and methods summed up by other researchers, the technique of cell culture was employed to study bovine follicular oocytes maturation, fertilization and the development of earlier embryo in vitro. The objective of this research is to upbuild and perfect a set of high-and-new-tech systems to obtain high-yield and high-quality bovine embryo, to provide technical operational regulations and ways and means to embryo engineering in practical production, to accumulate data for theoretical research.

本研究在总结前人研究的基础上，应用体外培养技术对牛卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精及早期胚胎体外发育作了进一步研究，旨在建立健全一套完整的体外生产高产优质牛胚胎的高新技术体系，为胚胎工程和生产实践提供技术操作规程和方法，为理论研究积累资料。

In this paper, the progresses acquired in the studies of natural analogy are summarized, including a comparison of structural properties, radiation damage and chemical composition between uraninite and UO2, combination and paragenesis of alteration products of uraninite, chemical composition of uraninite and its secondary phases, mobility of analogy elements in the process of uraninite alteration. In addition, the problems in next studies are pointed out, e. g., characterization of micro-structure of secondary uranium minerals, high-resolution analyses of trance elements distributed in original and secondary uranium minerals using laser microprobe analyzer, composition of underground water, simulation experiments.

系统地总结了天然类比研究的现状，包括沥青铀矿与UO2的可比性、沥青铀矿风化产物的共生组合和共生次序、沥青铀矿及其风化产物的化学成分特征、沥青铀矿风化过程中类比元素的迁移性等；并初步指出了进一步研究的方向，如铀酰矿物的微结构研究、类比元素在沥青铀矿和铀酰矿物中分布的激光探针研究、地下水成分分析、模拟实验等。

translation is a cultural activity;it's more than the transformation between two languages.what translation should achieve is to explain and spread culture between two languages.under the guidance of susan bassnett and andre lefevere,urger and impeller of'cultural turn',translation has been elevated to the height of cultural construction.culture discussion has become one of the newest headings in translation research.traditional chinese medicine is the embodiment and one of the most important parts of traditional chinese culture.as a result,in the procedure of translation of traditional chinese medicine,translation of culture characteristic is the most important thing.translation research of traditional chinese medicine has always been focused on what method should be used,such as the discussion about literal translation or free translation,the discussion whether use foreignizing method or domesticating method in the translation of traditional chinese medicine.it is only the argument of whether convey traditional chinese medicine culture in english translation and how much the culture should be conveyed.

翻译本身是一种文化活动。翻译不仅是两种文字的相互转化，翻译活动所完成的是将文化内涵在两种语言之间阐释和传播。在翻译研究"文化转向"的两位主要倡导者和推进者susan bassnett和andre lefevere研究进展的启发之下，翻译被提到文化构建的高度。从文化角度研究翻译成为翻译研究的前沿课题，为翻译理论的发展注入了新的活力。中医体现了中国传统文化，是其重要组成部分，对文化内涵的处理得当与否决定了翻译的好与坏。中医翻译学术界在操作层面上一直有直译与意译之争，归化与异化之争，说到底不过是对中医传统文化在英译文中是否体现以及体现多少的争论。

A series of study methods which can not research in this field begin to exert important affection. On the basis of the previous research, the following major innovative work was carried out in this dissertation.(1) Several methods including fluorescence spectra, CD and FT-IR specta methods were used to study the interaction of isoquinoline alkaloid、isoflavones and Rhein with serum albumin, and the results from every method was in good agreement;(2) The binding constants、the numbers of binding site、the binding region and the interaction force involving in the interaction of drugs and serum albumin were confirmed by Scatchard equation and Vant Hoff equation.

基于研究生物大分子与小分子相互作用具有极其重要的意义，本博士论文在前人工作的基础上，主要进行了以下几方面的创新性研究：(1)利用荧光光谱法、圆二色谱法、红外光谱法以及分子模拟等多种方法相结合研究了异喹啉类生物碱，异黄酮类化合物以及大黄酸与人血清白蛋白的相互作用，获得了准确一致的信息；(2)根据Scatchard方程和Vant Hoff方程详细研究计算了异喹啉类生物碱以及大黄酸与蛋白质结合机理包括结合常数、结合位点数、结合区域、结合力。

This paper has no intention to put forward the ubiquitous educational principles, but has the intention to look for the educational significance in the situation. Against the way so called "top to down" by which most of the educational study deduct the certain theory, this paper prefers to use the collaboration of the way of "top to down "and the way of "bottom to up", but the preferable way is "bottom to up": I go near the world of the teacher's life, listen to the voice of the teacher, I make an attempt to keep the teacher's real situation, motion, chance and feeling, I welcome to invite readers to give an ear to their stories and understand the teacher's personal practical theory, also, expect me to do tiny but deep-ground task for verbalism in the educational study by standing the position on the Chinese reality.

与当前教育研究中大量的从既有理论框架中推演出某种论点并加以论证的所谓"自上而下"的方式不同，本研究更倾向于采取"自下而上"与"自上而下"相结合并以前者为主的策略：走近教师的生活世界，倾听教师的声音，用叙事的方式尽可能保留实践中的情境、流动、机缘、感受，邀请读者一同倾听故事，并以此为基础展开对教师个人实践理论的理解，也期望通过立足中国现实土壤的研究为教育研究本土化做一点哪怕微不足道却是扎实的工作。

In this thesis, the digitization, informationization, modelization and videotex of research on ecological environment security were achieved by using RS-GIS-EIS integrated technology.

论文的创新和特色在于，首次提出土地生态环境安全的概念，将生态安全研究的理论与方法引入土地生态环境安全研究中，并在这些理论和方法的指导下进行了吉林西部土地生态环境安全的研究；首次在吉林西部地区进行了土地生态环境敏感性评价，从土壤退化和土地盐碱化敏感性评价反映了吉林西部土地生态环境不安全的潜在危机；构建了土地生态环境安全评价的压力-状态-响应指标体系，该体系既体现了指标总体上的因果关系，又渗透了生态环境与经济的可持续发展；在土地生态环境安全评价过程中，本文提出用栅格点状评价单元和行政区面状评价单元结合的方法进行土地生态环境安全评价，使评价结果和分区更加精确；首次进行生态安全预警的研究。

In west, there is not a generally accepted opinion, though there are much theoretical and empirical evidence, there are two theories: Dividend policy is relevant, vintner study dividend policy about dividend signaling by positive research, Jensen and Meckling created agency cost theory, they provide and analysis of the affects of agency conflicts among corporate; tockholders, corporate managers and creditor; they suggest that management stock ownership can reduce agency cost by aligning their interests, with shareholder' s interest.

在西方，人们对股利理论研究起步较早，但至今尚未取得一致的结果。主要形成了两大学术流派：股利无论和股利相关论。林特等人还运用实证分析方法对股利的停息传递效应进行了研究，得出了股利信号传递理论。詹森，迈克林还以委托――代理成本理论为研究框架，通过研究公司股东，管理和债权人三者的利益动机及分配关系，得出了股利分配代理成本理论。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。