研究

Ensure the college and university teachers" main status in teaching. 6. reform the personnel administration system of colleges and universities.The unique features of this paper are: 1. This thesis, through analyzing the disorderly flowing in college and university teachers, revealed the connotation of the rational and orderly flowing of teachers. It"s unique among the same research. 2. This thesis, through applying the knowledge of higher pedagogy, educational economics, educational administration and educational sociology, etc. made a macroanalysis on the flowing of college and university teachers. Its distinctive from other papers which only focus on the phenomena and microanalysis. 3. This thesis, based on theoretical studies, put forward several practical measures for bringing about the rational and orderly flowing of college and university teachers. It puts attention on combining theoretical research with practical research.

本文的创新点在于：1、通过分析高校师资流动中的无序现象，揭示了高校师资合理有序流动的内涵，这一点在同类研究中是没有的；2、能够综合运用所学过的高等教育学、教育经济学、教育管理学和教育社会学等知识，从宏观上系统深入地研究了我国高校师资的流动问题，有别于其他的现象研究和微观研究；3、本文在理论研究的基础上对促进高校师资的合理有序流动提出了一系列有实践指导意义的对策措施，注重理论研究与实践研究相结合。

This dissertation focuses on land desertification of the middle reaches of the Tarim River. Taking the train of thought and methods that combining aerial remote sensing and historical material with ground investigation and indoor comprehensive analysis, macroanalysis with micro-analysis, qualitative research with quantitative research, and expressing the result of research by means of mapping, the author makes a systematic research on land desertification.

本文以塔里木河中游地区为研究区域，并以英巴扎地区作为典型区，根据对前人已有成果的学习和吸收，采用航空遥感与地面调查、历史资料与室内综合分析工作相结合，宏观分析与微观分析相结合，定性研究与定量研究相结合，最终以制图手段表现研究结果，并据此进一步综合阐述和探讨研究区域土地沙漠化特征与形成机制以及发展趋势和沙漠化的防治对策的思路方法，对研究区土地沙漠化进行了系统研究。

New ideas this dissertation brings forth are as follows: 1 in the history technological cultures, man stepped into the technological epoch twice; 2 in ancient times, technology and poetry bore cognateness and identity; 3 discourse paradigms and value systems about poetry and technology of ancient China are first reconstructed; 4 the recognizable paradox and absurdity are first articulated when ancients combine simplicity, beauty and technology into one; and 5 the Taoist thinking on crime and punishment in the technological era is systematically combed out, and Zhuang Zi's metaphor about the death of muddiness is therefore interpreted.

此外，本文的研究作为中国文化系统内的跨类比较研究，研究的楔入点和研究行走于其中的空间具有独特的意义和价值，它在广义上可以视为是比较文化和比较诗学在研究视角、研究方法上的创新性探索。最后，本文在具体学术问题上的创新对于中国古代科技思想、诗性生存、诗学等领域的研究，都是一定意义上的学术突破，它至少可以引起相关的学术争论，从而起到推动学术发展的作用。

Research Centers Include Center for Developmental and Health Genetics, Center for Health Care and Policy Research, Center for Human Development and Family Research in Diverse Contexts, Center for Locomotion Studies, General Clinical Research Center, Gerontology Center, Noll Physiological Research Center, Prevention Research Center for the Promotion of Human Development.

研究中心包括：发展和健康遗传学中心，健保和政策研究中心，人类发展和家庭研究中心，运动研究中心，普通临床研究中心，老年医学中心，生理学研究中心，人类发展预防研究中心。

First mostly contraposing hull deck structure it goes along FEA analysis, discuss the different influence degree of calculational results between the different simplifications of the mathematical model, thereinto mostly analyse five different simplifications of the deck model; Second contraposing hold section and hull deck structure it goes along FEA analysis together, discuss the different influence degree of calculational results between the different elements style, gridding number and gridding density, thereinto mostly analyse the difference between adopting 8 node shell element and 4 node shell element, nondense gridding and thick gridding, and numerous gridding number and few gridding number, In the end mostly contraposing hold section structure it goes along FEA analysis, discuss the different influence degree of calculational results between the different boundary conditions, thereinto mostly analyse the difference between adopting CCS boundary conditions and LR boundary conditions.

首先主要针对船体甲板结构进行分析研究，讨论结构简化不同对有限元计算结果的影响程度，其中主要研究分析了五种不同甲板结构简化模型；紧接着针对舱段与甲板结构一起进行分析研究，讨论单元类型，网格数量与密度的不同对有限元计算结果的影响程度，其中主要研究分析了分别采用8节点板壳单元与4节点板壳单元的不同，以及分别采用疏的网格与密的网格，多的网格数量与少的网格数量的计算结果的差异。最后主要针对舱段模型进行分析研究，讨论不同的边界条件对有限元计算结果的影响程度，其中主要研究分析了分别采用CCS舱段边界条件与LR舱段边界条件进行有限元计算而带来的结果上的差异。本文第二部分为港工建筑物中的大直径薄壁圆筒结构的有限元比较分析。在研究大圆筒的有限元比较分析中，主要讨论用不同的网格密度与数量来划分网格引起的差异。其中用了网格密，数量多与网格疏，数量少两种模型进行大圆筒结构的有限元分析对比

Base on above studies, some conclusions were obtained as follows:(1) ore-forming background of the studied ferromanganese crusts are mainly controlled by intensity of Antarctic Bottom Waters and variations of material source;(2) it is confirmed that the ferromanganese crusts are mainly hydrogenetic and their composition are affected by volcanic and continental material simultaneously; there are no obvious phosphatization reconstruction and element reaction occurred in them, so they have important paleoceanological significance;(3) from researches on element occurrence modes in the new-type ferromanganese crusts and the lying sediments, it is proposed that there is no great biological affection on the crusts formation and their composition mainly came from the adsorptive action of the ferromanganese oxides in them;(4) two major types of ore-controlling factors are identified through compilation of ore-controlling factors, which are geological and oceanic factors;(5) considering the long-term variation trends of the crusts composition, combing the U-series and 10Be isotope dating results, it is proposed that the ore-forming processes of ferromanganese crusts in the studied areas can be divided into three major stages (5.6~2.8 Ma, 2.8~2.7 Ma and since 2.7 Ma), and then the activities of AABW since the Late Miocene, changes of input flux coming from volcanic and continental material are confirmed.

通过研究，得出如下结论：(1)研究区铁锰结壳的成矿背景主要受控于南极底流强弱及物源供给的变化；(2)证实铁锰结壳主要为水成成因，同时其物质组成也受一定程度的火山和陆源物质的影响；结壳自形成以来没有遭受到明显的磷酸盐化等成岩后期改造和元素再迁移，具有重要的古海洋学意义；(3)通过新型铁锰结壳及下伏沉积物元素赋存状态的研究，认为生物作用对研究区结壳的形成并没有很大的直接影响，其物质成分主要来自于结壳中铁锰氧化物的吸附作用；(4)在控矿要素的研究中，归纳出了地质与海洋两大类结壳控矿要素；(5)根据结壳成分长周期变化趋势，结合铀系和10Be测年结果，将研究区结壳的形成过程划分为三个主要阶段(5.6~2.8 Ma，2.8~2.7 Ma和2.7 Ma以来)，并确定了晚中新世以来研究区南极底流的活动情况、火山和大陆来源物质输入量的变化。

This paper combines the method of positivism with argumentation in the research course and uses the theory of semeiology to analyze the structure of pictogram and its relation of outer circumstance. In this way, the research method and research aspect are integrated as a whole.

在研究方法上，主要采用实证分析和论证总结相结合的方式，并在研究过程中将符号学的研究方法用来作为研究图示符号内部构成以及外部关系的理论依据，并将其作为开展研究的方法论依据在研究方向与研究方式上进行了整体把握。

Recent years as development of the computer and software, it becomes reality using numeric simulation to research grouting in clay. Using the software of PFC2D, the grouting in clay is lucubrated and such achievements are reached: Grouting technologies in existence grouting material and serosity are studied and rational methods are put forward in choosing grouting technology and serosity.(2) Base on numeric simulation biax test a method is explored to simulate clay with PFC2D.(3) A method is explored to simulate grouting using PFC2D.(4) The relation between serosity pressure and diffuseness of grouting in clay with different initial stress is studied.(5) The stress transformation of clay is studied during grouting.(6) The stress distribution is studied under different serosity pressure.(7) The normal stresss and shear stresss at any section are studied.

近年来随着计算技术的发展，使得采用数值模拟的方式研究均质土体中的注浆成为可能，本文则利用离散元程序PFC2D对均质土体中注浆进行了研究，主要做了以下几方面的工作：(1)研究了现有注浆加固技术、注浆材料以及浆液的性质，阐述了合理选择注浆方式以及浆液的方法；(2)采用数值双轴实验，探索了应用离散元模型模拟土体的方法：(3)探索了采用颗粒流程序进行注浆数值模拟的方法途径；(4)研究了在粘土中注浆不同侧向土压力条件下浆液扩散范围与注浆压力规律；(5)研究了注浆过程中不同阶段土体中压应力的变化；(6)研究了不同注浆压力对土体应力分稚的影响：(7)研究了注浆过程中土体中任一截面处正应力与剪应力的对比关系。

As the complete characteristic curves of reversible pump turbine are often used to calculate the instantaneous parameters, this paper studies the characteristic curve and the wicket closure and opening law in pumped storage plants.Chapter 1 presents the importance and the necessity of this study and reviews the previous related research on hydraulic transient process and valve regulation in pumped storage plants.Chapter 2 analyzes the six collected characteristic curves of reversible pumped turbine and studies their diversification from the point of view of specific speed. The six collected discharge and moment curves with maximum efficiency have been fitted to piecewise continuous curves. This curve-fitting procedure is listed.Chapter 3 takes Liyang Pumped storage plant as an example and analyzes the effect of different characteristic curves on regulation guarantee parameters and the variety of its trochoid during the same operation status.Chapter 4 takes three pumped storage plants with different heads as examples and studies the characteristic of coordinated closure with wicket gate and ball valve and its effect on dynamic pressure in the spiral case, inlet pressure in the draft tube and the rise of rotating speed.Chapter 5 summarizes this paper and point out what should be done in the future research.

由于在过渡过程分析计算中，需要频繁利用可逆式机组的全特性曲线推求机组的瞬时参数，所以本文就特性曲线及关闭规律问题进行了研究，其主要内容如下：第1章，指出本文研究的意义和目的，回顾前人对水力过渡过程、抽水蓄能电站及阀调节的研究成果，在此基础上提出本文的研究内容；第2章，针对收集到的六套特性曲线，从比转速的角度出发来研究可逆式机组特性曲线的变化规律；并对六套曲线的最高效率流量和力矩曲线进行分段拟合，得到各分段函数的具体形式，再通过举例说明最高效率曲线的拟合步骤；第3章，以溧阳抽水蓄能电站为实例，分析讨论不同比转速特性曲线对调保参数造成的影响及对于相同工况其轨迹线的变化；第4章，结合高、中、低三水头段抽水蓄能电站，在导叶直线关闭的基础上，研究导叶与球阀协联关闭规律的特点及对蜗壳动水压力、尾水管进口压力及转速上升造成的影响；第5章，总结全文，提出今后研究的重点和方向。

It is significant to do research on the settlement of MSW landfill. The research will provide grounds in theory for organizing the procedures of land filling, for using the limited space of landfill, for design and maintenance of the protection system, for design of the capacity expansion in vertical and for reuse of the closed landfills. The authors also review some commonly used methods for the MSW land...

深入开展生活垃圾卫生填埋场沉降特性的研究意义重大，研究可为合理地组织填埋场生产和最大限度地利用有限的填埋空间、为填埋场保护系统的设计和维护、为填埋场的竖向扩容设计和场地再利用等提供理论依据；本文同时也简要总结了国内外学者在填埋场沉降研究方面所采用的方法和已取得的一些研究成果，分析了目前的研究趋势和研究中的存在的一些问题，进而提出一些研究新思路。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。